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压缩空气蓄能(CAES)电站是一种新型电能存储系统,具有动态响应快、经济性能高、环境污染小等优点,可起到负荷平衡、战略规划、提高供电质量的作用。但压缩空气蓄能电站往往远离负荷中心,需要一定的地质条件。而分布式能量系统则系统容量小,靠近负荷中心,具有较好的环境兼容性。采用小型或微型机组的小型甚至微型压缩空气蓄能(MCAES)系统则可以结合二者的优势。本文将通过用于分布式能量系统的微型压缩空气蓄能电站的进行设备的选型,并对不同工况下的MCAES系统进行相应的计算与分析,并在满足用户对电力需求情况下,进行工况组合且优化选择。 相似文献
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开式循环吸收式热泵系统变工况性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
开式循环吸收式热泵是用于燃气潜热及水回收的新技术.本文建立了开式循环吸收式热泵系统变工况分析模型.首先,在设计条件下,进行了系统设计及性能模拟;其次,在系统确定条件下,改变输入参数,进行了系统变工况性能的分析.结果显示,在选择参数变化范围内,系统性能变化不大,运行比较稳定,变工况性能较好.烟气温度、流量及冷却水温度、流量增加时,系统性能系数及水回收率变化相反,实际过程中可以作为互相调节的参数,简化了调节手段.输出热负荷相同条件下,烟气湿度增加时系统性能变化较小,系统变工况性能最稳定,最利于系统的稳定运行. 相似文献
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电力负荷预测是电力系统调度和电力生产计划制定的重要依据。电力负荷时间序列有着明显的周期性特征。传统的电力负荷预测主要侧重于预测方法的研究,而忽略了电力负荷数据周期性特性的分析,影响了预测的准确性。针对电力负荷时间序列的周期性特征,提出了一种基于周期性截断的灰色系统模型来进行电力负荷预测。该模型利用周期性截断来反映负荷数据的周期性特征,提高了预测的精度。仿真采用EUNITE Network的公开负荷数据进行算法性能的测试,并与一些主流的电力负荷预测算法:BP神经网络、极限学习机、自回归模型以及传统的灰色系统模型做比较。仿真结果表明,周期性截断的灰色系统负荷预测的归一化均方误差和绝对平均误差是最小的。周期性截断的灰色系统为电力系统负荷预测提供了一种新的有效方法。 相似文献
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通过大量实测数据总结出发电内燃机的典型变工况特性曲线,并给出相应的公式.结合饱和蒸汽余热锅炉的变工况特性解析解,对内燃机热电联产系统的变工况特性进行了分析:逼近温差ΔTa和相对蒸汽产量随负荷降低而减小,总能利用率、当量(火用)效率和经济(火用)效率随负荷减小先增后减,存在一个最佳值,该值对应内燃机最佳工作状态.余热锅炉蒸汽参数越高,变工况时ΔTa越低.与单轴燃气轮机热电联供装置相比,内燃机联产系统的ΔTa在低工况下更易变为负值,原因为前者在降负荷时烟气流量略增加,而后者降低.ΔTa变负会对余热锅炉有重要影响,内燃机进行热电联产时要注意其安全运转问题. 相似文献
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在联产系统能量和物质转换过程模拟和分析的基础上,重点研究了热功转换过程及其与甲醇合成过程的相互影响.得到部分联产率对系统输出功、甲醇合成压缩机耗功、甲醇产量、合成塔副产蒸汽的影响.并对比了动力独立生产系统和部分联产系统供电效率. 相似文献
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《低温与超导》2017,(5)
随着空调的普及,它已经成为高峰期用电负荷增大的主要原因;冰蓄冷技术能够很好地解决在用电高峰期由于空调用电过多造成负荷过大的问题,实现电力资源的移峰填谷功能,但其也带来了总体电力消耗增加的问题。针对此问题,首先建立了与冰蓄冷空调系统相关的数学模型;然后,将系统最小寿命周期成本作为目标函数,采用粒子群算法(PSO,Particle Swarm Optimization)对冰蓄冷空调系统进行优化,并制定出最佳的运行策略。研究结果表明,方法在保证系统运行经济性的前提下,能够有效地降低冰蓄冷空调系统的电力消耗,实现冰蓄冷空调系统的优化,达到节省成本和资源的目的。 相似文献
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随着空调的普及,它已经成为高峰期用电负荷增大的主要原因;冰蓄冷技术能够很好地解决在用电高峰期由于空调用电过多造成负荷过大的问题,实现电力资源的移峰填谷功能,但其也带来了总体电力消耗增加的问题。针对此问题,首先建立了与冰蓄冷空调系统相关的数学模型;然后,将系统最小寿命周期成本作为目标函数,采用粒子群算法(PSO,Particle Swarm Optimization)对冰蓄冷空调系统进行优化,并制定出最佳的运行策略。研究结果表明,方法在保证系统运行经济性的前提下,能够有效地降低冰蓄冷空调系统的电力消耗,实现冰蓄冷空调系统的优化,达到节省成本和资源的目的。 相似文献
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本文以煤气化(240万吨/年)动力,液体燃料(甲醇,醋酸,醋酐)多联产系统(串联式)为研究对象,分析了循环倍率对系统动力输出、蒸汽、液体燃料产量的影响;确定了可满足具有不同优先级的目标、达到系统动力和蒸汽自平衡的循环倍率、燃气轮机选型等关键单元和系统参数。 相似文献
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An experimental energy storage system has been designed using a new type flat micro heat pipe heat exchanger that incorporates a moderate-temperature phase change material paraffin with a melting point of 58°C. The basic structure, working principles, and design concept are discussed. The heat transfer process during the charging and discharging of the heat exchanger under various operating conditions has been experimentally investigated. Results show that the performance of the new type flat micro heat pipe was steady and efficient during charging and discharging. The average thermal storage power and absorption efficiency have been determined to be approximately 537 W and 92.5%, respectively. 相似文献
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This study examined the trilateral flash cycle characteristics (TFC) and partially evaporating cycle (PEC) using a low-grade heat source at 80 °C. The evaporation temperature and mass flow rate of the working fluids and the expander inlet’s quality were optimized through pinch point observation. This can help advance methods in determining the best design points and their operating conditions. The results indicated the partially evaporating cycle could solve the high-volume ratio problem without sacrificing the net power and thermal efficiency performance. When the system operation’s saturation temperature decreased by 10 °C, the net power, thermal efficiency, and volume ratio of the trilateral flash cycle system decreased by approximately 20%. Conversely, with the same operational conditions, the net power and thermal efficiency of the partially evaporating cycle system decreased by only approximately 3%; however, the volume ratio decreased by more than 50%. When the system operating temperature was under 63 °C, each fluid’s volume ratio could decrease to approximately 5. The problem of high excessive expansion would be solved from the features of the partially evaporating cycle, and it will keep the ideal power generation efficiency and improve expander manufacturing. 相似文献
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The effect of parameters of the multi-ring Couette system with counter rotating coaxial cylinders on the process of thermal energy release in a viscous liquid filling this system is considered with regard to the problem of determining the possibility of creating the high-performance wind heat generator. The multi-cylinder rotor design allows directly conversion of the mechanical power of a device consisting of two “rotor” wind turbines with a common axis normal to the air flow into the thermal energy in a wide range of rotational speed of the cylinders. Experimental results on the measurement of thermal power released in the pilot heat generator at different relative angular speeds of cylinder rotation are presented. 相似文献
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基于品位匹配和多能源综合梯级利用的原则,本文提出了低CO2排放的太阳能与化石能源互补发电系统LESOLCC,并对其进行了热力经济性能分析。所提系统以甲醇为燃料,中低温太阳能首先提供甲醇重整反应的反应热,从而转化为富氢合成气的化学能,实现品位提升;其次通过燃烧前对CO2的捕集,实现燃料的清洁燃烧,最终在高效联合循环中实现其热功转换。结果表明:基本工况下,系统当量效率达到55.1%,比投资为833$/kW,发电成本为0.124$/kWh,回收期17年;与相同化石燃料输入及CO2捕集水平的尾气捕集CO2的常规燃气-蒸汽联合循环(CC-Post)相比,发电成本下降了10.1%,充分显示其优越性。 相似文献
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基于构形理论, 以(火积)耗散率最小为优化目标, 对冷却流道的“盘点”传热问题进行构形优化, 得到冷却流道的圆盘构造体最优构形. 结果表明: 对于扇形单元体, 在其泵功率给定的条件下, 存在最佳展弦比使得扇形单元体无量纲当量热阻取得最小值; 对于一级树状圆盘, 在其总泵功率给定的条件下, 存在一级与单元级最佳流道宽度比和扇形单元体最佳无量纲半径使 得一级树状圆盘无量纲当量热阻取得最小值, 且一级与单元级最佳流道宽度比仅与单元体分支数有关. 当中心圆盘半径等于0时, 一级树状圆盘最终退化成辐射状圆盘, 此时一级树状圆盘半径为临界半径. 当一级树状圆盘半径大于临界半径时, 需对圆盘冷却流道采用树状布置, 反之则采用辐射状布置. 存在最佳单元体分支数使得无量纲当量热阻取得最小值, 这与高导热材料通道的“盘点”导热构形优化结果有明显区别. (火积)耗散率最小和最大温差最小的一级树状冷却流 道圆盘构造体最优构形是不同的. 与最大温差最小的冷却流道圆盘构造体相比, (火积)耗散率最小的冷却流道圆盘构造体当量热阻得到极大降低, 其整体传热性能得到明显提高. 因此, (火积)耗散极值原理与对流构形优化相结合, 有助于进一步揭示(火积)耗散极值原理在传热优化方面的优越性.
关键词:
构形理论
(火积)耗散率
冷却流道
广义热力学优化 相似文献
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The efficiency of macroscopic heat engines is restricted by the second law of thermodynamics. They can reach at most the efficiency of a Carnot engine. In contrast, heat currents in mesoscopic heat engines show fluctuations. Thus, there is a small probability that a mesoscopic heat engine exceeds Carnot's maximum value during a short measurement time. We illustrate this effect using a quantum point contact as a heat engine. When a temperature difference is applied to a quantum point contact, the system may be utilized as a source of electrical power under steady state conditions. We first discuss the optimal working point of such a heat engine that maximizes the generated electrical power and subsequently calculate the statistics for deviations of the efficiency from its most likely value. We find that deviations surpassing the Carnot limit are possible, but unlikely. 相似文献
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The efficiency of macroscopic heat engines is restricted by the second law of thermodynamics. They can reach at most the efficiency of a Carnot engine. In contrast, heat currents in mesoscopic heat engines show fluctuations. Thus, there is a small probability that a mesoscopic heat engine exceeds Carnot's maximum value during a short measurement time. We illustrate this effect using a quantum point contact as a heat engine. When a temperature difference is applied to a quantum point contact, the system may be utilized as a source of electrical power under steady state conditions. We first discuss the optimal working point of such a heat engine that maximizes the generated electrical power and subsequently calculate the statistics for deviations of the efficiency from its most likely value. We find that deviations surpassing the Carnot limit are possible, but unlikely. 相似文献