旋转柔性悬臂梁动力学的Bezier插值离散方法研究

在旋转柔性梁变形场描述中,引入Bezier插值离散方法.首先构建旋转运动悬臂梁物理模型,接着采用第二类Lagrange动力学方程和Bezier插值离散方法,在计入柔性梁横向弯曲变形引起的纵向缩短的情况下,推导了旋转柔性梁的刚柔耦合动力学方程,并编制旋转柔性梁的动力学仿真软件,然后通过仿真算例对系统的动力学问题进行研究.最后将仿真结果与有限元法、假设模态法进行分析比较,验证了提出的Bezier插值离散方法的正确性,并得出Bezier插值离散法的计算效率较高;计算精度符合工程实际需要,高速时计算精度大于假设模态法;Bezier插值离散方法在处理大柔性问题时比假设模态法合理.因此在多体系统动力学领域具有优良性能和应用价值的Bezier插值离散方法将具有推广价值.     

A fast implementation for computing spatial impulse response of ultrasonic transducers

The spatial impulse response(SIR) method is often used as the 'gold standard5 in simulation of transient acoustic wave fields due to its high accuracy in the linear domain.However, a high sampling frequency is often required in order to achieve the high accuracy. As a result, a large amount of data has to be processed. In this paper a fast approach for computing spatial impulse response is proposed to reduce the computation burden. The proposed approach is developed by employing the relationship of SIRs at observed points and SIRs of the projection points on the transducer surface. Two critical parameters used in the proposed approach, the calculation sampling frequency and the interpolation sampling frequency, are then analyzed.Results show that for a 2.25 MHz rectangular transducer with the size of 5 mmxlO mm,a calculation sampling frequency of 1000 MHz and an interpolation sampling frequency of500 MHz can achieve superior performance while improving the computation efficiency 18 times than the direct solving.     

Time domain finite volume method for three-dimensional structural–acoustic coupling analysis

This work extends the application of finite volume method (FVM) to structural–acoustic problems. A three-dimensional time domain FVM (TDFVM) is proposed to predict the transient response and natural characteristics of structural–acoustic coupling systems. Acoustic wave equation in heterogeneous medium and structural dynamic equation are solved in fluid and solid sub-domains respectively. The structural–acoustic coupling is implemented according to normal components of particle acceleration continuity condition and normal traction equilibrium condition at the interface. The computational domain is discretized with four-node tetrahedral grid which is generated easily and has strong adaptability to complicated geometries. Numerical experiments are carried out to examine the accuracy of the method in both time domain and frequency domain. The results show good agreement with analytical solutions and numerical results. For structural–acoustic problem, TDFVM has the capability to consider the heterogeneity of both fluid and solid.     

Analysis of static and dynamic structural problems by a combined finite element-transfer matrix method

The combined use of the finite element and transfer matrix techniques (FETM) for the study of dynamic problems was proposed a few years ago, in order to overcome the large amount of computer storage and long computation time that the finite element technique often requires. In this paper some interesting applications are emphasized for both static and dynamic problems of structures. A great deal of attention has been paid to the use of shell isoparametric elements for very thin structures, where the usual numerical integration by a two-by-two Gaussian quadrature of the stiffness matrix leads to an ineffective increase of stiffness in the structure. Particularly appealing seems to be the use of quadratic shell elements in the FETM method, because even with a reduction in the total number of elements of the structure it is possible to increase the accuracy of results. Computation time is appreciably reduced by this method, because of the notable lowering of the final matrix order, the manipulation of which gives the solution of the problem. Some results for natural frequencies of a thin plate are finally presented, showing a favourable agreement with those obtained by other proposed methods.     

Long-Time Dynamic Response and Stochastic Resonance of Subdiffusive Overdamped Bistable Fractional Fokker--Planck Systems

To explore the influence of anomalous diffusion on stochastic resonance （SR） more deeply and effectively, the method of moments is extended to subdiffusive overdamped bistable fractional Fokker-Planck systems for calculating the long-time linear dynamic response. It is found that the method of moments attains high accuracy with the truncation order N = 10, and in normal diffusion such obtained spectral amplification factor （SAF） of the first-order harmonic is also confirmed by stochastic simulation. Observing the SAF of the odd-order harmonics we find some interesting results, i.e. for smaller driving frequency the decrease of subdiffusion exponent inhibits the stochastic resonance （S.R）, while for larger driving frequency＂ the decrease of subdiffusion exponent enhances the second SR peak, but the first one vanishes and a double SR is induced in the third-order harmonic at the same time. These observations suggest that the anomalous diffusion has important influence on the bistable dynamics.     

Monte-Carlo simulation of optical trap stiffness measurement

The high precision calibration of optical trap stiffness is the foundation of the weak force measurement in an optical tweezers system. And the accuracy of the trap stiffness measurement is limited by the bandwidth of the acquisition system. In this article, such an influence is analyzed and discussed. The stiffness measuring process using an acquisition system with a finite acquisition time is numerically simulated by using Monte-Carlo method. Then the simulated results are analyzed by thermal motion analysis method to deduce the trap stiffness for different trapping system and for measuring systems with different acquisition time. As a comparison the power spectrum analysis method is used to study the thermal motion of the bead and to compute the trap stiffness for the same acquisition system, from which it is concluded that the bandwidth of the acquisition system is determined by its acquisition time, not the sampling frequency. The influence of the finite acquisition time or the limited bandwidth on the trap stiffness measurement is discussed. The numerical simulation shows that the measured position, which is here the average position within the acquisition time, shifts to the trap center due to the trapping force, which gives an alternative interpretation for the deviation of the measured stiffness from the true trap stiffness.     

光在多层匹配生物组织中的时域传输模型

建立了匹配介质的n层半无限厚频域方程的解，并对频域进行傅里叶变换，计算出时域方程的时间分辨漫反射（Time-resolved Reflectance）.为检验漫射模型的准确性,将时间分辨漫反射与蒙特卡罗（Monte Carlo）模拟结果进行了比较,结果表明两者符合得很好.研究表明：该时域漫射模型可以判断生物组织和病变的光学特性.     

不确定时变混沌系统的一种自适应无抖振变结构控制

混沌系统的一般变结构控制方法存在高频抖振和需要事先已知系统不确定项的上界等不足，针对这些不足，以一类不确定时变混沌系统为例，提出了自适应无抖振变结构控制（ACFVSC）方法，以控制混沌系统到任意设定轨道.该方法不仅能消除滑模面附近的抖振现象，实现渐近跟踪，而且不需要“不确定项的上界已知”的先验知识.ACFVSC的渐近跟踪分析与仿真结果都表明，只要选择合适的控制器参数，就能在有限时间内达到任意的设定跟踪精度. 关键词： 不确定时变混沌系统 变结构控制 无抖振     

Frequency response characteristics of structures with single and multiple clearance-type non-linearity

The forced frequency response characteristics of systems which can be considered to exhibit single or normal mode characteristics and which incorporate spatially localized clearance-type non-linearities are analyzed by using both analytical and digital simulation methods. The non-linearities are considered to have symmetrical/asymmetrical characteristics and may be subject to pre-load conditions. It is shown that with a pre-loaded asymmetrical clearance element information from frequency response tests can be gainfully employed in estimating the clearance levels. Further, the effect of a displaced dynamic equilibrium position, resulting from asymmetry, is shown to be an important factor in predicting the resonant behaviour of such systems.     

不匹配介质三层漫射方程的时间分辨漫反射

生物体的表面组织是一个不匹配的多层介质,大多数研究人员研究匹配介质的漫射方程,将组织表面看作折射率相同的介质。为更好的理解光在生物体内的传播,建立了不匹配条件的三层半无限厚频域方程的解;并对频域进行傅里叶变换,计算出时域的时间分辨漫反射。为了验证此的理论,使用蒙特卡罗方法进行仿真研究,结果表明该理论研究不仅和蒙特卡罗方法高度一致,而且还可以解决两层不匹配介质模型。     

Modification of the large particle method applied in numerical solution of problems of microwave electronics

The method of large particles, which is applied in one-dimensional numerical simulation of processes in electron devices, such as traveling-wave tubes, is suggested. With the number of large particles fixed, the amount of computation remains virtually the same, while the accuracy attained under strong nonlinearity rises significantly.     

A study on waviness induced vibration of ball bearings based on signal coherence theory

This paper focuses on the effects of waviness on vibration of ball bearings. An experimental analysis method is developed by adopting signal coherence theory of multiple-inputs/single-output (MISO) system. The inputs are waviness excitations of the inner and outer races, and the output is vibration response of the outer ring. Waviness excitation signals are first derived from the manufacturing deviations, and found to be strongly coherent in low frequency range. Virtual input signals are then introduced by the method of orthogonalization. In both cases of vibration acceleration and speed responses, the cumulated virtual input–output coherence function verifies that the first peak region of vibration spectrum is mainly induced by the waviness excitations. In order to distinguish the contributions of the inner and outer races, coherence functions of the virtual inputs with real inputs are calculated, and the results indicate that the outer race waviness contributes more to vibration than the inner race waviness does in the example. Further, a multi-body dynamic model is constructed and employed to frequency response analyses. It is discovered that the waviness induced spectral peak frequency is close to the natural frequency of bearing.     

A new method for compensation and rematch of cavity failure in the C-ADS linac

For proton linear accelerators used in applications such as accelerator-driven systems,due to the nature of the operation,it is essential for the beam failure rate to be several orders of magnitude lower than usual performance of similar accelerators.A fault-tolerant mechanism should be mandatorily imposed in order to maintain short recovery time,high uptime and extremely low frequency of beam loss.This paper proposes an innovative and challenging way for compensation and rematch of cavity failure using fast electronic devices and Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs)instead of embedded computers to complete the computation of beam dynamics.A method of building an equivalent model for the FPGA,with optimization using a genetic algorithm,is shown.Results based on the model and algorithm are compared with TRACEWIN simulation to show the precision and correctness of the mechanism.     

一种精确计算换能器空间脉冲响应的快速方法

空间脉冲响应被认为是最有效的瞬态声场计算方法,针对空间脉冲响应直接计算时需要很高的采样频率,导致数据量大、计算效率差的问题,推导了空间点与其在换能器平面的投影点脉冲响应之间的关系,提出了一种计算脉冲响应的快速算法,探讨了计算采样频率和插值采样频率对计算精度和计算效率的影响,研究发现,采用1000 MHz采样频率能够保证精度要求,采用500 MHz作为插值时的采样频率是较优的选择。该方法与直接求解相比,可提高计算效率18倍。      

Structure overset grid method and its applications to simulation of multi-body separation

This paper proposes an automatic structure overset grid method, which utilizes the hole-surface optimization with one-step searching, wall-surface grid oversetting, and dynamic overset grid approaches to achieve the high adaptability of overset grids for complex multi-body aircrafts. Specifically, based on the automatic structure overset grids, the method first solves the coupling of Navier-Stokes(N-S) unsteady flow equation and 6DOF motion equation, and establishes the multi-body collision model. Then, the numerical simulation of unsteady flow for complex aircrafts' multi-body separation, the simulation of multi-body separating trajectory and the separation safety analysis are accomplished. Thus, the method can properly handle practical engineering problems including the wing/drop tank separation, aircraft/mount separation, and cluster bomb projection. Experiments show that our numerical results match well with experimental results, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our methods in solving the multi-body separation problem for aircrafts with complex shapes.     

一种基于最优频段的X射线脉冲星累积轮廓时延估计方法

为提高X射线脉冲星导航中累积脉冲轮廓的时间延迟估计精度, 分析了X射线脉冲星累积脉冲轮廓的频谱特性和现有Taylor快速傅立叶变换时延估计算法的缺陷, 提出了一种基于最优频段的累积轮廓时延估计算法, 并通过建立不同信噪比下时延估计误差与所采用频段之间的关系以确定最优频段. 数值及实测数据实验结果表明: 在短时观测或光子流量较小时, 该算法优于常用的近似最大似然 (FAML)、相关 (CC)、最小二乘 (NLS) 及加权最小二乘 (WNLS) 方法; 在观测时间较长或光子流量较大时, 该算法的估计精度与CC及NLS方法相当, 但其运算量低于NLS, FAML 及WNLS方法. 本文所提算法适用于短时观测脉冲轮廓或低流量脉冲星的高精度时延估计.     

载机平台光电转塔目标定位的仿真算法

目标定位是光电转塔典型功能和任务之一，对其定位精度的考量也是转塔作战技术指标之一，针对该问题，从理论和仿真角度进行了分析。分析目标定位中用到的坐标系及其相互转换关系，给出光电转塔视轴反演、有源目标定位、无源目标定位的算法流程，通过仿真实验加以验证，考虑了定位过程中可能的随机误差来源，并分析是否采用均值滤波及其对定位结果的影响，最后通过Monte-Carlo分析计算了定位精度。分析结果表明:1）有源定位比无源定位的精度高，在仿真假设条件下，精度约提高1倍；2）均值滤波后，定位精度有较大提升（约提高15倍）；3）18 km距离时典型无源定位精度在80%置信度条件下约为39.4 m；4）统计直方图反映出80%置信度CEP半径及最大误差距离随载机位置、姿态、转塔视轴等（体现在目标载机距离上）不同参数的变化结果。     

Lattice Boltzmann method for n-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws with the source term

It is important for nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws (NHCL) to own a simulation scheme with high order accuracy, simple computation, and non-oscillatory character. In this paper, a unified and novel lattice Boltzmann model is presented for solving n-dimensional NHCL with the source term. By introducing the high order source term of explicit lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and the optimum dimensionless relaxation time varied with the specific issues, the effects of space and time resolutions on the accuracy and stability of the model are investigated for the different problems in one to three dimensions. Both the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation validate that the results by the proposed LBM have second-order accuracy in both space and time, which agree well with the analytical solutions.     

中子半影成像中椭圆度误差的解析计算

 通过几何光学的方法为双锥孔中子半影成像过程建立了解析计算模型，得到了成像过程中中子吸收路径长度的解析表达式，导出了普适的成像传递函数解析表达式。利用模型数值模拟分析了锥孔加工中的椭圆度误差造成的图像畸变；得到了不同椭圆度偏差下系统传递函数的变化，及其对圆形物成像重建的影响。结果表明，小于0.01的椭圆度偏差对成像重建带来的影响可以忽略。与传统的Monte-Carlo方法相比，解析建模方法在速度上有较大的优势，且能够方便地推广到其他编码成像系统中。