37Ar测量系统的研制与能谱测量方法研究

建立了移动式³⁷Ar测量系统.采用1 L的正比计数探测器和能谱分析方法对³⁷Ar的测量进行了研究.分析了计数管的坪长、坪斜和本底等特点.结果表明，相比传统的计数方法，采用电子能谱法测量³⁷Ar具有直观、坪长长、坪斜小等优点.相比传统的总计数方法，采用峰本底的方法可以将本底降低约一个量级，从而降低³⁷Ar的探测下限.并研究了工作气体中不同甲烷含量对³⁷Ar的测量能谱和计数管工作电压的影响，结果表明，     

37Ar测量系统的研制与能谱测量方法研究

建立了移动式37Ar测量系统.采用1 L的正比计数探测器和能谱分析方法对37Ar的测量进行了研究.分析了计数管的坪长、坪斜和本底等特点.结果表明,相比传统的计数方法,采用电子能谱法测量37Ar具有直观、坪长长、坪斜小等优点.相比传统的总计数方法,采用峰本底的方法可以将本底降低约一个量级,从而降低37Ar的探测下限.并研究了工作气体中不同甲烷含量对37Ar的测量能谱和计数管工作电压的影响,结果表明,加入10%的甲烷能够较好的改善37Ar的峰形,当甲烷含量大于10%时,峰形基本保持不变,而甲烷的含量较高时,达到坪区需要较高的工作电压.     

25MeV/u 40Ar+159Tb反应中等质量碎片的热核蒸发

在20°至155°范围内测量了25MeV/u的⁴⁰Ar轰击¹⁵⁹Tb靶产生的单举中等质量碎片(3≤Z≤9)能谱.后角区中等质量碎片能谱具有明显的统计蒸发特性,不同元素的能谱可用相同参数的单个运动源模型很好地拟合.拟合提取的源速度和核温度等源参数与非完全熔合所形成热核的反冲速度和核温度近似一致,表明这些不同的中等质量碎片共同起源于热核的统计蒸发.使用统计程序GEMINI计算了碎片角分布和电荷分布.     

缺中子130Pm和128Pr核的EC/β+衰变研究

171MeV³⁶Ar束轰击⁹⁶Ru靶由熔合蒸发反应生成了¹³⁰Pm和¹²⁸Pr核.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.基于X-γ-t,γ-γ-t符合测量,首次建立了¹³⁰Pm的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.重新研究了¹²⁸Pr核的衰变,订正和补充了γ射线,建立了新的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.     

关于M–3Y力等效G矩阵元在重核区的有效性

采用M—3Y力等效G矩阵元,并利用折线图多体方法计算了²¹⁰Pb、²⁰⁶Pb以及²⁰⁶Hg和²¹⁰Po的低能谱.结果表明,M—3Y力等效G矩阵元基本上适用于此核区的核结构微观计算.     

抽取信号的χ2分布拟合方法

BESⅡ上测量ψ(2S)辐射衰变时, 鉴于本底道的污染非常严重, 提出了一种抽取信号事例数的χ²拟合方法. 大量的蒙特卡罗模拟表明, 信号道与各个本底道的χ²分布形状各不相同. 这些特点提供了从数据的χ²分布中抽出信号道事例数的χ²拟合方法. 从蒙特卡罗模拟的结果来看, χ²拟合方法的误差小于2%.     

用激光计数放射性氪原子

原子阱痕量分析是一种基于激光的新方法,能够对数微升氪气中丰度低至10^-14的⁸⁵Kr和⁸¹Kr原子进行计数测量．介绍了在合肥建成的痕量放射性氪同位素测量系统,包括ATTA装置、水中溶解气提取和氪气分离提纯的样品处理设备．利用该系统对国内多处大气中⁸⁵Kr浓度的测量结果为1.3～1.6 Bq/m³,与文献中北半球大气本底值相吻合．对华南和华北的几个浅层和深层地下水样品进行了⁸⁵Kr和⁸¹Kr测年,示范了该系统的应用．     

46.7MeV/u 12C轰击197Au、115In、58Ni靶时产生的复杂碎片

用气体电离室-半导体位置灵敏探测器望远镜测量了46.7MeV/u ¹²C离子轰击¹⁹⁷Au,¹¹⁵In,⁵⁸Ni靶时,在大角区发射的从Li到Mg的复杂碎片能谱;由各碎片的能谱提取了蒸发源的温度和碎片发射的最可几动能Ep,并与=V_coul+2T计算的平均动能进行了比较,发现实验上提取的最可几动能E_p总是低于计算的.用A.Friedman简单的统计公式对复杂碎片的产额进行粗糙拟合,拟合结果令人满意.     

40MeV/u 40Ar与Cu相互作用的靶余核

使用离线y能谱法和厚靶──厚收集箔技术测量了40MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar和Cu相互作用中靶余核的生成截面和前向平均反冲射程FW值.根据电荷分布假设得到了靶余核的质量产额分布.从FW值导出了重离子碰撞中的线性动量转移.与¹²C+Cu和²⁰Ne+Cu的类似结果比较指出,在相同的弹核速度下,相应于中心碰撞的相对线性动量转移随弹核质量增加而减小,但是在⁴⁰Ar离子和Cu的中心碰撞中产生的复合系统的激发能比¹²C和²⁰Ne离子碰撞情况下更高,达到每核子5.3MeV.     

131Pm衰变的首次观测

利用³²S轰击¹⁰⁶Cd靶,通过3p4n反应产生了¹³¹Pm,反应产物经过毛细管及带收集传输系统传输到低本底区,测量了反应产物的X,γ单谱,并进行了X-γ,γ-γ符合测量,得到了¹³¹Pm的半衰期及衰变γ线,并建立了简单的衰变纲图.     

Cr3+,Yb3+,Er3+共掺磷酸盐铒玻璃转镜调Q激光性质研究

研究了Cr³⁺,Yb³⁺,Er³⁺共掺磷酸盐铒玻 璃转镜调Q激光性质.三种Er₂O₃掺杂浓度的激光实验结果表明，在Er₂O₃名义掺杂浓 度为0.5wt％时，玻璃的综合激 光性质最好，重复频率为0.1Hz时，它的激光阈值功率为14.5mJ，最大输出能量为9.6mJ ，斜率效率为0.55％.在同种实验条件下，比较了Cr14和Kigre公司生产的QE-7S激光性质参数，实验表明，前者激光阈值功率稍低，而后者的斜率效率和最大输出功率略高. 关键词： 3+-Yb³⁺-Er³⁺共掺')" href="#">Cr³⁺-Yb³⁺-Er³⁺共掺 磷酸 盐玻璃 光谱性质 激光性质     

Ab Initio Study on Structures and Vibrational Spectra of M+(H2O)Ar2 (M = Cu,Au)

Previous investigations have shown that it is difficult to acquire the infrared (IR) spectra of M⁺(H₂O) (M?=?Cu, Au) using a single IR photon by attaching an Ar atom to M⁺(H₂O). To explore whether the IR spectra can be obtained using the two Ar atoms tagging method, the geometrical structures, IR spectra and interaction energies are investigated in detail by ab initio electronic structure calculations for M⁺(H₂O)Ar₂ (M?=?Cu, Au) complexes. Two conceivable isomeric structures are found, which result from different binding sites for two Ar atoms. CCSD(T) calculations predict that two Ar atoms are most likely to attach to Cu⁺ for the Cu⁺(H₂O)Ar₂ complex, while the Au⁺(H₂O)Ar₂ complex prefers the isomer in which one Ar atom attaches to an H atom of the H₂O molecule and the other one is bound to Au⁺. Moreover, the calculated binding energies of the second Ar atom are smaller than the IR photon energy, and so it is possible to obtain the IR spectra for both Cu and Au species. The changes in the spectra caused by the attachment of Ar atoms to M⁺(H₂O) are discussed.     

ANALYSIS OF LASING PERFORMANCES OF Yb3+-DOPED YAG, FAP, KYW CRYSTALS

The Yb³⁺ laser emitting at a 1.03μm wavelength has been evoking strong interest recently due to its advantages of long fluorescence lifetime, broad absorption band and the fact that it never shows concentration quenching. On the other hand, as a laser of three-level system it has, in general, a relatively high threshold power, which makes it important to seek some suitable host crystals to reduce this. Here, we present a comparison of the lasing performances of Yb³⁺-doped YAG [Y₃Al₅O₁₂], FAP [Ca₅(PO₄)₃F] and KYW [KY(WO₄)₂] crystals, including threshold power and slope efficiency, with those of the Nd:YAG laser based on the threshold formula of three-and four-level systems deduced by the authors. The results show that the Yb³⁺ laser can output a power larger than the Nd:YAG laser does in the case of comparably higher pumping power, if the length of the lasing rod and the concentration of the active ions satisfy some conditions. The theoretical results are also close to the experimental results reported.     

Tracer Study on Catalytic Hydrogen Exchange Reactions over Nickel Catalyst

In heterogeneous catalysis it is important to know the reactivity of C-H bond in the hydrocarbon molecules. Experiments have been performed to obtain information about the exchange reaction of adsorbed hydrogen with methane and ethylene. In order to reduce the probability of forming products which contain more than one tritium atom, hydrogen labelled with H³ with low activity has been used.     

Ti--Al based ohmic contacts to n-type 6H-SiC with P+ ion implantation

The Ti--Al ohmic contact to n-type 6H-SiC has been fabricated. An array of TLM (transfer length method) test patterns with Au/Ti/Al/Ti/SiC structure is formed on N-wells created by P⁺ ion implantation into Si-faced p-type 6H-SiC epilayer. The specific contact resistance \rho _c as low as 8.64×10^-6\Omega\cdot cm² is achieved after annealing in N₂ at 900℃ for 5\,min. The sheet resistance R_sh of the implanted layers is 975\Omega/\sqcap\!\!\!\!\sqcup. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows the formation of Ti_-3SiC₂ at the metal/n-SiC interface after thermal annealing, which is responsible for the low resistance contact.     

Multi-band spectra of odd and even nuclei of the s-d shell

The energy levels of^{21, 23}Na,^{22, 23}Ne,^{24, 28}Mg and^{25, 29}Al are obtained by mixing various bands using the projected deformed Hartree-Fock (DHF) method. Solutions having minimum energies are found to be prolate for all the nuclei considered here. Higher bands are obtained either by considering particle-hole excitations or oblate solutions. These various bands are mixed using the projection method and care has been taken to orthogonalize the bands. The interactions used in this study are those given by Kuo, Preedom-Wildenthal (PW) and WHMK interactions. The last one seems to give good results for most of the nuclei considered here. Not only are the lowest bands well-reproduced but the second lowest bands agree reasonably well in most nuclei. The third lowest ones obtained in some nuclei are not yet observed as complete bands. However, K obtained for the third band seems to be correct. A comparison with shell model calculations—which are numerically exhausting—shows similar results for the lowest band. However, the agreement of the second band varies from nucleus to nucleus. A comparison between matrix elements of the interactions is made to analyze the results.     

微波激励ArS2体系机理的探讨

采用ab initio MP2/6-31+G方法计算了ArS₂体系分析势能函数.并在此基础上, 对Ar+S₂的非反应动力学过程进行了研究.结果表明,Ar与S₂的结合 为很弱的物理吸附,其间没有化学键生成.在所计算的能量范围,Ar与S₂的动力 学过程主要是非弹性碰撞.通过对非弹性碰撞产物的分析,结果显示Ar原子对S₂ 基态(X³Σ^-_g 关键词： 2')" href="#">ArS₂ 分析势能函数 反应动力学 碰撞激发     

12C induced transfer reactions on 56Fe

Transfer reactions ⁵⁶Fe(¹²C, xN) have been investigated. Angular distributions of particles following elastic scattering, one neutron and one proton transfer reaction channels leading to low lying states in respective residual nuclei have been measured. These are analysed using the coupled reaction channel (CRC) formalism. Starting with a double folded real potential, the elastic scattering angular distribution is calculated using the computer code FRESCO. Inclusion of couplings to first excited states in both the target and the projectile already tends to describe the experimental elastic scattering distribution. Additional coupling of one neutron transfer reaction to first five excited states in ⁵⁵Fe and one proton transfer reaction to first three low lying states in ⁵⁷Co improves fit to the elastic scattering angular distribution. Further refinement in fit is brought about by addition of a weak imaginary potential to the complex potential calculated by ERESCO to simulate the absorption effects due to those channels whose coupling is not included explicitly. Such a potential describes the experimental angular distributions for elastic, one neutron and one proton transfer channels correctly in shape and magnitude without any arbitrary normalisation.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> study of the <Superscript>41</Superscript>Ar plume released from the Ignalina NPP

The ⁴¹Ar gamma ray radiation was registered using the in situ method in the vicinity of the Ignalina nuclear power plant (NPP). The sum of gamma rays, that are reaching the HPGe detector, situated along the wind direction, from a number of plume segments and which are registered in the energy range of about 1.29 MeV, is calculated. An independent technological regime of the operating reactor method of the determination of the ⁴¹Ar emission rate from NPP stack is introduced.