非线性弹性理论的混合能量形式广义变分原理

本文首先对弹性材料的应变能函数∑(E_ij)和余应能函数∑C(S_ij)的部分“对应”变量作Legendre变换,引进“对应”的混合余应变能函数∑_klC和混合应变能函数∑_kl。进而,给出非线性弹性理论的各种“对应”的混合能量形式广义变分原理。线性弹性理论也有相应结果,它是本文结果的特殊情况。     

Ritz-Galerkin approximations in blending function spaces

Summary This paper considers the theoretical development of finite dimensional bivariate blending function spaces and the problem of implementing the Ritz-Galerkin method in these approximation spaces. More specifically, the approximation theoretic methods of polynomial blending function interpolation and approximation developed in [2, 11–13] are extended to the general setting of L-splines, and these methods are then contrasted with familiar tensor product techniques in application of the Ritz-Galerkin method for approximately solving elliptic boundary value problems. The key to the application of blending function spaces in the Ritz-Galerkin method is the development of criteria which enable one to judiciously select from a nondenumerably infinite dimensional linear space of functions, certain finite dimensional subspaces which do not degrade the asymptotically high order approximation precision of the entire space. With these criteria for the selection of subspaces, we are able to derive a virtually unlimited number of new Ritz spaces which offer viable alternatives to the conventional tensor product piecewise polynomial spaces often employed. In fact, we shall see that tensor product spaces themselves are subspaces of blending function spaces; but these subspaces do not preserve the high order precision of the infinite dimensional parent space.Considerable attention is devoted to the analysis of several specific finite dimensional blending function spaces, solution of the discretized problems, choice of bases, ordering of unknowns, and concrete numerical examples. In addition, we extend these notations to boundary value problems defined on planar regions with curved boundaries.     

Reconstruction of linear functionals on classes of analytic functions of two variables on the basis of generalized information

For classes of analytic functions defined in terms of the two-dimensional Hadamard composition, we propose a renewal method for linear functionals based on blending constructions. The best renewal methods are indicated, and the exact estimates of errors are given.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 32–37, January, 1993.     

BOUNDARY PENALTY FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR BLENDING SURFACES,I BASIC THEORY

1.IntroductionBlendingsurfacesissaidifwhentwoframesurfaces(orbodies)arelocatedalreadyjasmoothlytransferringsurfaceissoughttoconnectthetwoframesurfacesalongcertainboundary.Usually,theterminology"smoothness"meansthattheblendingsurfacebelongstogeometriccontinuityCI(Foleyetal.(90)[14),i.e.,theblendingsurfaceanditstangentplanearecontinuousuntilthejointboundary.Manyliteraturesarereportedonthissubject.Wemerelymentionafewofthemrelevanttothispaper.Uniforml)Thi.workwassupportedbytheresearchgrantsfromt…     

二元混合连分式展开的混合差商极限方法

For a univariate function given by its Taylor series expansion,a continuedfraction expansion can be obtained with the Viscovatov's algorithm,as the limitingvalue of a Thiele interpolating continued fraction or by means of the determinantalformulas for inverse and reciprocal differences with coincident data points.In thispaper,both Viscovatov-like algorithms and Taylor-like expansions are incorporatedto yield bivariate blending continued expansions which are computed as the limitingvalue of bivariate blending rational interpolants,which are constructed based on sym-metric blending differences.Numerical examples are given to show the effectivenessof our methods.     

Boundary penalty finite element methods for blending surfaces,III. Superconvergence and stability and examples

This paper is Part III of the study on blending surfaces by partial differential equations (PDEs). The blending surfaces in three dimensions (3D) are taken into account by three parametric functions, x(r,t),y(r,t) and z(r,t). The boundary penalty techniques are well suited to the complicated tangent (i.e., normal derivative) boundary conditions in engineering blending. By following the previous papers, Parts I and II in Li (J. Comput. Math. 16 (1998) 457–480; J. Comput. Appl. Math. 110 (1999) 155–176) the corresponding theoretical analysis is made to discover that when the penalty power σ=2, σ=3 (or 3.5) and 0<σ⩽1.5 in the boundary penalty finite element methods (BP-FEMs), optimal convergence rates, superconvergence and optimal numerical stability can be achieved, respectively. Several interesting samples of 3D blending surfaces are provided, to display the remarkable advantages of the proposed approaches in this paper: unique solutions of blending surfaces, optimal blending surfaces in minimum energy, ease in handling the complicated boundary constraint conditions, and less CPU time and computer storage needed. This paper and Li (J. Comput. Math. 16 (1998) 457–480; J. Comput. Appl. Math.) provide a foundation of blending surfaces by PDE solutions, a new trend of computer geometric design.     

A class of piecewise interpolating functions based on barycentric coordinates

Piecewise interpolation methods, as spline or Hermite cubic interpolation methods, define the interpolant function by means of polynomial pieces and ensure that some regularity conditions are guaranteed at the break-points. In this work, we propose a novel class of piecewise interpolating functions whose expression depends on the barycentric coordinates and a suitable weight function. The underlying idea is to specialize to the 1D settings some aspects of techniques widely used in multi-dimensional interpolation, namely Shepard’s, barycentric and triangle-based blending methods. We show the properties of convergence for the interpolating functions and discuss how, in some cases, the properties of regularity that characterize the weight function are reflected on the interpolant function. Numerical experiments, applied to some case studies and real scenarios, show the benefit of our method compared to other interpolant models.     

Boundary penalty finite element methods for blending surfaces, . Superconvergence and stability and examples

This paper is Part III of the study on blending surfaces by partial differential equations (PDEs). The blending surfaces in three dimensions (3D) are taken into account by three parametric functions, x(r,t),y(r,t) and z(r,t). The boundary penalty techniques are well suited to the complicated tangent (i.e., normal derivative) boundary conditions in engineering blending. By following the previous papers, Parts I and II in Li (J. Comput. Math. 16 (1998) 457–480; J. Comput. Appl. Math. 110 (1999) 155–176) the corresponding theoretical analysis is made to discover that when the penalty power σ=2, σ=3 (or 3.5) and 0<σ1.5 in the boundary penalty finite element methods (BP-FEMs), optimal convergence rates, superconvergence and optimal numerical stability can be achieved, respectively. Several interesting samples of 3D blending surfaces are provided, to display the remarkable advantages of the proposed approaches in this paper: unique solutions of blending surfaces, optimal blending surfaces in minimum energy, ease in handling the complicated boundary constraint conditions, and less CPU time and computer storage needed. This paper and Li (J. Comput. Math. 16 (1998) 457–480; J. Comput. Appl. Math.) provide a foundation of blending surfaces by PDE solutions, a new trend of computer geometric design.     

成品油调合优化模型及其应用研究

为了提高炼油厂制定成品油调合方案的科学性。研究建立成品油调合优化问题的非线性规划模型。首先从不同的层次，分析提出炼油厂成品油调舍工作的三类优化问题；其次，研究给出三类成品油调合优化问题的非线性规划模型形式；再次，针对成品油调合优化模型形式的特点，提出相应的求解技术；最后，通过在某炼油厂的一个应用实例验证上述成品油调合优化模型的有效性。     

A Practical Application of Linear Programming in the Mining Industry

The paper describes the application of linear programming to the allocation of coking coals from twenty-eight collieries to seven central washeries and blending plants in one N.C.B. area. The problem, which is of the simplex type, is reduced to the transportation form. Some details are given of the production method, implementation of the linear programming model and the follow-up.     

On Trigonometric Blending Interpolation and Cubature Formulae

We discuss error representations for Hermite-Lagrange trigonometric interpolation introduced in Dryanov and Petrov (Interpolation and L ₁-approximation by trigonometric polynomials and blending functions, J. Approx. Theory 164, 1049–1064 (2012)) and obtain one-sided trigonometric quadratures for approximate integration of one-dimensional integrals. Next, we study error representations of multivariate Hermite-Lagrange transfinite trigonometric interpolation and derive one-sided trigonometric blending interpolants to multivariate functions, under some restrictions. Then, we construct one-sided transfinite cubature formulae for approximate integration of multivariate integrals. We construct also cubature formulae with positive coefficients, based on line integrals and exact in a vector space of trigonometric blending functions with prescribed order.     

A sinusoidal polynomial spline and its Bezier blended interpolant

Functional polynomials composed of sinusoidal functions are introduced as basis functions to construct an interpolatory spline. An interpolant constructed in this way does not require solving a system of linear equations as many approaches do. However there are vanishing tangent vectors at the interpolating points. By blending with a Bezier curve using the data points as the control points, the blended curve is a proper smooth interpolant. The blending factor has the effect similar to the “tension” control of tension splines. Piecewise interpolants can be constructed in an analogous way as a connection of Bezier curve segments to achieve C¹ continuity at the connecting points. Smooth interpolating surface patches can also be defined by blending sinusoidal polynomial tensor surfaces and Bezier tensor surfaces. The interpolant can very efficiently be evaluated by tabulating the sinusoidal function.     

On a quadratic functional occurring in a bivariate scattered data interpolation problem

Sunto L’applicazione di noti metodi che utilizzano funzioni di tipo blending per la costruzione di funzioni bivariate C¹ per l’interpolazione di dati, richiede la conoscenza delle derivate parziali del primo ordine ai vertici di una triangolazione sottostante. In questo lavoro consideriamo il metodo proposto da Nielson, che consiste nel calcolare stime delle derivate parziali del primo ordine minimizzando un opportuno funzionale quadratico, caratterizzato da parametri di tensione non negativi. Scopo del lavoro è l’analisi di alcune proprietà particolari di questo funzionale per la costruzione di algoritmi efficienti e robusti per la determinazione delle stime suddette delle derivate quando si ha a che fare con insiemi di dati di grandi dimensioni. Abstract The application of widely known blending methods for constructingC ¹ bivariate functions interpolating scattered data requires the knowledge of the partial derivatives of first order at the vertices of an underlying triangulation. In this paper we consider the method proposed by Nielson that consists in computing estimates of the first order partial derivatives by minimizing an appropriate quadratic functional, characterized by nonnegative tension parameters. The aim of the paper is to analyse some peculiar properties of this functional in order to construct robust and efficient algorithms for determining the above estimates of the derivatives when we are concerned with extremely large data sets.      

曲边三角形及曲边四边形上的混合函数插值格式

一、引言 二元函数在标准三角形上的混合函数插值格式在许多文献,例如,Birkhofft,Barnhill,Gordon及Gregory等的文章中都有讨论。在三角形周边上对高阶偏导数进行插值,而且计算比较简单的是J.A.Gregory的文章中所给出的一种混合函数插值格式。这种格式是由简单函数的线性组合所构成的,而且格式是对称的,因此计算比较简便。但是J.A.Gregory只是对直边三角形给出了格式。本文企图推广Gregory的格式,给出曲边三角形上对高阶偏导数进行插值的插值格式。我们还进一步给出了曲边四边形上     

非线性对流扩散方程的UNO-MMOCAA差分方法

本文把MMOCAA差分方法与UNO插值相结合，提出了求解对流占优扩散问题的UN0—MMOCAA差分方法，它避免了基于高次(≥2)Lagrange插值的MMOCAA差分方法在方程解的陡峭前沿附近产生的振荡．本文通过引入辅助插值算于等方法，给出了非线性UNO—MMOCAA差分格式的误差分析．数值例子表明新格式无振荡。     

基于参数连续HC Bézier-like曲线的过渡曲线的构造

在形状调配过程中,过渡曲线的连续性往往是很难保证的.给出HC Bézier-like曲线的定义,然后从过渡曲线满足一定连续性的角度出发,利用HC Bézier-like曲线的端点性质,研究形状参数曲线的参数连续特征保持问题.给出线性混合过程中,一阶和二阶参数连续保持条件,从而得出一般的HC Bézier-like曲线在...     

Conceptual blending: Student reasoning when proving “conditional implies conditional” statements

Conceptual blending describes how humans condense information, combining it in novel ways. The blending process may create global insight or new detailed connections, but it may also result in a loss of information, causing confusion. In this paper, we describe the proof writing process of a group of four students in a university geometry course proving a statement of the form conditional implies conditional, i.e., (p → q) ⇒ (r → s). We use blending theory to provide insight into three diverse questions relevant for proof writing: (1) Where do key ideas for proofs come from?, (2) How do students structure their proofs and combine those structures with their more intuitive ideas?, and (3) How are students reasoning when they fail to keep track of the implication structure of the statements that they are using? We also use blending theory to describe the evolution of the students’ proof writing process through four episodes each described by a primary blend.     

Coal blending models for optimum cokemaking and blast furnace operation

An important problem at an integrated steel-producing plant is the blending of different types of coals to make coke for the blast furnace operation. Historically, linear blending models were not appropriate because coal properties important for both optimum cokemaking and blast furnace operation do not combine linearly and are not completely understood. In this paper, a solution methodology is developed that utilizes two techniques: (1) a mixed integer linear programming model for blending the candidate coals to produce coke at a minimum cost and (2) binary decision tree analyses and results that are converted into model constraints to ensure the production of high-quality coke. Subsequently, the model results are used at the pilot-scale oven for testing and for validating the new, improved blend(s) that have been recommended by the model. This is an on-going need that is dictated by changing availabilities in both coal prices and sources. These steps reduce costs by both minimizing the number of blends to be tested at the pilot-scale facility and ensuring a minimum cost coal blend that is useable for the operating facilities. Hypothetical, but realistic, data are used to illustrate how the model performs.     

保持几何连续性的曲线形状调配

在形状调配过程中,中间过渡曲线的几何连续性往往是不能保证的,本文从平衡调整的角度出发,利用Bezier曲线的边界性质,研究性质调配中曲线的几何连续特征保持问题,着重讨论了线性混合过程中,一阶和二阶几何连续保持条件及相应解决办法;并对n阶情况提出平衡化几何连续条件,从而得出一般的Bezier曲线在形状调配中几何连续的保持方法,此方法适用于计算机动画和工业造型设计。     

隐式代数曲面拼接

证明了两个轴线异面的圆柱面在与轴线斜交的平行平面截口处若干种情形不存在GC1拼接曲面.