Degenerate Bernoulli polynomials, generalized factorial sums, and their applications

We prove a general symmetric identity involving the degenerate Bernoulli polynomials and sums of generalized falling factorials, which unifies several known identities for Bernoulli and degenerate Bernoulli numbers and polynomials. We use this identity to describe some combinatorial relations between these polynomials and generalized factorial sums. As further applications we derive several identities, recurrences, and congruences involving the Bernoulli numbers, degenerate Bernoulli numbers, generalized factorial sums, Stirling numbers of the first kind, Bernoulli numbers of higher order, and Bernoulli numbers of the second kind.     

Peters type polynomials and numbers and their generating functions: Approach with p‐adic integral method

The aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate some of the primary generalizations and unifications of the Peters polynomials and numbers by means of convenient generating functions and p‐adic integrals method. Various fundamental properties of these polynomials and numbers involving some explicit series and integral representations in terms of the generalized Stirling numbers, generalized harmonic sums, and some well‐known special numbers and polynomials are presented. By using p‐adic integrals, we construct generating functions for Peters type polynomials and numbers (Apostol‐type Peters numbers and polynomials). By using these functions with their partial derivative eqautions and functional equations, we derive many properties, relations, explicit formulas, and identities including the Apostol‐Bernoulli polynomials, the Apostol‐Euler polynomials, the Boole polynomials, the Bernoulli polynomials, and numbers of the second kind, generalized harmonic sums. A brief revealing and historical information for the Peters type polynomials are given. Some of the formulas given in this article are given critiques and comments between previously well‐known formulas. Finally, two open problems for interpolation functions for Apostol‐type Peters numbers and polynomials are revealed.     

Riordan阵与含有Genocchi数的一些恒等式

In this paper, using generating functions and Riordan arrays, we get some identities relating Genocchi numbers with Stirling numbers and Cauchy numbers.     

Computation methods for combinatorial sums and Euler‐type numbers related to new families of numbers

The aim of this article is to define some new families of the special numbers. These numbers provide some further motivation for computation of combinatorial sums involving binomial coefficients and the Euler kind numbers of negative order. We can show that these numbers are related to the well‐known numbers and polynomials such as the Stirling numbers of the second kind and the central factorial numbers, the array polynomials, the rook numbers and polynomials, the Bernstein basis functions and others. In order to derive our new identities and relations for these numbers, we use a technique including the generating functions and functional equations. Finally, we give not only a computational algorithm for these numbers but also some numerical values of these numbers and the Euler numbers of negative order with tables. We also give some combinatorial interpretations of our new numbers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Cauchy numbers

We study many properties of Cauchy numbers in terms of generating functions and Riordan arrays and find several new identities relating these numbers with Stirling, Bernoulli and harmonic numbers. We also reconsider the Laplace summation formula showing some applications involving the Cauchy numbers.     

Identities via Bell matrix and Fibonacci matrix

In this paper, we study the relations between the Bell matrix and the Fibonacci matrix, which provide a unified approach to some lower triangular matrices, such as the Stirling matrices of both kinds, the Lah matrix, and the generalized Pascal matrix. To make the results more general, the discussion is also extended to the generalized Fibonacci numbers and the corresponding matrix. Moreover, based on the matrix representations, various identities are derived.     

一些包含Chebyshev多项式和Stirling数的恒等式

利用初等方法研究Chebyshev多项式的性质,建立了广义第二类Chebyshev多项式的一个显明公式,并得到了一些包含第一类Chebyshev多项式,第一类Stirling数和Lucas数的恒等式.     

New convolutions for complete and elementary symmetric functions

In this paper, we give new relationships between complete and elementary symmetric functions. These results can be used to discover and prove some identities involving r-Whitney numbers, Jacobi–Stirling numbers, Bernoulli numbers and other numbers that are specializations of complete and elementary symmetric functions.     

Generalized harmonic numbers with Riordan arrays

By observing that the infinite triangle obtained from some generalized harmonic numbers follows a Riordan array, we obtain very simple connections between the Stirling numbers of both kinds and other generalized harmonic numbers. Further, we suggest that Riordan arrays associated with such generalized harmonic numbers allow us to find new generating functions of many combinatorial sums and many generalized harmonic number identities.     

Riordan阵的差分性质及其应用

本文考虑了Riordan阵的差分性质, 并给出一些涉及经典组合序列的差分恒等式, 包括广义Stirling数, 第一类和第二类Stirling数, 第一类和第二类B型Stirling数以及Gegenbauer-Humbert型多项式.     

Riordan arrays and r-Stirling number identities

By using the theory of Riordan arrays, we establish four pairs of general r-Stirling number identities, which reduce to various identities on harmonic numbers, hyperharmonic numbers, the Stirling numbers of the first and second kind, the r-Stirling numbers of the first and second kind, and the r-Lah numbers. We further discuss briefly the connections between the r-Stirling numbers and the Cauchy numbers, the generalized hyperharmonic numbers, and the poly-Bernoulli polynomials. Many known identities are shown to be special cases of our results, and the combinatorial interpretations of several particular identities are also presented as supplements.     

Generalized higher order Bernoulli number pairs and generalized Stirling number pairs

From a delta series f(t) and its compositional inverse g(t), Hsu defined the generalized Stirling number pair . In this paper, we further define from f(t) and g(t) the generalized higher order Bernoulli number pair . Making use of the Bell polynomials, the potential polynomials as well as the Lagrange inversion formula, we give some explicit expressions and recurrences of the generalized higher order Bernoulli numbers, present the relations between the generalized higher order Bernoulli numbers of both kinds and the corresponding generalized Stirling numbers of both kinds, and study the relations between any two generalized higher order Bernoulli numbers. Moreover, we apply the general results to some special number pairs and obtain series of combinatorial identities. It can be found that the introduction of generalized Bernoulli number pair and generalized Stirling number pair provides a unified approach to lots of sequences in mathematics, and as a consequence, many known results are special cases of ours.     

Stirling numbers and integer partitions

In this paper, we prove that the Stirling numbers of both kinds can be written as sums over integer partitions. As corollaries, we rewrite some identities with Stirling numbers of both kinds without Stirling numbers.     

Shortened recurrence relations for Bernoulli numbers

Starting with two little-known results of Saalschütz, we derive a number of general recurrence relations for Bernoulli numbers. These relations involve an arbitrarily small number of terms and have Stirling numbers of both kinds as coefficients. As special cases we obtain explicit formulas for Bernoulli numbers, as well as several known identities.     

Applications of an Explicit Formula for the Generalized Euler Numbers

The authors establish an explicit formula for the generalized Euler NumbersE2n^（x）, and obtain some identities and congruences involving the higher＇order Euler numbers, Stirling numbers, the central factorial numbers and the values of the Riemann zeta-function.     

A generalization of generalized Fibonacci and generalized Pell numbers

This paper is concerned with developing a new class of generalized numbers. The main advantage of this class is that it generalizes the two classes of generalized Fibonacci numbers and generalized Pell numbers. Some new identities involving these generalized numbers are obtained. In addition, the two well-known identities of Sury and Marques which are recently developed are deduced as special cases. Moreover, some other interesting identities involving the celebrated Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell and Pell–Lucas numbers are also deduced.     

Explicit Formulas and Combinatorial Identities for Generalized Stirling Numbers

In this paper, a modified approach to the multiparameter non-central Stirling numbers via differential operators, introduced by El-Desouky, and new explicit formulae of both kinds of these numbers are given. Also, some relations between these numbers and the generalized Hermite and Truesdel polynomials are obtained. Moreover, we investigate some new results for the generalized Stirling-type pair of Hsu and Shiue. Furthermore some interesting special cases, new combinatorial identities and a matrix representation are deduced.     

An explicit formula for generalized potential polynomials and its applications

We define the generalized potential polynomials associated to an independent variable, and prove an explicit formula involving the generalized potential polynomials and the exponential Bell polynomials. We use this formula to describe closed type formulas for the higher order Bernoulli, Eulerian, Euler, Genocchi, Apostol-Bernoulli, Apostol-Euler polynomials and the polynomials involving the Stirling numbers of the second kind. As further applications, we derive several known identities involving the Bernoulli numbers and polynomials and Euler polynomials, and new relations for the higher order tangent numbers, the higher order Bernoulli numbers of the second kind, the numbers , the higher order Bernoulli numbers and polynomials and the higher order Euler polynomials and their coefficients.     

涉及Euler数、Bernoulli数和推广的第一类Stirling数的一些恒等式

利用递推关系把文［１］、［２］中的有关结论推广到一般情形，建立起涉及Ｅｕ－ｌｅｒ数、Ｂｅｒｎｏｕｌｉ数和推广的第一类Ｓｔｉｒｌｉｎｇ数的一些恒等式．     

Several polynomials associated with the harmonic numbers

We develop polynomials in z∈C for which some generalized harmonic numbers are special cases at z=0. By using the Riordan array method, we explore interesting relationships between these polynomials, the generalized Stirling polynomials, the Bernoulli polynomials, the Cauchy polynomials and the Nörlund polynomials.