L-模糊自然数的乘法运算和幂运算

在L是完全分配格时,定义了L-模糊自然数的乘法运算和幂运算,研究了乘法运算、幂运算的交换律、结合律以及乘法对加法的分配律等性质。     

从集合运算的分配律谈起

<正>1集合的分配律集合的交运算和并运算满足分配律(文[1]):分配律1A∩(B∪C)=(A∩B)∪(A∩C)(1)分配律2A∪(B∩C)=(A∪B)∩(A∪C)(2)我们要说明上述两个等式,可以先画出3个集合的文氏图,标出式子两端集合所代表的区域,根据交、并运算定义,其中A∩(B∪C),(A∩B)∪(A∩C)都代表图1中深色区域,所以分配律1成立．     

Fuzzy最大—星合成传递闭包

本文详细讨论了Fuzzy最大-星合成传递闭包。L.A.Zadeh指出:“*”(读作星)运算在满足非递减单调性和可结合性的条件下,最大—星合成满足结合律。本文证明了在参考集是有限集的情况下,上述论断成立,在考参集是无限集的情况下,结合律不成立。另外,进一步证明了,即使最大—星合成满足结合律及关于并的分配律等,也不能保证关于传递闭包的某些重要定理能够成立。除满足上述两个条件外,本文在给出另外两个条件之后,证明了结合律及[3]中定理关于最大-星合成均成立。     

运用乘法分配律解题例析

同学们在进行有理数的乘法运算时,若能根据算式的特点,灵活地运用乘法分配律,可以提高运算能力和计算的准确性.现将运用乘法分配律解题的几种类型归纳如下,供同学们学习时参考.一、直接运用     

基于树的最小乘积模糊集代数

给出Σ-代数、Σ-树和Σ-树函数的定义.引入了最小乘积模糊集代数,以此研究了一类特定形式的Σ-树.讨论了线性正规等式下的等价类的封闭性,证明了Σ-运算满足分配律并具有保序性.     

闭无爪图在圈闭包运算下哈密尔顿指数的稳定性

无爪图在闭包运算下,其哈密尔顿指数是稳定的.近来Broersma等又提出了无爪图闭包的加强定义一圈闭包.本文主要证明闭无爪图G在圈闭包运算下.其哈密尔顿指数是稳定的.     

整体建构,用高质量问题驱动学程——以“幂的运算性质”单元教学为例

幂的运算性质是整式乘法起始阶段的重要内容,由于教材上将同底数幂的运算性质、积的乘方分开编排,所以相关版本的教辅资料上也照此分割课时,造成几种幂的运算性质在教学时较孤立,学生学习幂的运算性质缺少整体观.基于上述理解,我们在最近一次教研活动中,"学材再建构"(著名特级教师李庾南语),从乘方运算出发,引导学生探究归纳出同底数幂的运算性质,再进一步借用乘方的意义生成幂的乘方、积的乘方,取得了较好的教学效果.本文先梳理该课教学活动,并阐释教学立意,供研讨.     

幂等布尔矩阵的性质及构造研究

本文讨论了幂等布尔矩阵的性质及构造。首先,在研究布尔矩阵性质的基础上,给出了布尔矩阵幂等的充要条件和基于集合并运算的布尔矩阵平方的计算方法。其次,证明了(i,X)型极大传递矩阵是幂等的。最后,给出了自反幂等布尔矩阵的构造方法。     

学会逆向运用『幂的运算性质』

幂的运算有四个性质,即同底数幂的乘法性质、幂的乘方性质、积的乘方性质和同底数幂的除法性质.它们是整式乘法的基础和主要依据,四个运算性质反过来也是成立的,在解题时能正反灵活地运用幂的运算性质,会给解题带来很大的帮助. 一、同底数幂的乘法公式的逆向运用 逆用同底数幂的乘法法则,可以把一个幂分解成两个(或两个以上)同底数幂的积.用式子表示为:am+n=am·an(m,n都是正整数).其中,拆分所得的(两个或两个以上)同底数幂的底数与原来幂的底数相同,指数之和等于原来幂的指数.     

分式混合运算的整数幂形式

<正>同学们在学习分式之前,已经学习过正整数指数幂和零指数幂,同时还学习了5条运算性质,其中对于同底数幂的除法,要求被除式大于除式的指数.在本章引入负整数指数幂以后,整数指数幂的5条运算性质,实际上可以转化为3条.关键是负整数指数幂可以使除法转化为乘法,商转化为积.但是本章对于负整数指数幂的应用仅限于简单的运算,     

Characterization of types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses

We give a characterization of the types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses in the case of hypothetical measures that are not, in general, mutually absolutely continuous. The case when the logarithm of the likelihood ratio admits an asymptotic expansion of the type of an expansion with local asymptotic normality is examined in detail. Examples are studied.Translated fromTeoriya Sluchainykh Protsessov, Vol. 15, pp. 64–71, 1987.     

Study of the blow-up of solutions of systems of equations of hydrodynamic type

Mathematical Notes - We study the initial boundary-value problem for three-dimensional systems of equations of pseudoparabolic type. The system is similar to the Oskolkov system, but differs from...     

Singularities of Solutions of One Class of Equations of Continuum Mechanics

We analyze one class of families of integral equations and describe the dependence of the singularities of solutions of integral equations on the dimensions of the families of kernels of equations. On the basis of these results, we propose procedures for the construction of approximate solutions for a small parameter.     

Determination of asymptotic solutions of problems of nonlinear theories of thermoviscoelasticity

It is shown that the asymptotic solution of a problem of the nonlinear theory of thermoviscoelasticity, if it exists, can be found directly from the solution of the asymptotic boundary-value problem without completely solving the starting problem.M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 3, pp. 395–400, May–June, 1976.     

Emptiness of set of points of lower semicontinuity of Lyapunov exponents

We consider parametric families of differential systems with coefficients that are bounded and continuous on the half-line and uniformly in time continuously depend on a real parameter. For each Lyapunov exponent, we construct a family such that the Lyapunov exponent of its systems treated as a function of the parameter is not a lower semicontinuous function for any value of the parameter.     

图表示范畴的两个子范畴

引进图表示范畴的两个子范畴,研究它们的同调性质。     

Distribution of types of symmetry of tensors of high degree

The asymptotic distribution of tensors of degree N in symmetry types is studied in this paper.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 155, pp. 181–186, 1986.     

Properties of operators of extension and contraction of ideals of algebras of invariants of reductive groups in positive characteristic

V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Funktsional'nyi Analiz i Ego Prilozheniya, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 53–61, October–December, 1991.