基于变差理论的利率基准性已实现波动分析

从利率波动状况的角度,利用变差理论,对我国的三种利率体系短期利率的波动状况进行研究并分离出利率的跳跃过程。结果表明相对Libor美元报价利率的波动性,我国的利率短期品种波动性表现较为剧烈,跳跃现象频繁,这三种利率体系尚不能完全独立地作为我国货币市场的基准利率。但作为定价基准,回购定盘利率更适合做隔夜和一周的参考利率,Shibor一月期限的拆借利率要优于Chibor的一月拆借利率。本文结论有利于市场主体选择金融资产收益率的定价标准以及衡量国内利率体系的合理性。     

基于预期理论的Shibor期限结构实证研究

本文基于利率期限结构预期理论对我国的Shibor市场进行了实证研究。本文回顾了利率期限结构预期理论的三种检验方法,通过单位根检验发现Shibor短端利率平稳、中长端利率存在单位根,并分别运用线性回归法、向量自回归法和协整检验法对Shibor整体、短端利率和中长端利率相应进行了实证检验,得出Shibor无论整体上还是短端利率或中长端利率都不支持预期理论成立的结论,并通过分析得出启示:Shibor应注重中长端利率的发展和报价制度的完善。     

基于STR模型的人民币利率汇率联动研究

在利率平价理论框架下,根据我国1999年1月—2011年9月的经验数据,应用平滑转换模型研究人民币利率和汇率之间的联动关系.实证分析结果发现:人民币利率和汇率之间的联动具有非线性和不对称特征.当国外利率低于阈值水平时,汇率水平变动对利率的影响程度较大;当国外利率水平低于阈值水平时,汇率水平变动对利率的影响程度较小;当国外利率水平处于阈值水平附近时,汇率水平变动对利率的影响将在两个机制之间平滑转换,并且机制转换速度非常快.     

基于模糊厌恶视角的最优固定利率与可变利率贷款组合决策行为研究

分析具有对边际融资成本不确定性存在模糊信念的竞争性商业银行的最优固定利率与可变利率贷款组合决策行为.采用银行的期望收益的正斜率和凹函数表示其模糊厌恶偏好.导出银行可变利率贷款占优于固定利率贷款的条件.表明,如果银行可以同时做出固定利率贷款和可变利率贷款组合决策,那么两类贷款的总额既不取决于银行的模糊厌恶偏好,也不取决于融资成本的不确定性风险.结论指出,银行的模糊厌恶成度的增加将引起其对企业发放更少固定利率贷款和更多可变利率贷款.因此,银行的模糊厌恶偏好在对企业的固定利率和可变利率贷款组合的最优决策行为中起着至关重要的作用.     

人民币利率互换中风险的市场价格

为研究人民币利率互换市场中流动性风险和违约风险的市场价格,运用三因子广义高斯仿射模型,同时对人民币国债市场利率、银行间质押式回购市场利率和利率互换市场利率进行模拟,并采用极大似然估计方法估计众多参数。结果发现,在目前的人民币利率互换定价过程中,流动性要素相对违约要素更加重要,市场给予流动性风险以显著的风险溢价。如采用互换利差定价法为人民币利率互换定价的话,可以以回购利率作为基准,在此基础上考虑信用风险来进行。     

有限状态多期模型下的最小熵等价鞅测度及其应用

采用有限状态多期模型描述股票价格变动过程,导出了有红利支付情形下的最小熵等价鞅测度,给出了股票价格变动趋势的风险中性预期与红利率和无风险利率之间相对大小的关系,从理论上证明了无风险利率大于股票红利率时,市场将呈现出一种向上的风险中性趋势;无风险利率小于股票红利率时,市场将呈现出一种向下的风险中性趋势;无风险利率等于红利率时,股票价格将围绕初始价格上下波动而没有明显的风险中性趋势.     

随机利率下的PPP项目实物期权评价研究

PPP项目通常实施周期长,风险突出。传统的实物期权评价方法考虑了未来的不确定性和管理者柔性的价值,但是一般假设无风险利率是固定的,不符合利率长期内波动的特点,会造成投资者决策失误。本文考虑了未来无风险利率波动条件下,PPP项目中实物期权的价值。首先分析了PPP项目中通常存在的期权形式,其次研究了无风险利率三角逆变函数以及在此基础上得出模拟实物期权模型,并用案例对比分析固定利率和随机利率下的期权价值。结果显示,随机利率比固定利率下的期权价值更高,研究结论可以为PPP项目的投资者进行决策提供重要依据。     

基于动态利率风险免疫的银行资产负债优化模型

本文以CIR动态久期缺口的免疫条件为约束进行多资产和多负债的利率风险控制,通过建立线性规划模型来进行银行资产的最优配置。本文的创新与特色:一是通过引进随时间变化的动态利率久期参数构造利率风险控制条件,建立了控制利率风险的资产负债优化模型。改变了现有研究忽略利率动态变化、进而忽略平均久期动态变化的弊端。事实上,利率的动态变化必然引起平均久期的变动,忽略利率变动的控制条件是无法高精度地控制资产配置的利率风险的。二是通过以银行资产收益最大为目标函数,以动态利率久期缺口免疫为主要约束条件,辅以监管的流动性约束匹配银行的资产负债,回避了利率风险对银行所有者权益的影响,避免了利率变动对银行资产所有者带来的损害。     

利率与住房价格关系的实证研究:2000-2014

从实证的角度分析利率与住房价格关系,利用我国2000至2014年利率和住房价格指标的季度数据,运用协整检验和Granger因果检验分析方法.研究结果表明:基准利率与住房价格呈弱正相关性,考虑通货膨胀后的实际利率与住房价格呈弱负相关性;实际利率可以解释住房价格波动的56%;实际利率对住房价格的影响具有明显的时间滞后性,且体现在中长期内,而无论长期还是短期,住房价格都不会影响实际利率的变化.由此给出的政策建议是:深化利率市场化改革;保持利率政策的一致性和连续性;加强利率政策行业分类指导和调控.     

随机利率下期权定价

本文在随机利率的基础上,考虑股票价格过程和利率过程分别为扩散过程和Ito过程,并且在相关的假设下,运用鞅方法推导出欧式期权价值过程所满足的微分方程;以及利率满足一种特殊方程时,运用最优停止的鞅方法,得到了随机利率下美式期权的价格和最优停时.     

Valuation of interest rate ceiling and floor in uncertain financial market

The interest rate ceiling and floor are the popular interest rate derivatives in a financial market. In this paper, the valuation of interest rate ceiling and floor is investigated by using uncertainty theory. Different from the classical stochastic interest rate models, the uncertain interest rate model is used in this paper as the basis of evaluating the interest rate ceiling and floor. Based on the assumption that the short interest rate follows uncertain differential equations, the price formulas of interest rate ceiling and floor are derived.     

Rate‐independent processes in viscous solids at small strains

The so‐called generalized standard solids (of Halphen–Nguyen type) involving also activated typically rate‐independent processes such as plasticity, damage, or phase transformations are described as a system of a momentum equilibrium equation and a variational inequality for inelastic evolution of internal‐parameter variables. Various definitions of solutions are examined, especially from the viewpoint of the ability to combine rate‐independent processes and other rate‐dependent phenomena, as viscosity or also inertia. If those rate‐dependent phenomena are suppressed, then the system becomes fully rate‐independent. Illustrative examples are presented as well. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A vector multivariate hazard rate

A vector definition of multivariate hazard rate, and associated definitions of increasing and decreasing multivariate hazard rate distributions are presented. Consequences of these definitions are worked out in a number of special cases. Relationships between hazard rate and orthant dependence are established.     

An inventory model for ameliorating/deteriorating items with trapezoidal demand and complete backlogging under inflation and time discounting

Recently, numerous inventory models were developed for ameliorating items (say, fish, ducklings, chicken, etc.) considering the constant demand rate. However, such types of problems are not useful in the real market. The demand rate of ameliorating items is fluctuates in their life‐period. The consumption and demand of ameliorating items are not generally steady. In a few seasons, the demand rate increases; ordinarily, it is static, and sometimes, it declines. With the outcome that their demand rate can be properly portrayed by a trapezoidal‐type. In the proposed model, an inventory model for ameliorating/deteriorating items are considered with inflationary condition and time discounting rate. Additionally, having shortages that is completely backlogged. The demand rate is taken as the continuous trapezoidal‐type function of time. The amelioration and deterioration rate are considered as Weibull distribution. To obtain the minimum cost, mathematical formulation of the proposed model with solution procedure is talked about. Numerical cases are given to be checked the optimal solution. Additionally, we have talked about the convexity of the proposed model through graphically. Conclusion with future worked are clarified appropriately. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Rich dynamic of a stage-structured prey–predator model with cannibalism and periodic attacking rate

The dynamic behavior of a stage-structure prey–predator model with cannibalism for prey and periodic attacking rate for predator is investigated. Firstly, the permanence, locally and globally asymptotic stability analyses of the model with constant attacking rate are explored. After that, sufficient conditions for the permanence of the corresponding nonautonomous system with periodic attacking rate are obtained. Furthermore, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effects of periodic attacking rate. Simulation results show that the system with periodic attacking rate shows a rich behaviors, including period-doubling and period-having bifurcations, chaos and windows of periodicity.     

可持续的中国城乡居民养老保险体系数学模型

本文从我国现行养老金政策出发,利用灰关联分析得到养老金收支的影响因素的排序,建立中国城乡居民养老金收支模型.然后利用Logistic人口预测模型估计出不同替代率下2013-2035未来23年我国养老金缺口,并利用仿真方法算出保证我国养老保险体系的可持续性的替代率的合理区间为50%-70%.进一步分析影响替代率各因素的灵敏性,并考虑延迟退休、做实个人账户以及市场化投资等因素对模型进行改进.最后以养老金替代率为切入点,对退休年龄等模型参数的调整和有关措施进行了分析与评价.     

A depletion of assets model of organizational learning*

This research investigates how population heterogeneity with respect to initial assets affects the rate of failure (or change) of organizations and social relationships. Organizations and social relationships are assumed to be endowed with initial assets which buffer against initial risks of failure. Failure is seen as the outcome of a process in which the assets are depleted and finally become exhausted. The core idea is that the assets of a unit become depleted through learning experiences which incur search costs and setbacks. Two settings are explored: A constant rate of depletion, and a declining rate of depletion of assets. The study explores additionally how the distribution of initial assets affects the failure rate of the population. It is found that the type of distribution of initial assets has a strong impact on the time dependence of the failure rate. A Normal distribution of initial assets leads to positive time dependence if the depletion rate is constant, and to negative time dependence if the depletion rate declines. The results show that population heterogeneity with respect to initial assets has effects on the time dependence of failure rates which are quite different from the popular case of population heterogeneity with respect to fit.     

基于VECM-MGARCH模型的人民币汇率与牛熊股市关系研究

2005年以来人民币汇率均处于升值过程,而股市却经历了牛、熊市的历程.本文基于VECM-MGARCH模型实证研究了人民币汇率与我国股市处于牛、熊市期间二者之间的动态关系,结果发现,汇率和股价之间不存在线性的相互影响关系.就波动性而言,股市处于牛市期间,二者之间存在相互影响关系;熊市期间,这种非线性关系消失.人民币升值预期的减弱及股市的下跌是导致二者关系变化的主要原因.     

无失效数据情形失效率的综合E-Bayes估计

给出了无失效数据情形失效率的E-Bayes估计和引进失效信息后的E-Bayes估计,并在此基础上给出了失效率和可靠度的综合E-Bayes估计。最后,结合实际问题进行了计算,对估计结果进行了分析,并将它们与未假定先验信息时的非Bayes置信限进行比较,结果表明该方法是合理的。     

广义连续统场论中新的增率型功率和能率原理

目的是建立广义连续统场论的增率型功率和能率原理.通过组合具有交叉项的增率型虚速度和虚角度原理以及虚应力和虚偶应力原理提出了微极连续统场论中具有交叉项的增率型功率和能率原理,并借助广义Piola定理同时而且无需其它附加要求地推导出微极和非局部微极连续统场论的所有增率型运动方程和边界条件以及能率方程.类似地可以推导出微态连续统的相应结果.文中给出的结果是新的,并可作为建立广义连续统力学相关的增率型有限元方法的理论基础.