The β-space property in monotonically normal spaces and GO-spaces

In this paper we examine the role of the β-space property (equivalently of the MCM-property) in generalized ordered (GO-)spaces and, more generally, in monotonically normal spaces. We show that a GO-space is metrizable iff it is a β-space with a Gδ-diagonal and iff it is a quasi-developable β-space. That last assertion is a corollary of a general theorem that any β-space with a σ-point-finite base must be developable. We use a theorem of Balogh and Rudin to show that any monotonically normal space that is hereditarily monotonically countably metacompact (equivalently, hereditarily a β-space) must be hereditarily paracompact, and that any generalized ordered space that is perfect and hereditarily a β-space must be metrizable. We include an appendix on non-Archimedean spaces in which we prove various results announced without proof by Nyikos.     

On the Shadowing Property and Shadowable Point of Set-valued Dynamical Systems

In this article, the authors introduce the concept of shadowable points for set-valued dynamical systems, the pointwise version of the shadowing property, and prove that a set-valued dynamical system has the shadowing property iff every point in the phase space is shadowable; every chain transitive set-valued dynamical system has either the shadowing property or no shadowable points; and for a set-valued dynamical system there exists a shadowable point iff there exists a minimal shadowable point. In the end, it is proved that a set-valued dynamical system with the shadowing property is totally transitive iff it is mixing and iff it has the specification property.     

环上的拓扑和偏序

在环R上引入了拓扑O[R]和偏序≤R,证明了(R,O[R])是可分的,第一可数的局部紧空间,并得出了如下结论:(1)(R*,O*[R])是T1的当且仅当O*[R]是离散的当且仅当R中的任一元r满足r=r2=-r;(2)若(R,O[R])是T0的,则U∈O[R]当且仅当U=↓U;(3)若R是伪有限的且对任意r都有〈r〉>2,则(R,≤R)是代数Domain;(4)若环R的特征数chR为2,则R是伪有限的当且仅当Rop是代数Domain。     

The approximation property for spaces of holomorphic functions on infinite-dimensional spaces I

For an open subset U of a locally convex space E, let (H(U),τ₀) denote the vector space of all holomorphic functions on U, with the compact-open topology. If E is a separable Fréchet space with the bounded approximation property, or if E is a (DFC)-space with the approximation property, we show that (H(U),τ₀) has the approximation property for every open subset U of E. These theorems extend classical results of Aron and Schottenloher. As applications of these approximation theorems we characterize the spectra of certain topological algebras of holomorphic mappings with values in a Banach algebra.     

On Products of Property b1

In this note,we present that:(1)Let X=σ{Xα:α∈A} be|A|-paracompact (resp.,hereditarily |A|-paracompact).If every finite subproduct of {Xα:α∈A} has property b1 (resp.,hereditarily property b1),then so is X.(2) Let X be a P-space and Y a metric space.Then,X×Y has property b1 iff X has property b1.(3) Let X be a strongly zero-dimensional and compact space.Then,X×Y has property b1 iff Y has property b1.     

Strongly continuous posets and the local Scott topology

In this paper, the concept of strongly continuous posets (SC-posets, for short) is introduced. A new intrinsic topology—the local Scott topology is defined and used to characterize SC-posets and weak monotone convergence spaces. Four notions of continuity on posets are compared in detail and some subtle counterexamples are constructed. Main results are: (1) A poset is an SC-poset iff its local Scott topology is equal to its Scott topology and is completely distributive iff it is a continuous precup; (2) For precups, PI-continuity, LC-continuity, SC-continuity and the usual continuity are equal, whereas they are mutually different for general posets; (3) A T₀-space is an SC-poset equipped with the Scott topology iff the space is a weak monotone convergence space with a completely distributive topology contained in the local Scott topology of the specialization order.     

Some properties of C(X), II

The main result of the paper is that for a Tychonoff space X the space C_p(X) of the continuous real functions on X with the topology of pointwise convergence is a k-space iff it is Fréchet. This theorem improves a recent joint result by Zs. Nagy and the author.     

Banach空间的p— Asplund 伴随空间

我们称一个定义在Banach空间E上的连续凸函数f具有Frechet可微性质（FDP）,如果E上的每个实值凸函数g≤f均在E一个稠密的Gδ－子集上Frechet可微。本文主要证明了：对任何Banach空间E,均存在一个局部凸相容拓扑p使得1）（E,p)是Hausdorff局部凸空间;2） E上的每个范数连续具有FDP的凸函数均是p－连续的;3）每个p-连续的凸函数均具有FDP ;4）p等价某个范数拓扑当且仅不E是Asplund空间。     

Bilipschitz Embeddings of Metric Spaces into Space Forms

The paper describes some basic geometric tools to construct bilipschitz embeddings of metric spaces into (finite-dimensional) Euclidean or hyperbolic spaces. One of the main results implies the following: If X is a geodesic metric space with convex distance function and the property that geodesic segments can be extended to rays, then X admits a bilipschitz embedding into some Euclidean space iff X has the doubling property, and X admits a bilipschitz embedding into some hyperbolic space iff X is Gromov hyperbolic and doubling up to some scale. In either case the image of the embedding is shown to be a Lipschitz retract in the target space, provided X is complete.     

集值映射空间在紧开拓扑下的N性质(英文)

本文研究了点紧连续集值映射族在紧开拓扑下的N性质.利用cs-σ网方法获得了如下结果:若X是N0空间,Y是N空间,则C_k(X,Y)是N空间.该结论将J.A.Guthrie关于单值连续映射空间的结论推广到了集值映射空间上,并且改进了相关结论.     

具有性质$b_1$空间的乘积性

In this note,we present that:(1)Let X=σ{Xα:α∈A} be|A|-paracompact (resp.,hereditarily |A|-paracompact).If every finite subproduct of {Xα:α∈A} has property b1 (resp.,hereditarily property b1),then so is X.(2) Let X be a P-space and Y a metric space.Then,X×Y has property b1 iff X has property b1.(3) Let X be a strongly zero-dimensional and compact space.Then,X×Y has property b1 iff Y has property b1.     

二值命题逻辑中理论的发散性、相容性及其拓扑刻画

在二值命题逻辑系统中基于逻辑度量空间(F(S),ρ)而建立起了逻辑理论的发散性、相容性和理论的拓扑性质之间的联系。证明了逻辑理论Г是全发散的当且仅当D(Г)在(F(S),ρ)中稠密,闭理论Г是相容的当且仅当Г在(F(S),ρ)中不含内点,证明了(F(S),ρ)是零维空间,并具有一种类似于樊畿性质的所谓“有限等球连通性”．     

D-spaces and covering properties

We study the D-space property and its generalizations, the notions of an aD-space and a weak aD-space in connection with covering properties. A brief survey on D-spaces is presented in Section 1.Among new results, it is proved that if a linearly ordered space is an aD-space, then it is paracompact. The statement further extends the list of equivalences in [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 125 (1997) 1237]. We also establish some sufficient conditions for the free topological group of a Tychonoff space to be a D-space. In particular, the free topological group of a semi-stratifiable space is shown to be a D-space, while it need not be semi-stratifiable. A similar result is established for the free topological group of a space with a point-countable base. Some new interesting open problems on D-spaces and on spaces close to them are formulated. In particular, we discuss several such questions in connection with the sum theorems.     

On hereditarily strong Σ-spaces

In this paper the structure of hereditarily strong Σ-spaces (hsΣ-spaces, for short) is dealt with. The main result asserts that an hsΣ-space is the disjoint union of two σ subspaces one of which is an F_σ, the other a G_δ subset. Examples are given that in many ways, this decomposition cannot be improved. Then we investigate the question when an hsΣ-space is a σ-space. It is shown that a GO-space (or a first countable compactum) is metrizable iff it is an hsΣ-space, thereby proving a conjecture of J. van Wouwe. σ-spaces are characterized as being identical with perfect hsΣ-spaces. The question whether a Lindelöf, first countable hsΣ-space is a σ-space is shown to be independent of set theory. A characterization of hsΣ-spaces with no compact subsets of cardinality >2^ω is given.     

Singularities of lightlike hypersurface in semi-Euclidean 4-space with index 2

Anti de Sitter space is a maximally symmetric, vacuum solution of Einstein’s field equation with an attractive cosmological constant, and is the hyperquadric of semi-Euclidean space with index 2. So it is meaningful to study the submanifold in semi-Euclidean 4-space with index 2. However, the research on the submanifold in semi-Euclidean 4-space with index 2 has not been found from theory of singularity until now. In this paper, as a generalization of the study on lightlike hypersurface in Minkowski space and a preparation for the further study on anti de Sitter space, the singularities of lightlike hypersurface and Lorentzian surface in semi- Euclidean 4-space with index 2 will be studied. To do this, we reveal the relationships between the singularity of distance-squared function and that of lightlike hypersurface. In addition some geometric properties of lightlike hypersurface and Lorentzian surface are studied from geometrical point of view.     

Images and Open Subspaces of SV Spaces

A topological space is finitely an F-space if its Stone–?ech compactification is a union of finitely many closed F-spaces and a space is SV if C(X) has the property that C(X)/P is a valuation domain for each prime ring ideal P of C(X). This article studies the images under open continuous functions and the open subspaces of spaces that are finitely an F-space or are SV. It is shown that an open continuous image of a compact space that is finitely an F-space is finitely an F-space and an open continuous image of certain SV spaces is SV. Also, it is shown cozerosets, but not necessarily open sets, of SV spaces are SV spaces and a similar situation holds for spaces that are finitely an F-space.     

p-算子空间上的框架逼近和嵌入

介绍了p-算子空间上的p-完全有界框架概念.证明了可分p-算子空间X上存在p-完全有界框架当且仅当X满足p-完全有界逼近性质当且仅当X能够p-完全可补嵌入有p-完全有界基的p-算子空间.对于满足p-完全有界逼近性质的非可分的p-算子空间,还证明了其任意可分子空间均可以p-完全同构嵌入到有p-完全有界框架的p-算子空间.     

CARTESIAN CLOSEDNESS,EXPONENTIALITY, AND FINAL HULLS IN PSEUDOTOPOLOGICAL SPACES

Abstract

We show that each non-trivial epireflective subcategory of the topological or pretopological spaces fails to be cartesian closed. Motivated by this “negative” result, we consider the supercategory of pseudotopological spaces and obtain: An epireflective subcategory of the pseudotopological spaces which contains a finite non-indiscrete space is cartesian closed iff it is closed with respect to powers in the pseudotopological spaces. Here the density property that every pseudotopological space is a final epi-sink of free ultraspaces is essential.     

Some approximation properties of Banach spaces and Banach lattices

The notion of the bounded approximation property = BAP (resp. the uniform approximation property = UAP) of a pair [Banach space, its subspace] is used to prove that if X is a ℒ _∞-space, Y a subspace with the BAP (resp. UAP), then the quotient X/Y has the BAP (resp. UAP). If Q: X → Z is a surjection, X is a ℒ ₁-space and Z is a ℒ _p -space (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞), then ker Q has the UAP. A complemented subspace of a weakly sequentially complete Banach lattice has the separable complementation property = SCP. A criterion for a space with GL-l.u.st. to have the SCP is given. Spaces which are quotients of weakly sequentially complete lattices and are uncomplemented in their second duals are studied. Examples are given of spaces with the SCP which have subspaces that fail the SCP. The results are applied to spaces of measures on a compact Abelian group orthogonal to a fixed Sidon set and to Sobolev spaces of functions of bounded variation on ℝ ⁿ .     

Locatedness and overt sublocales

Locatedness is one of the fundamental notions in constructive mathematics. The existence of a positivity predicate on a locale, i.e. the locale being overt, or open, has proved to be fundamental in constructive locale theory. We show that the two notions are intimately connected.Bishop defines a metric space to be compact if it is complete and totally bounded. A subset of a totally bounded set is again totally bounded iff it is located. So a closed subset of a Bishop compact set is Bishop compact iff it is located. We translate this result to formal topology. ‘Bishop compact’ is translated as compact and overt. We propose a definition of locatedness on subspaces of a formal topology, and prove that a closed subspace of a compact regular formal space is located iff it is overt. Moreover, a Bishop-closed subset of a complete metric space is Bishop compact — that is, totally bounded and complete — iff its localic completion is compact overt.Finally, we show by elementary methods that the points of the Vietoris locale of a compact regular locale are precisely its compact overt sublocales.We work constructively, predicatively and avoid the use of the axiom of countable choice.