An extension of the hardy-littlewood-pólya inequality

The Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya （HLP） inequality [1] states that if a∈l^p,b∈l^q and p>1,q>1,1/p + 1/q>1, λ=2-（1/p+1/q）,then Σ[（a_rb_s）/︱r-s︱^λ]（r≠s）≤C‖a‖_P‖b‖_q.In this article, we prove the HLP inequality in the case where λ= 1, p = q = 2 with a logarithm correction, as conjectured by Ding [2]:Σ[（a_rb_s）/︱r-s︱^λ]（r≠s,1≤r,s≤N）≤（2㏑N+1）‖a‖₂‖b‖₂.In addition, we derive an accurate estimate for the best constant for this inequality.     

一般粗糙拟微分算子的(q,r)有界性

本文考虑粗糙拟微分算子T_a的(q,r)有界性,其中振幅a∈L^pS_ρ^m(p≥1,m∈R,0≤ρ≤1).当0pS_ρ^m,T_a是L^q到L^r有界的.这个结果在多个方向推广或者改进了已知结论,并且在一般情况下r,m的范围不能改进.     

Zalcman引理在随机迭代函数族动力系统中的应用

本文根据Schwick的思想，利用Zalcman引理讨论了随机迭代函数族动力系统，指出了函数族随机迭代动力系统的Fatou集和函数族衍生半群动力系统的Fatou集定义差别明显但却等价.并获得了如下正规定则，设F={f_i|f_i为C（C）上的非线性解析函数，i ∈ M}，其中M为非空指标集，Σ_M={（j₁，j₂，…，j_n，…）|j_i ∈ M，i ∈ N}，若对任意的指标序列σ=（j₁，j₂，…，j_n，…）∈ Σ_M，迭代序列{W_σⁿ=f_jn º f_jn-1 º … ºf_j1（z）|n ∈ N}在点z处正规，则函数族F本身在点z处正规.     

边界条件含有特征参数的Sturm-Liouville算子的唯一性定理

建立了一类Sturm-Liouville问题的唯一性定理.对于固定的n∈Z,证明了该Sturm-Liouville问题的第n个特征值λ_n（q,a）关于a是严格单调的.对不同系数的a_k,如果能够测得第n个特征值的谱集合{λ_n（q,a_k）}_k=1^+∞,则谱集合{λ_n（q,a_k）}_k=1^+∞能够唯一确定[0,π]上的势函数q（x）.     

对一个数列问题的探究

在数列学习过程中,有这样一个问题:已知各项均为正数的数列{a_n},其前n项和S_n满足4S_n=（1+a_n）²,求其首项和通项公式.这个问题的解决并不难,将n=1代入,可得首项a₁=1,用4S_n=（1+a_n）²减去4S_n-1=(1+a_n-1)²（n>1）,得a_n=a_n-1+2或a_n=-a_n-1（n>1）,因为该数列各项均为正数,所以a_n=-a_n-1不成立,得a_n=a_n-1+2（n>1）,为等差数列,所以a_n     

妙解三例

<正>等差数列{a_n},其通项可以统设为a_n=An +B,（其中A=d,B=a₁-d）,前n项和可以统设为S_n=An²+Bn,（其中A=（d/2）,B=a₁-（d/2））,灵活运用这个公式,可使解题变得简单,快捷.例1若数列{a_n}为等差数列,a_p=q,a_q=     

Gleason问题在多复变F(p,q,s)空间上的可解性

在0p∞,0≤s∞,max{-n-1,-s-1}q∞的条件下,证明了Gleason问题在C~n中以单位球为支撑集的一般函数空间F(p,q,s)上是可解的.     

卢卡斯数列的一个奇妙性质

<正>文[1]介绍了卢卡斯数列.若令(1+(5^1/2))/2=α,(1-(5^1/2))/2=β,L_n=αⁿ+βⁿ,则称数列{L_n}为卢卡斯数列.卢卡斯有两个基本性质:1.各项均为整数;2.当n≥3时,L_n=L_n-1+L_n-2{L_n)的各项写出来是:1,3,4,7,11,18,….本文证明卢卡斯数列的一个奇妙性质.     

Cn中空间F(p,q,s)到βq+n+1/p的复合算子

对一切P＞0,s≥0和q＞q＞max{-n-1,-s-1},给出了单位球上一般函数空间F(p,q,s)到Bloch型空间βq+n+1/p之复合算子Cψ有界和紧的充要条件,并给出了几个推论.     

关于反平均数的2个上界

对于整数k,θ≥3,β≥1,称k个元素集合S为（k;β,θ）⁰自由集,如果S的最小元素为0且它没有互不相同的元素a_ij∈S(1≤j≤θ使得∑_j=1^θ-1a_ij=βa_iθ成立,S的最大元素记为max（S）.反平均数定义为λ（k;β,θ）=min{max（S）:S是（k;β,θ）⁰自由集}.给出反平均数λ（k;β,θ）的2个界.     

Hume, the Occult, and the Substance of the School

I have not been able to locate any critique of Hume on substance by a Schoolman, at least in English, dating from Hume's period or shortly thereafter. I have, therefore, constructed my own critique as an exercise in ??post facto history??. This is what a late eighteenth-century/early nineteenth-century Scholastic could, would, and should have said in response to Hume's attack on substance should they have been minded to do so. That no one did is somewhat mysterious. My critique is precisely in the language of the period, using solely the conceptual resources available to a Schoolman at that time. The arguments, however, are as sound now as they were then, and in this sense the paper performs a dual role??contributing to the defence of substance contra Hume, and filling, albeit two hundred?years or so too late, a gap in the historical record.     

Groups, measures, and the NIP

We discuss measures, invariant measures on definable groups, and genericity, often in an NIP (failure of the independence property) environment. We complete the proof of the third author's conjectures relating definably compact groups in saturated -minimal structures to compact Lie groups. We also prove some other structural results about such , for example the existence of a left invariant finitely additive probability measure on definable subsets of . We finally introduce the new notion of ``compact domination" (domination of a definable set by a compact space) and raise some new conjectures in the -minimal case.

     

On the Partially Ordered Semigroup Generated by the Class Operators I,R,H,S,P

Let I, H, S, P be the usual class operators on universal algebras. For a class K of universal algebras of the same type, let R({K}) be the class of all algebras isomorphic to a retract of a member of K and let R denote the corresponding class operator. In this paper the semigroup generated by class operators I, R, H, S, P and the corresponding partially ordered set are described. Also the standard semigroups of the above operators are determined for some varieties.     

Tilings,packings, coverings,and the approximation of functions

A packing (resp. covering) ? of a normed space X consisting of unit balls is called completely saturated (resp. completely reduced) if no finite set of its members can be replaced by a more numerous (resp. less numerous) set of unit balls of X without losing the packing property (resp. covering property) of ?. We show that a normed space X admits completely saturated packings with disjoint closed unit balls as well as completely reduced coverings with open unit balls, provided that there exists a tiling of X with unit balls. Completely reduced coverings by open balls are of interest in the context of an approximation theory for continuous real‐valued functions that rests on so‐called controllable coverings of compact metric spaces. The close relation between controllable coverings and completely reduced coverings allows an extension of the approximation theory to non‐compact spaces. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Indestructibility,HOD, and the Ground Axiom

Let φ₁ stand for the statement V = HOD and φ₂ stand for the Ground Axiom. Suppose T_i for i = 1, …, 4 are the theories “ZFC + φ₁ + φ₂,” “ZFC + ¬φ₁ + φ₂,” “ZFC + φ₁ + ¬φ₂,” and “ZFC + ¬φ₁ + ¬φ₂” respectively. We show that if κ is indestructibly supercompact and λ > κ is inaccessible, then for i = 1, …, 4, A_i = _df{δ < κ∣δ is an inaccessible cardinal which is not a limit of inaccessible cardinals and V_δ?T_i} must be unbounded in κ. The large cardinal hypothesis on λ is necessary, as we further demonstrate by constructing via forcing four models in which A_i = ?? for i = 1, …, 4. In each of these models, there is an indestructibly supercompact cardinal κ, and no cardinal δ > κ is inaccessible. We show it is also the case that if κ is indestructibly supercompact, then V_κ?T₁, so by reflection, B₁ = _df{δ < κ∣δ is an inaccessible limit of inaccessible cardinals and V_δ?T₁} is unbounded in κ. Consequently, it is not possible to construct a model in which κ is indestructibly supercompact and B₁ = ??. On the other hand, assuming κ is supercompact and no cardinal δ > κ is inaccessible, we demonstrate that it is possible to construct a model in which κ is indestructibly supercompact and for every inaccessible cardinal δ < κ, V_δ?T₁. It is thus not possible to prove in ZFC that B_i = _df{δ < κ∣δ is an inaccessible limit of inaccessible cardinals and V_δ?T_i} for i = 2, …, 4 is unbounded in κ if κ is indestructibly supercompact. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim     

The theorem of the alternative,the key-theorem,and the vector-maximum problem

Consequences of a general formulation of the theorem of the alternative are exploited.     

Maximax, leximax, and the demanding criterion

Following the characterizations provided by Barberà and Jackson [Barberà, S., Jackson, M.O., 1988. Journal of Economic Theory 46, 34–44] for the maximin, the leximin, and the protective criterion, we examine the consequences of replacing convexity in their list of axioms by concavity, which means considering risk-loving instead of risk-averse agents. This yields characterizations of the maximax, the leximax and a new criterion which we term demanding criterion. We concentrate on the latter and demonstrate the independence of the axioms used for its characterization.