A novel use of t-packings to construct d-disjunct matrices

A t-packing is an ordered pair (V,P) where V is a v-set and P is a collection of k-subsets (blocks) of V such that each t-subset of V occurs in at most one block of P. If each t-subset of V occurs in exactly one block of P, then (V,P) is known as a Steiner (t,k,v)-design. In this paper, we explore a novel use of t-packings to construct d-disjunct matrices.     

On low degree k-ordered graphs

A simple graph G is k-ordered (respectively, k-ordered hamiltonian) if, for any sequence of k distinct vertices v₁,…,v_k of G, there exists a cycle (respectively, a hamiltonian cycle) in G containing these k vertices in the specified order. In 1997 Ng and Schultz introduced these concepts of cycle orderability, and motivated by the fact that k-orderedness of a graph implies (k-1)-connectivity, they posed the question of the existence of low degree k-ordered hamiltonian graphs. We construct an infinite family of graphs, which we call bracelet graphs, that are (k-1)-regular and are k-ordered hamiltonian for odd k. This result provides the best possible answer to the question of the existence of low degree k-ordered hamiltonian graphs for odd k. We further show that for even k, there exist no k-ordered bracelet graphs with minimum degree k-1 and maximum degree less than k+2, and we exhibit an infinite family of bracelet graphs with minimum degree k-1 and maximum degree k+2 that are k-ordered for even k. A concept related to k-orderedness, namely that of k-edge-orderedness, is likewise strongly related to connectivity properties. We study this relation and give bounds on the connectivity necessary to imply k-(edge-)orderedness properties.     

Two new q-exponential operator identities and their applications

In this paper, we use the q-Chu–Vandermonde formula to prove two new operator identities, which are the extensions of Liu's results. These two q-exponential operator identities are used to derive some q-summation formulas and q-integrals.     

Reliability of a consecutive (r, s)-out-of-(m, n):F lattice system with conditions on the number of failed components in the system

A consecutive(r, s)-out-of-(m, n):F lattice system which is defined as a two-dimensional version of a consecutive k-out-of-n:F system is used as a reliability evaluation model for a sensor system, an X-ray diagnostic system, a pattern search system, etc. This system consists of m × n components arranged like an (m, n) matrix and fails iff the system has an (r, s) submatrix that contains all failed components. In this paper we deal a combined model of a k-out-of-mn:F and a consecutive (r, s)-out-of-(m, n):F lattice system. Namely, the system has one more condition of system down, that is the total number of failed components, in addition to that of a consecutive (r, s)-out-of-(m, n):F lattice system. We present a method to obtain reliability of the system. The proposed method obtains the reliability by using a combinatorial equation that does not depend on the system size. Some numerical examples are presented to show the relationship between component reliability and system reliability.     

Polynomial sequential continuity on C(K,E) spaces

We show that, for bounded sequences in C(K,E), the polynomial sequential convergence is not equivalent to the pointwise polynomial sequential convergence. We introduce several conditions on E under which different versions of the result are true when K is a scattered compact space. These conditions are related with some others appeared in the literature and they seem to be of independent interest.     

Compact group actions on equivariant absolute neighborhood retracts and their orbit spaces

We apply equivariant joins to give a new and more transparent proof of the following result: if G is a compact Hausdorff group and X a G-ANR (respectively, a G-AR), then for every closed normal subgroup H of G, the H-orbit space X/H is a G/H-ANR (respectively, a G/H-AR). In particular, X/G is an ANR (respectively, an AR).     

A characterization of maximal non-k-factor-critical graphs

A graph G of order p is k-factor-critical,where p and k are positive integers with the same parity, if the deletion of any set of k vertices results in a graph with a perfect matching. G is called maximal non-k-factor-critical if G is not k-factor-critical but G+e is k-factor-critical for every missing edge e∉E(G). A connected graph G with a perfect matching on 2n vertices is k-extendable, for 1?k?n-1, if for every matching M of size k in G there is a perfect matching in G containing all edges of M. G is called maximal non-k-extendable if G is not k-extendable but G+e is k-extendable for every missing edge e∉E(G) . A connected bipartite graph G with a bipartitioning set (X,Y) such that |X|=|Y|=n is maximal non-k-extendable bipartite if G is not k-extendable but G+xy is k-extendable for any edge xy∉E(G) with x∈X and y∈Y. A complete characterization of maximal non-k-factor-critical graphs, maximal non-k-extendable graphs and maximal non-k-extendable bipartite graphs is given.     

q-Dedekind type sums related to q-zeta function and basic L-series

The main purpose of this paper is to define new generating functions. By applying the Mellin transformation formula to these generating functions, we define q-analogue of Riemann zeta function, q-analogue Hurwitz zeta function, q-analogue Dirichlet L-function and two-variable q-L-function. In particular, by using these generating functions, we will construct new generating functions which produce q-Dedekind type sums and q-Dedekind type sums attached to Dirichlet character. We also give the relations between these sums and Dedekind sums. Furthermore, by using *-product which is given in this paper, we will give the relation between Dedekind sums and q-L function as well.     

Generalized difference sequence spaces and their dual spaces

The definition of the pα-, pβ- and pγ-duals of a sequence space was defined by Et [Internat. J. Math. Math. Sci. 24 (2000) 785-791]. In this paper we compute pα- and N-duals of the sequence spaces Δ^m_v(X) for X=?_∞, c and c₀, and compute β- and γ-duals of the sequence spaces Δ^m_v(X) for X=?_∞, c and c₀.     

Weak barrelledness for C(X) spaces

Buchwalter and Schmets reconciled C_c(X) and C_p(X) spaces with most of the weak barrelledness conditions of 1973, but could not determine if -barrelled ⇔ ?^∞-barrelled for C_c(X). The areas grew apart. Full reconciliation with the fourteen conditions adopted by Saxon and Sánchez Ruiz needs their 1997 characterization of Ruess' property (L), which allows us to reduce the C_c(X) problem to its 1973 status and solve it by carefully translating the topology of Kunen (1980) and van Mill (1982) to find the example that eluded Buchwalter and Schmets. The more tractable C_p(X) readily partitions the conditions into just two equivalence classes, the same as for metrizable locally convex spaces, instead of the five required for C_c(X) spaces. Our paper elicits others, soon to appear, that analytically characterize when the Tychonov space X is pseudocompact, or Warner bounded, or when C_c(X) is a df-space (Jarchow's 1981 question).     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness of B-Riesz potential in the B-Morrey spaces

We consider the generalized shift operator, associated with the Laplace-Bessel differential operator . The maximal operator Mγ (B-maximal operator) and the Riesz potential (B-Riesz potential), associated with the generalized shift operator are investigated. At first, we prove that the B-maximal operator Mγ is bounded from the B-Morrey space Lp,λ,γ to Lp,λ,γ for all 1<p<∞ and 0?λ<n+|γ|. We prove that the B-Riesz potential , 0<α<n+|γ| is bounded from the B-Morrey space Lp,λ,γ to Lq,λ,γ if and only if α/(n+|γ|−λ)=1/p−1/q, 1<p<(n+|γ|−λ)/α. Also we prove that the B-Riesz potential is bounded from the B-Morrey space L1,λ,γ to the weak B-Morrey space WLq,λ,γ if and only if α/(n+|γ|−λ)=1−1/q.     

Varieties of algebras arising from K-perfect m-cycle systems

A class of algebras forms a variety if it is characterised by a collection of identities. There is a well-known method, often called the standard construction, which gives rise to algebras from m-cycle systems. It is known that the algebras arising from {1}-perfect m-cycle systems form a variety for m∈{3,5} only, and that the algebras arising from {1,2}-perfect m-cycle systems form a variety for m∈{3,5,7} only. Here we give, for any set K of positive integers, necessary and sufficient conditions under which the algebras arising from K-perfect m-cycle systems form a variety.     

Reliability evaluation of multi-state consecutive k-out-of-r-from-n: G system

This paper proposes a model that generalizes the linear consecutive k-out-of-r-from-n: G system to multi-state case. In this model the system consists of n linearly ordered multi-state components. Both the system and its components can have different states: from complete failure up to perfect functioning. The system is in state j or above if and only if at least k_j components out of r consecutive are in state j or above. An algorithm is provided for evaluating reliability of a special case of multi-state consecutive k-out-of-r-from-n: G system. The algorithm is based on the application of the total probability theorem and on the application of a special case taken from the [Jinsheng Huang, Ming J. Zuo, Member IEEE and Yanhong Wu, Generalized multi-state k-out-of-n: G system, IEEE Trans. Reliab. 49(1) (2000) 105–111.]. Also numerical results of the formerly published test examples and new examples are given.     

On the T-ramified, S-split p-class field towers over an extension of degree prime to p

Let K be a number field, p a prime, and let be the T-ramified, S-split p-class field tower of K, i.e., the maximal pro-p-extension of K unramified outside T and totally split on S, where T and S are disjoint finite sets of places of K. Using a theorem of Tate on nilpotent quotient groups, we give (Theorem 2 in Section 3) an elementary characterisation of the finite extensions L/K, with a normal closure of degree prime to p, such that the analogous p-class field tower of L is equal to the compositum . This N.S.C. only depends on classes and units of L. Some applications and examples are given.     

Some bounds on the p-domination number in trees

Let p be a positive integer and G=(V,E) a graph. A subset S of V is a p-dominating set if every vertex of V-S is dominated at least p times, and S is a p-dependent set of G if the subgraph induced by the vertices of S has maximum degree at most p-1. The minimum cardinality of a p-dominating set a of G is the p-domination number γ_p(G) and the maximum cardinality of a p-dependent set of G is the p-dependence number β_p(G). For every positive integer p?2, we show that for a bipartite graph G, γ_p(G) is bounded above by (|V|+|Y_p|)/2, where Y_p is the set of vertices of G of degree at most p-1, and for every tree T, γ_p(T) is bounded below by β_p-1(T). Moreover, we characterize the trees achieving equality in each bound.     

Reducing network and computation complexities in neural based real-time scheduling scheme

Multiprocessor real-time scheduling is an important issue in many applications. A neural network provides a highly effective method to obtain good solutions for real-time scheduling problems. However, multiprocessor real-time scheduling problems include multiple variables; processor, process and time, and the neural networks have to be presented in three dimensions with these variables. Hence, the corresponding neural networks have more neurons, and synaptic weights, and thus associated network and computational complexities increase. Meanwhile, a neural network using the competitive scheme can provide a highly effective method with less network complexity. Therefore, in this study, a simplified two-dimensional Hopfield-type neural network using competitive rule is introduced for solving three-dimensional multiprocessor real-time scheduling problems. Restated, a two-dimensional network is proposed to lower the neural network dimensions and decrease the number of neurons and hence reduce the network complexity; an M-out-of-N competitive scheme is suggested to greatly reduce the computational complexity. Simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme imposed on the derived energy function with respect to process time and deadline constraints is an appropriate approach to solving these class scheduling problems. Moreover, the computational complexity of the proposed scheme is greatly lowered to O(N × T²).     

Linear relations for p-harmonic functions

We discuss the p-harmonicity of the linear combination of p-harmonic functions in the Euclidean space and on a tree. If p≠2, the p-harmonicity is non-linear, i.e., the linear combination of p-harmonic functions need not be p-harmonic. In spite of this non-linear nature, we find some p-harmonic functions whose linear combinations become p-harmonic.     

A class of B-(p,r)-invex functions and mathematical programming

Invexity of a function is generalized. The new class of nonconvex functions, called B-(p,r)-invex functions with respect to η and b, being introduced, includes many well-known classes of generalized invex functions as its subclasses. Some properties of the introduced class of B-(p,r)-invex functions with respect to η and b are studied. Further, mathematical programming problems involving B-(p,r)-invex functions with respect to η and b are considered. The equivalence between saddle points and optima, and different type duality theorems are established for this type of optimization problems.     

Basic Fourier series on a q-linear grid: Convergence theorems

For 0<q<1 define the symmetric q-linear operator acting on a suitable function f(x) by δf(x)=f(q1/2x)−f(q−1/2x). The q-linear initial value problem , f(0)=1, has two entire functions Cq(z) and Sq(z) as linearly independent solutions, which are orthogonal on a discrete set. Sufficient conditions for pointwise convergence and for uniform convergence of the corresponding Fourier expansion are given.     

Global hypoellipticity and global solvability in Gevrey classes on the n-dimensional torus

Let P be a linear partial differential operator with coefficients in the Gevrey class G^s(Tⁿ) where Tⁿ is the n-dimensional torus and s?1. We prove that if P is s-globally hypoelliptic in Tⁿ then its transposed operator tP is s-globally solvable in Tⁿ, thus extending to the Gevrey classes the well-known analogous result in the corresponding C^∞ class.