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曲面S的一个极小禁用子图是这样的一个图,它的任何一个顶点的度都不小于3,它不能嵌入在S上,但是删去任何一条边后得到的图能嵌入在S上.本文给出了四种构造一个不可定向曲面的极小禁用子图的方式,即粘合一个顶点,一个图的边被其它的图替换,粘合两个顶点,将一个图放在另一个图的一个曲面嵌入的面内. 相似文献
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描述一个公钥密码体制,其中参与者的公钥是一个公开值,例如他的身份,这个体制由很多可信中心联合产生一个大合数N=pq,p,q为素数且p≡q≡3(mod 4),任意其中一个可信中心都不知道N的分解.另外,每一个可信中心拥有一个秘密指数的一个分享,这样产生一个门限解密.本文将讨论所提出的方案的安全性,并证明它与解决二次剩余问题的困难性有关. 相似文献
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关于(g,f)-2-消去图 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
一个图G称为一个(g,f)-2-消去图,如果G的任何两条边不属于它的一个(g,f)-因子.本文给出了当g<f时一个图是(g,f)-2-消去图的一个充要条件. 相似文献
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汪长平 《数学物理学报(A辑)》1994,(2)
设G是一个图,k为正整数.图G的一个k-正则支撑子图F称做图G的一个k-因子.若图G的每一条边e都属于G的一个k-因子,则称G是一个k-复盖图.本文给出了一个图G是k-复盖图的几个充分条件. 相似文献
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关于k—消去图的若干新结果 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
汪长平 《数学物理学报(A辑)》1998,18(3):302-309
设G是一个图.k是自然数.图G的一个k-正则支撑子图称为G的一个k-因子.若对于G的每条边e.G—e都存在一个k-因子,则称G是一个k-消去图.该文得到了一个图是k-消去图的若干充分条件,推广了文[2—4]中有关结论. 相似文献
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本文给出了判定一个仿射代数集是否是一个自同构恒等集的充分条件.作为一个推论,我们给出了Mckay-Wang的一个问题的一个新证明.我们也给出了一些具体的例子来说明主要的定理. 相似文献
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For a convex closed bounded set in a Banach space, we study the existence and uniqueness problem for a point of this set that is the farthest point from a given point in space. In terms of the existence and uniqueness of the farthest point, as well as the Lipschitzian dependence of this point on a point in space, we obtain necessary and su.cient conditions for the strong convexity of a set in several infinite-dimensional spaces, in particular, in a Hilbert space. A set representable as the intersection of closed balls of a fixed radius is called a strongly convex set. We show that the condition “for each point in space that is sufficiently far from a set, there exists a unique farthest point of the set” is a criterion for the strong convexity of a set in a finite-dimensional normed space, where the norm ball is a strongly convex set and a generating set. 相似文献
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This paper proposes a mathematical model to compare a network organization with a hierarchical organization. In order to formulate the model, we define a three-dimensional framework of the coordination structure of a network and of other typical coordination structures. In the framework, we can define a network structure by contrasting it with a hierarchy, in terms of the distribution of decision making, which is one of the main features of information processing. Based on this definition, we have developed a mathematical model for evaluating coordination structures. Using this model, we can derive two boundary conditions among the coordination structures with respect to the optimal coordination structure. The boundary conditions help us to understand why an organization changes its coordination structure from a hierarchy to a network and what factors cause this change. They enable us, for example, to find points of structural change where the optimal coordination structure shifts from a hierarchy to a hierarchy with delegation or from a hierarchy with delegation to a network, when the nature of the task changes from routine to non-routine. In conclusion, our framework and model may provide a basis for discussing the processes that occur when coordination structures change between a hierarchy and a network. 相似文献
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Yu Can Zhu 《数学学报(英文版)》2008,24(10):1727-1736
In this paper, we introduce the pre-frame operator Q for the g-frame in a complex Hilbert space, which will play a key role in studying g-frames and g-Riesz bases etc. Using the pre-frame operator Q, we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for a g-Bessel sequence, a g-frame, and a g-Riesz basis in a complex Hilbert space, which have properties similar to those of the Bessel sequence, frame, and Riesz basis respectively. We also obtain the relation between a g-frame and a g-Riesz basis, and the relation of bounds between a g-frame and a g-Riesz basis. Lastly, we consider the stability of a g-frame or a g-Riesz basis for a Hilbert space under perturbation. 相似文献
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研究了围绕曲线的管状曲面上的曲率线,渐近线与测地线,给出它们的方程,揭示了这些曲线与Bertrand曲线或Mannheim曲线之间的关系,采用新的方法给出一条曲线是Bertrand曲线或Mannheim曲线的充要条件的另一种证明以及Mannheim侣线的曲率与挠率之间的关系. 相似文献
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Dongseok Kim 《Linear algebra and its applications》2010,433(2):348-355
The complexity of a graph can be obtained as a derivative of a variation of the zeta function [S. Northshield, A note on the zeta function of a graph, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 74 (1998) 408-410] or a partial derivative of its generalized characteristic polynomial evaluated at a point [D. Kim, H.K. Kim, J. Lee, Generalized characteristic polynomials of graph bundles, Linear Algebra Appl. 429 (4) (2008) 688-697]. A similar result for the weighted complexity of weighted graphs was found using a determinant function [H. Mizuno, I. Sato, On the weighted complexity of a regular covering of a graph, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 89 (2003) 17-26]. In this paper, we consider the determinant function of two variables and discover a condition that the weighted complexity of a weighted graph is a partial derivative of the determinant function evaluated at a point. Consequently, we simply obtain the previous results and disclose a new formula for the complexity from a variation of the Bartholdi zeta function. We also consider a new weighted complexity, for which the weights of spanning trees are taken as the sum of weights of edges in the tree, and find a similar formula for this new weighted complexity. As an application, we compute the weighted complexities of the product of the complete graphs. 相似文献
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Masakiyo Miyazawa 《Queueing Systems》1994,17(1-2):183-211
We consider a process associated with a stationary random measure, which may have infinitely many jumps in a finite interval. Such a process is a generalization of a process with a stationary embedded point process, and is applicable to fluid queues. Here, fluid queue means that customers are modeled as a continuous flow. Such models naturally arise in the study of high speed digital communication networks. We first derive the rate conservation law (RCL) for them, and then introduce a process indexed by the level of the accumulated input. This indexed process can be viewed as a continuous version of a customer characteristic of an ordinary queue, e.g., of the sojourn time. It is shown that the indexed process is stationary under a certain kind of Palm probability measure, called detailed Palm. By using this result, we consider the sojourn time processes in fluid queues. We derive the continuous version of Little's formula in our framework. We give a distributional relationship between the buffer content and the sojourn time in a fluid queue with a constant release rate. 相似文献
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Erling D. Andersen 《Computational Optimization and Applications》2001,20(2):171-183
In general if a linear program has an optimal solution, then a primal and dual optimal solution is a certificate of the solvable status. Furthermore, it is well known that in the solvable case, then the linear program always has an optimal basic solution. Similarly, when a linear program is primal or dual infeasible then by Farkas's Lemma a certificate of the infeasible status exists. However, in the primal or dual infeasible case then there is not an uniform definition of what a suitable basis certificate of the infeasible status is.In this work we present a definition of a basis certificate and develop a strongly polynomial algorithm which given a Farkas type certificate of infeasibility computes a basis certificate of infeasibility. This result is relevant for the recently developed interior-point methods because they do not compute a basis certificate of infeasibility in general. However, our result demonstrates that a basis certificate can be obtained at a moderate computational cost. 相似文献
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Brett McElwee 《Order》2001,18(2):137-149
The map which takes an element of an ordered set to its principal ideal is a natural embedding of that ordered set into its powerset, a semilattice. If attention is restricted to all finite intersections of the principal ideals of the original ordered set, then an embedding into a much smaller semilattice is obtained. In this paper the question is answered of when this construction is, in a certain arrow-theoretic sense, minimal. Specifically, a characterisation is given, in terms of ideals and filters, of those ordered sets which admit a so-called minimal embedding into a semilattice. Similarly, a candidate maximal semilattice on an ordered set can be constructed from the principal filters of its elements. A characterisation of those ordered sets that extend to a maximal semilattice is given. Finally, the notion of a free semilattice on an ordered set is given, and it is shown that the candidate maximal semilattice in the embedding-theoretic sense is the free object. 相似文献