一个胎儿体重预测的数学模型

利用B型超声对520例胎儿的股骨长度、腹围的测量数据,建立多元非线性回归模型,并用此模型对982例胎儿进行实例验证、分析,得到精确度极高的预测结果,为临床应用提供了新的胎儿体重预测方法.     

地高辛治疗胎儿快速心律失常的药物动力学模型及其应用

针对孕母及胎儿生长的动态变化规律,建立了通过孕母口服地高辛治疗胎儿快速心律失常的药物动力学模型,根据胎龄变化及临床上地高辛的治疗窗口所反映的血药浓度,设计了合理的用药方案,并运用MATLAB程序进行应用模拟,分析了方案的可行性.     

“A”“X”模型在解证课本题中的应用

九年义务教材初中几何第二册P2 1 4页重点介绍了平行线分线段成比例定理的推论“平行于三角形一边的直线截其他两边 (或两边的延长线 ) ,所得的对应线段成比例” ,此推论有如下两种基本模型 :这两种基本模型在解题中有着极其广泛的应用 ,然而教学中发现不少学生对此感到困惑 .为帮助初二师生教好、学好这两种基本模型在解题中的应用 ,本文现以九年义务教材初中几何第二册中的部分典型习题为例 ,分类介绍如下 ,供师生教与学时参考 .一、直接应用基本模型1 .直接应用“A”模型例 1　 (P2 2 2 -B组 -1 )△ABC中 ,作直线DN平行于中线AM ,设…     

GSM模型在全国人口发展预测中的应用

根据我国1-6次人口普查的主要统计数据,应用GSM(1,2)线性模型进行模拟,其拟合精度令人满意;同时以每十年为一普查期,应用GSM(1,1)线性模型对我国未来人口发展进行了预测,并分析了模型产生误差的原因,提出了提高模型预测精度的方法.     

等差数列的性质及应用

正等差数列作为最基本的数列模型之一,突出"小、巧、活"的特点,综合应用等差数列的性质解决问题一直是高考考查的重点.一、利用等差数列模型解决信息迁移问题例1使用计数器依照预先编制的程序进行计算,当依次输入的两个数据为1和1时,输出的结果为2;当依次输入的两个数据为m和n时,输出的结果为k;当依次输入的两个数据为m和     

通过导数问题看方法模型

<正>导数作为高考的重点内容,有着丰富而深刻的内涵.本文以几个导数问题为例,分别从模型模仿、模型转移等不同的角度与层次,对数学方法模型的建立与应用做了一点探究,以期提高同学们的逻辑推理、直观想象与数学抽象能力.1辨证分析,模型模仿     

基于云模型和证据理论的科技创新与持续发展能力评价

为科学合理地对企业科技创新与持续发展能力进行评估,文章从科技创新基础与现状情况、科技创新组织管理能力和科技创新持续发展能力三个方面入手建立企业科技创新与持续发展评估的指标体系,并针对指标的不确定性构建一种基于云模型和证据理论的科技创新与持续发展能力评价模型。首先应用云模型对评价指标转化为区间数并应用区间熵权法确定指标权重,其次运用证据理论对指标的置信度等进行计算得出评价对象的评估结果。最后以国网某省公司为例,分别应用基于云模型和证据理论的评估模型和区间证据推理方法进行评估研究,验证评价模型的可行性、准确性、科学性和合理性。研究结论为在企业科技创新与持续发展中应加强科技创新持续发展能力等方面的建设。     

基于灰色建模技术的中国废弃物资源化利用产业发展能力测度及预测研究

废弃物资源化利用产业的迅猛发展有效减少了废弃物后续处理导致的环境污染,科学预测其发展能力对改善我国环境质量及促进相关产业深度融合具有重要价值。为此,文章首先构建了具有自适应特征的新型多变量灰色模型DWGM(1,N),该模型解决了传统GM(1,N)的机理缺陷、参数缺陷与结构缺陷,实现了对传统GM(1,N)和GM(1,1)模型的完全兼容。然后,建立了评价我国废弃物资源化利用产业发展能力的指标体系,并应用灰色关联度模型识别其影响因素。最后,应用DWGM(1,N)模型对中国废弃物资源化利用产业发展能力进行建模,结果显示DWGM(1,N)平均相对模拟误差为0.2683%,优于传统GM(1,N)和GM(1,1)(分别为17.8382%和6.7515%)。应用DWGM(1,N)对2020—2025年该产业发展能力进行预测,结果显示2025年该产业发展能力为其2013年1.5倍,表明该产业未来发展潜力良好。     

基于FCE的建设项目环境效益可研指标的应用——以高速公路建设项目为例

应用FCE进行建设项目环境效益可研指标体系综合评价是一条科学精简的途径.高速公路建设项目对项目沿线环境的影响典型而尖锐,以高速公路建设项目为例分析FCE在建设项目环境效益可研指标中的应用,并以福银高速公路一期工程尤溪段施工期环境效益可研为例建立应用模型.     

空气中PM2.5的扩散衰减与预测分析

以西安市2013年1月1日-9月19日的空气污染监测数据为例,采用非稳态的二维多箱模型,综合考虑了风向、季节等因素的影响,对西安市PM2.5的面源污染扩散和衰减规律进行模拟预测,计算模型相对误差;再选用高斯模型对某一天西安市突发情况下PM2.5浓度扩散情况进行点源污染扩散预测,并评价模型的有效性.     

Did Egyptian scribes have an algorithmic means for determining the circumference of a circle?

It has been at various times proposed in regard to Problem 10 of the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus that Egyptian scribes had developed a computational algorithm by which they could calculate the circumference of a circle of known diameter length. It has also been proposed at various times that the 7:22 ratio between a circle’s diameter and its circumference was known by the Egyptian scribes at a surprisingly early period.The present paper explores currently available evidence that lends support to each of these propositions.     

小麦茎秆与单穗重的相关性分析

主要是分析茎秆与单穗重和产量的相关性.以6个小麦品种为材料,分别测取了穗下茎长,茎粗,穗长,株高,节壁厚,节重及单穗重,对茎质与穗重进行了相关分析,结果表明:茎秆性状与穗重存在不同程度的相关性.其中,茎粗与单穗重呈正相关;节壁厚与单穗重呈正相关;节壁重与单穗重呈正相关;而株高和茎长与单穗重的关系不明显且较为复杂,应分情况讨论.     

小麦茎秆性状与单穗重的相关分析与通径分析

利用2010-2011连续两年河南科技学院小麦试验田所得的试验资料,对6个不同小麦品种的茎秆性状与单穗重进行相关分析与通径分析.相关分析结果表明,所考查的茎秆性状与单穗重的相关程度依次为:茎重>茎粗>株高>茎长>壁厚;茎重与单穗重(r_(5y)=0.8213~(**))和茎粗与茎重(r_(25)=0.7218~(**))、茎长与株高(r_(13)=0.9582~(**))的相关分别呈极显著,茎粗与单穗重(r_(2y)=0.5990~*)、茎重与株高(r_(13)=0.6550~*)均达显著水平.通径分析结果显示,考查的茎部性状对单穗重的直接效应(绝对值)依次为:茎重>株高>茎长>壁厚>茎粗.茎重的直接正效应(p_(x_5→x_5→y)=1.3986~(**))最大,茎长(p_(x_1→x_1→y)=0.6297~*)次之,壁厚(p_(x_3→x_3→y)=0.2323)居三,株高的直接负效应(p_(x_3→x_3→y)=-1.1617~(**))极显著;5个茎部性状的决策系数依次为:茎重(0.3414)>壁厚(-0.0030)>茎粗(-0.1959)>茎长(一0.2063)>株高(一1.9800).据此明确了茎重、壁厚为提高小麦单穗重的主选因素,株高是主控因素.在注重对基部节间短、粗、茎壁厚性状选择的同时,适当控制株高,是选育高产抗倒小麦品种的有效途径.     

Development of porous implants with non-uniform mechanical properties distribution based on CT images

In this study, the mechanical properties (elastic modulus, yield stress, and Poisson's ratio) of rhombic dodecahedron (RD) unit cell has been studied analytically and numerically. For the analytical study, two well-known beam theories, namely Euler Bernoulli and Timoshenko, have been implemented. For validating the analytical relationships, finite element model of unit cell with repetitive boundary condition has been created. Moreover, the experimental results of recent studies have been used for validation. The results showed that the presented analytical relationships for RD lattice structure have good agreement with numerical and experimental results in all the relative densities particularly in lower relative densities. Besides, the analytical relationships based on Timoshenko theory showed closer results with numerical/experimental data. The derived analytical relationships for RD as well as the data extracted from CT scan images of a femur bone, were combined and used to create a porous femur implant model. The stress and strain distributions of the porous femur model under typical static compressive load due to human weight as well as axial rigidity of the model in the same loading conditions have been obtained and compared with the experimental results from other studies. The stress and strain distributions of the porous femur implant model based on RD unit cells, as well as its axial rigidity, showed good agreement with the results obtained for human femur.     

DAG‐Width and Circumference of Digraphs

We prove that every digraph of circumference l has DAG‐width at most l. This is best possible and solves a recent conjecture from S. Kintali (ArXiv:1401.2662v1 [math.CO], January 2014).¹ As a consequence of this result we deduce that the k‐linkage problem is polynomially solvable for every fixed k in the class of digraphs with bounded circumference. This answers a question posed in J. Bang‐Jensen, F. Havet, and A. K. Maia (Theor Comput Sci 562 (2014), 283–303). We also prove that the weak k‐linkage problem (where we ask for arc‐disjoint paths) is polynomially solvable for every fixed k in the class of digraphs with circumference 2 as well as for digraphs with a bounded number of disjoint cycles each of length at least 3. The case of bounded circumference digraphs is still open. Finally, we prove that the minimum spanning strong subdigraph problem is NP‐hard on digraphs of DAG‐width at most 5.     

Diameter graphs of polygons and the proof of a conjecture of Graham

We show that for an n-gon with unit diameter to have maximum area, its diameter graph must contain a cycle, and we derive an isodiametric theorem for such n-gons in terms of the length of the cycle. We then apply this theorem to prove Graham's 1975 conjecture that the diameter graph of a maximal 2m-gon (m?3) must be a cycle of length 2m−1 with one additional edge attached to it.     

Qualitative Properties of Maximum Distance Minimizers and Average Distance Minimizers in Rn

We consider one-dimensional networks of finite length in minimizing the average distance functional and the maximum distance functional subject to the length constraint. Under natural conditions, such minimizers use maximum available length, cannot contain closed loops (i.e., homeomorphic images of a circumference S¹), and have some mild regularity properties.Bibliography: 11 titles.     

Circumference of 3-connected claw-free graphs and large Eulerian subgraphs of 3-edge-connected graphs

The circumference of a graph is the length of its longest cycles. Results of Jackson, and Jackson and Wormald, imply that the circumference of a 3-connected cubic n-vertex graph is Ω(n^0.694), and the circumference of a 3-connected claw-free graph is Ω(n^0.121). We generalize and improve the first result by showing that every 3-edge-connected graph with m edges has an Eulerian subgraph with Ω(m^0.753) edges. We use this result together with the Ryjá?ek closure operation to improve the lower bound on the circumference of a 3-connected claw-free graph to Ω(n^0.753). Our proofs imply polynomial time algorithms for finding large Eulerian subgraphs of 3-edge-connected graphs and long cycles in 3-connected claw-free graphs.     

平面图形的等积变换

把紧密相连的圆环构成的圆盘以渐开线展开成等面积的直角三角形,得出了较为直观的由周长和半径表示的圆面积公式.更一般地可以得出:圆扇形由弧长和半径表示的面积公式,面积与其弧长的原函数关系;圆扇形与三角形之间、圆扇环形与梯形之间进行的等积变换,以及它们中弧长半径和边角间的对应关系,而对于曲边是变曲率的曲边扇形不具有这些关系和结论.