数学问题解答

2011年3月问题解答 (解答由问题提供人给出) 1991两定等圆⊙A和⊙B相交于M和N点,AB与MN相交于O点,PQ是⊙A的一条直径,连OP和OQ相交于⊙B于C和D点,连BC和BD与PQ相交于E和F点.     

关注总复习教学中中考数学试题的选择

复习课针对性很强,既要针对学生实际能力和教材重点复习和巩固已学基础知识,又要培养和提高学生灵活运用已学知识的基本技能和技巧,发展学生的逻辑思维和创新能力,因此上好复习课对提高教学质量十分重要,而选择、设计例习题是上好复习课的关键,但教材和教辅不可能做到每年编写一次,以前     

直线型动态几何

中考要求 把全等、相似的计算和证明通过运动变化,使之转化为探究和开放性问题,主要考查学生的猜想、探究和逻辑推理能力,培养学生的分析问题和解决问题的能力.直线型动态几何是近几年各地中考命题的热点和亮点.     

从一道错题中提升学生认知能力的研究

在古代汉语中,错和误是两个概念;分别代表了主观和客观对实际造成的偏差,现代汉语已将错误合一,表示认知和行为与实情的偏差.从心理学和哲学的角度来说,思维是人脑对客观现实的概括和间接的反映,反映事物本质及内部规律性:也就是说,任何错误的背后都揭示着思维过程存在的问题,如果能抓住这些问题,并加以引导和更正,那么就能提升学生的认知能力和思维能力.     

平行四边形的性质（第一课时）说课教案

一、教材1.教材的地位和作用(1)教材编排:平行四边形的性质是在学习了平行线和全等三角形,中心对称之后编排的,是平行线和三角形知识的应用和深化.四边形是初中平面几何的基本内容之一,而平行四边形又是四边形这块内容最重要的一块,也是学习其他特殊四边形的基础.(2)实践应用:平行四边形在生产生活实践中应用也很广泛,教育和学习应将理论和实践联系起来.(3)能力培养:通过本章的学习可以使学生的推理论证的能力得到进一步的巩固和提高,对培养和发展学生的逻辑思维能力和自主创新能力也有一定的帮助.2.教学目标根据学生已有认知基础及本课教材…     

Panel模型中的精确检验和置信区间

利用广义p-值和广义置信区间的概念,研究了Panel模型中未知参数的检验和置信区间问题.对于回归系数,分别考虑了单个情形和多个线性无关情形下的检验和置信区间问题,得到了精确检验和置信区间.对于方差分量,研究了其任意线性组合的检验和置信区间问题,建立了精确检验和置信区间.基于广义p-值和广义置信区间,获取精确检验和置信区间的方法具有计算方便、易应用于小样本问题的特点.最后,分别从理论和数值上研究了这些精确检验和置信区间的统计性质.     

不同分布(~ρ)混合序列加权和的完全收敛性

利用指数矩有限条件,研究了不同分布(~ρ)混合序列加权和的完全收敛性,建立并证明了关于阵列加权和完全收敛的两个重要定理,改进、统一和发展了Bai等、Song和Cai的主要结果.     

高考中与函数相关联的几个难点问题及教学反思

每年的高考试题,汇聚了全国和各省命题专家的智慧和心血,在培养学生的科学精神和创新思维方面不断探索和创新,将高考的考、教师的教、学生的学融为一体,对高中数学教学起到了很好的引领作用,也为我们不断提升高三数学复习的质量和水     

树立“转化”的思想方法学习立体几何

立体几何是高中数学的一个重要内容,这部分内容除了学习一些规则几何体的面积和体积公式外,重点是两种位置关系(平行和垂直)和两个度量性质(夹角和距离).在位置关系和度量性质的学习中,树立"转化"的思想方     

《高中数学竞赛专辑》征订启事

为了给广大教师和学生提供有效的培训资料和临考训练试题,华中师范大学数学竞赛和数学普及研究所、《数学通讯》编辑部连续四年组织编写了《高中数学竞赛专辑》,受到了广大读者的欢迎和好评.今年初,我     

Strong limit point criteria for a class of singular discrete linear Hamiltonian systems

This paper is concerned with the limit point case for a class of singular discrete linear Hamiltonian systems. The limit point case is divided into the strong and the weak limit point cases. Several sufficient conditions for the strong limit point case are established. In consequence, two criteria of the strong limit point case for second-order formally self-adjoint vector difference equations are obtained.     

每个点都是链回归点的树映射

设f是端点数为n的树T上的连续自映射且T上的每一点都是f的链回归点.本文证明了: (1)如果T的某个端点是f的不动点,那么,T上的每个点都是f的周期为r≤n-1的周期点,或存在自然数r ≤ n-1,使得fr含有湍流; (2)如果f的不动点都在T的内部,那么,T上的每个点都是f的周期为r≤n的周期点,或存在自然数r≤n,使得,fr含有湍流.     

拟二次系统的广义焦点量与极限环分枝

本文给出了拟二次系统的前18个奇点量和可积性条件,由此统一解决了几类实平面微分自治系统的初奇点、高次奇点以及无穷远点的中心焦点判定与极限环分枝问题.     

On farthest points of sets

For a convex closed bounded set in a Banach space, we study the existence and uniqueness problem for a point of this set that is the farthest point from a given point in space. In terms of the existence and uniqueness of the farthest point, as well as the Lipschitzian dependence of this point on a point in space, we obtain necessary and su.cient conditions for the strong convexity of a set in several infinite-dimensional spaces, in particular, in a Hilbert space. A set representable as the intersection of closed balls of a fixed radius is called a strongly convex set. We show that the condition “for each point in space that is sufficiently far from a set, there exists a unique farthest point of the set” is a criterion for the strong convexity of a set in a finite-dimensional normed space, where the norm ball is a strongly convex set and a generating set.     

一阶自回归模型参数变点的假设检验

本文讨论一阶自回归模型自回归参数$\phi$的变点问题. 对于一阶自回归模型, 在模型的白噪声序列的方差$\sigma^2$已知和未知的条件下, 利用最大似然方法, 我们分别讨论了模型自回归参数$\phi$的Abrupt Change-Point 和Gradual Change-Point的检测问题.     

向量值映射锥鞍点存在定理

本文首次通过借助Kakutani-Fan-Glicksberg固定点定理和非线性标量化,研究了向量值映射的Benson锥鞍点定理.然后,通过使用该Kakutani-Fan-Glicksberg固定点定理,同样得到了集值映射的锥松鞍点定理.     

On the stability of the vertical rotation of a solid suspended on a rod

The problem of the motion of a dynamically symmetric solid suspended from a fixed point by a weightless rod and two ball and socket joints one of which is fixed at the fixed point O', and the other is on the body axis of symmetry at the point O is considered. The question of the stability of the uniform body rotation when points O' and O, and the body centre of inertia C lie on the same vertical, and at the same time point O may be either above or below point O', and point C either above or below point O, is discussed. An analysis of the necessary and sufficient conditions for stability is given. The set of all the system's parameters is reduced to three independent dimensionless parameters L, Ω and β, and in the plane (L, Ω), for fixed values of β, the regions for which the unperturbed rotation is steady, or steady to a first approximation, or non-steady are indicated. The regions for which the body rotation is steady to a first approximation when the point O is situated higher than the point O', and the point C lies higher or lower than the point O are determined.

The sufficient conditions for the vertical rotation of a dynamically symmetric body suspended on a filament were obtained in /1/ and investigated for the cases where in non-perturbed motion the point C is below point O, when points C and O coincide, and when the length of the filament is zero (Lagrange gyroscope). In /2/ an analysis is given of the sufficient conditions for stability obtained in /1/, and also the necessary conditions for the cases where in a non-perturbed motion point C is located above point O.     

Generalized singular point quantity and integrability of degenerate resonant singular point

In this paper, integrability and generalized complex resonant center condition of degenerate resonant singular point for a class of complex polynomial differential system were studied. The concept of generalized singular point quantity of degenerate resonant singular point was proposed and the construction of that was studied. Two methods of computing generalized singular point quantities were given. Furthermore, the sufficient and necessary condition of integrability of degenerate resonant singular point was discussed for the first time.     

The generalized center problem of degenerate resonant singular point

In this paper, generalized center condition and integrability of degenerate resonant singular point for a class of complex polynomial differential system were studied. The method was based on a homeomorphic transformation of the degenerate singular point into elementary singular point, which allows us to compute the generalized singular point quantities and determine the generalized center condition for the origin. In the end, we obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions of generalized complex center of degenerate resonant singular point.     

求解互补约束优化问题的乘子松弛法

利用互补问题的Lagrange函数, 给出了互补约束优化问题\,(MPCC)\,的一种新松弛问题. 在较弱的条件下, 新松弛问题满足线性独立约束规范. 在此基础上, 提出了求解互补约束优化问题的乘子松弛法. 在MPCC-LICQ条件下, 松弛问题稳定点的任何聚点都是MPCC的M-稳定点. 无需二阶必要条件, 只在ULSC条件下, 就可保证聚点是MPCC的B-稳定点. 另外, 给出了算法收敛于B-稳定点的新条件.