对某些方法一般化的讨论

讨论了高等数学中由曲线生成曲面问题,多元函数求导问题,和多元函数极值问题的一般化方法,这些方法简单,易于为学生所接受。     

多元函数微积分方法在微分方程中的应用举例

牢固地掌握高等数学知识是顺利解决高等数学问题的前提和基础。在掌握教材上各个章节的局部知识基础上 ,还要进一步搞清楚高等数学各章节间有什么联系 ,使之成为一个有机整体 ,形成知识系统。考研试题就考这个能力。本文通过例题形式 ,说明多元函数微分学、多元函数积分学与常微分方程间有什么联系和应用。一方面开拓同学们的视野 ,另一方面传授“如何总结高等数学各章节之间有什么联系”之经验。一、多元函数微分学在微分方程中的应用例 1　设函数 f ( u)具有二阶连续导数 ,而 z=f ( exsiny)满足 2 z x2 + 2 z y2 =e2 xz,求 f ( u)。 ( 97…     

一种新的求解带约束的有限极大极小问题的精确罚函数

提出了一种新的精确光滑罚函数求解带约束的极大极小问题．仅仅添加一个额外的变量,利用这个精确光滑罚函数,将带约束的极大极小问题转化为无约束优化问题． 证明了在合理的假设条件下,当罚参数充分大,罚问题的极小值点就是原问题的极小值点．进一步,研究了局部精确性质．数值结果表明这种罚函数算法是求解带约束有限极大极小问题的一种有效算法．     

用非线性方程组求解等式约束非线性规划问题的降维算法

本文研究线性和非线性等式约束非线性规划问题的降维算法.首先,利用一般等式约束问题的降维方法,将线性等式约束非线性规划问题转换成一个非线性方程组,解非线性方程组即得其解;然后,对线性和非线性等式约束非线性规划问题用Lagrange乘子法,将非线性约束部分和目标函数构成增广的Lagrange函数,并保留线性等式约束,这样便得到一个线性等式约束非线性规划序列,从而,又将问题转化为求解只含线性等式约束的非线性规划问题.     

逐次极值法

在中学数学及竞赛数学中，常出现多元函数极值问题．多元函数极值问题的一般解决要用到高等数学方法，但中学生由于数学知识有限而不能用高等数学方法．本文提出一种具有普遍意义和实用价值的解决多元函数极值问题的初等方法，我们把它称作“逐次极值法”．在本文中，我们...     

多元函数的极值、条件极值和最值的关系

多元函数的极值、条件极值和最值的关系叶克芳（江苏吴县电视大学）我们通常所能看到的有关微积分和高等数学的教科书和参考书中，在讲到多元函数的微分法的应用方面，都列举了多元函数的极值、条件极值和最值的有关理论和例题，至于三者的关系很少谈起，本文就此问题浅谈...     

具等式约束的最优性一阶条件研究

本把Botsko于1986年首先提出的关于多元函数f(x)于点x^#取极小值的一阶充分条件加以改进，并推广到具有等式约束的情形。得到的若干成果将为解决经济优化问题提供方便。     

不同教材中高等数学概念的辩析

对同济六版高等数学与西安交大版高等数学中关于多元函数微分学中概念的比较分析,结合例题给出它们区别与联系.     

带等式约束的光滑优化问题的一类新的精确罚函数

罚函数方法是将约束优化问题转化为无约束优化问题的主要方法之一. 不包含目标函数和约束函数梯度信息的罚函数, 称为简单罚函数. 对传统精确罚函数而言, 如果它是简单的就一定是非光滑的; 如果它是光滑的, 就一定不是简单的. 针对等式约束优化问题, 提出一类新的简单罚函数, 该罚函数通过增加一个新的变量来控制罚项. 证明了此罚函数的光滑性和精确性, 并给出了一种解决等式约束优化问题的罚函数算法. 数值结果表明, 该算法对于求解等式约束优化问题是可行的.     

解非线性规划的凝聚函数法

本文提出求解非线性规划的一种新方法,称为凝聚函数法。首先用“极大值”约凍代替原约束集合,把原来的多约束优化问题变为一个不可微的单约束优化问题;然后利用代理约束概念和最大熵原理导出一个可微函数,并以此逼近不可微的极大值函数,将原问题化为一个可微的单约束优化问题.在此基础上,我们构造了一个乘子惩罚函数算法。该算法具有收敛稳定、速度快和易于计算机实现等优点,特别适于求解含大量约束的非线性规划问题。     

Estimates of stability of characterization of additive types of distributions

An estimate of stability of characterization of distribution types is obtained for the case of additive types. Under some conditions, the estimate has the order ε^1/3L(ε), where L(ε) is a slowly varying function. Proceedings of the Seminar on Stability Problems for Stochastic Models, Moscow, Russia, 1996, Part I.     

Study of the blow-up of solutions of systems of equations of hydrodynamic type

Mathematical Notes - We study the initial boundary-value problem for three-dimensional systems of equations of pseudoparabolic type. The system is similar to the Oskolkov system, but differs from...     

一类完全正则半群簇子簇格的性质

本文研究了完全正则半群簇的子簇格［Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ，Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ］的某些格运算性质，我们证明了簇Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ可分解为Ｖ与Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ的并；对任意完全正则半群簇Ｗ，有Ｗ∩（Ｖ∨Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ）＝（Ｗ∩Ｖ）∨（Ｗ∩Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ）．特别地，我们得到了等式Ｖ＋∩ＰＶ＝Ｖ成立的若干条件．     

Characterization of types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses

We give a characterization of the types of asymptotic discernibility of families of hypotheses in the case of hypothetical measures that are not, in general, mutually absolutely continuous. The case when the logarithm of the likelihood ratio admits an asymptotic expansion of the type of an expansion with local asymptotic normality is examined in detail. Examples are studied.Translated fromTeoriya Sluchainykh Protsessov, Vol. 15, pp. 64–71, 1987.     

Distribution of types of symmetry of tensors of high degree

The asymptotic distribution of tensors of degree N in symmetry types is studied in this paper.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 155, pp. 181–186, 1986.     

Preservation of equivalence of derivations under reduction of depth of formulas

In this paper we consider derivations in the (&, )-fragment of the intuitionistic propositional calculus. As is known, replacement of any occurrence of a formula [F] in a sequent S by an occurrence of the formula [p], where p is a new propositional variable, with the simultaneous addition to the antecedent of the formula F p or p F depending on the sign of the occurrence of F in S, leaves the derivability unchanged. We give a proof of the fact that the natural extension of this transformation to derivations preserves the relation of equivalence of derivations, i.e., transformed derivations are equivalent if and only if the originals are equivalent. (Derivations are considered equivalent if certain of their normal forms coincide, or, what is the same, if their deductive terms coincide.) It is proved that by the iteration of this transformation, each derivation of an arbitrary sequent S can be transformed into a derivation of a sequent S, depending only on S, whose succedent is a variable, and in the antecedent there occur only formulas of the form a,a & b, a b,,(a b) c, a & b c, a (b & c), wherea, b, c are variables. Here if S is balanced, then S is also balanced. (A sequent is called balanced if each variable occurs in it no more than twice.) The familiar correspondence between certain concepts of the theory of categories and concepts of the theory of proofs allows one to assert that there has been constructed a univalent functor, mapping a free Cartesian closed category into itself.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 88, pp. 197–207, 1979.     

Estimate of growth of Lebesgue functions of linear methods of summation

Sufficient conditions are obtained in terms of matrix elements for the boundedness of Lebesgue functions of linear methods of summation of expansions in orthogonal systems of polynomial type.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 277–286, September, 1969.