Analysis of arbitrarily shaped planar cracks in two-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystals with thermal effects. Part II: Numerical solutions

The extended displacement discontinuity (EDD) boundary element method is developed to analyze an arbitrarily shaped planar crack in two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal quasicrystals (QCs) with thermal effects. The EDDs include the phonon and phason displacement discontinuities and the temperature discontinuity on the crack face. Green's functions for uniformly distributed EDDs over triangular and rectangular elements for 2D hexagonal QCs are derived. Employing the proposed EDD boundary element method, a rectangular crack is analyzed to verify the Green's functions by discretizing the crack with rectangular and triangular elements. Furthermore, the elliptical crack problem for 2D hexagonal QCs is investigated. Normal, tangential, and thermal loads are applied on the crack face, and the numerical results are presented graphically.     

Coupling of the Reynolds Fluid-Film Equation with the 2D Navier-Stokes Equations

The pressure field in thin fluid films can quite precisely be calculated by Reynolds fluid-film equation. In some problems, it may be useful to couple thin fluid-films with general 2D or 3D fluid flows. In the current work, we analyze the fluid flow, pressure and temperature field in a hydrodynamic journal bearing with a rectangular oil groove. Pressure and temperature in the fluid gap are calculated by means of the Reynolds equation and the 2D energy equation. Cavitation effects are taken into account by incorporating a 2-phase cavitation approach. In order to calculate the velocity and pressure field in the oil groove, the 2D Navier-Stokes equations are used; the temperature distribution in the oil groove is computed by means of the 2D energy equation. Appropriate coupling conditions for velocity, pressure and temperature are formulated in order to couple the flow in the fluid gap with the flow in the oil groove. Thermal expansion of journal shaft and bearing housing are also taken into account, since the bearing clearance changes with increasing temperature. (© 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Out-of-plane displacement measurement near the crack tip during a crack propagation: Validation of a 3D formulation for a specimen in PMMA loaded in mode I.

The fundamental aim of this study is the determination zone of the 3D effects and the transient one at the vicinity of the crack tip during a crack propagation in brittle materials ( PMMA ) using an optical method (Michelson interferometer). With the obtained interferograms, we can extract the phase (thus the relief) by using a new numerical approach based on the principle of images correlation between real fringes and virtual fringes. Different dynamic tests are realized by a plate loaded in mode I under a constant loading. We compare the obtained data with the two-dimensional theory of Westergaard (plane stress hypothesis) [1]. With the divergence is established, we propose a new 3D formulation, based on a formulation employed for static crack, which takes into account 3D and transient effects. For the static cracks, the 3D effects relate to a presence of the state of three-dimensional stresses. However in dynamics, the transient effects appear and are related to the crack propagation velocity. The 3D effects and transient effects lead to results equivalent to experimental ones in terms of displacement but are completely different to results given by the two-dimensional theory near the crack tip. It is possible to quantify the zone when the plane stress hypothesis is not valid according to the crack propagation speed V. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Analysis of arbitrarily shaped planar cracks in two-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystals with thermal effects. Part I: Theoretical solutions

An extended displacement discontinuity (EDD) boundary integral equation method is proposed for analysis of arbitrarily shaped planar cracks in two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal quasicrystals (QCs) with thermal effects. The EDDs include the phonon and phason displacement discontinuities and the temperature discontinuity on the crack surface. Green's functions for unit point EDDs in an infinite three-dimensional medium of 2D hexagonal QC are derived using the Hankel transform method. Based on the Green's functions and the superposition theorem, the EDD boundary integral equations for an arbitrarily shaped planar crack in an infinite 2D hexagonal QC body are established. Using the EDD boundary integral equation method, the asymptotic behavior along the crack front is studied and the classical singular index of 1/2 is obtained at the crack edge. The extended stress intensity factors are expressed in terms of the EDDs across crack surfaces. Finally, the energy release rate is obtained using the definitions of the stress intensity factors.     

MDS 2D convolutional codes with optimal 1D horizontal projections

Two dimensional (2D) convolutional codes is a class of codes that generalizes standard one-dimensional (1D) convolutional codes in order to treat two dimensional data. In this paper we present a novel and concrete construction of 2D convolutional codes with the particular property that their projection onto the horizontal lines yield optimal [in the sense of Almeida et al. (Linear Algebra Appl 499:1–25, 2016)] 1D convolutional codes with a certain rate and certain Forney indices. Moreover, using this property we show that the proposed constructions are indeed maximum distance separable, i.e., are 2D convolutional codes having the maximum possible distance among all 2D convolutional codes with the same parameters. The key idea is to use a particular type of superregular matrices to build the generator matrix.     

全有向图的幂敛指数

设D为有向图，T（D）为D的全有向图（Total-digraph),k(D)和p(D)分别为D的幂敛指数（Index of convergence)与周期（Period)，本文证明了。1，对任意非平凡有向图D,p(T(D))=1,k(T(D))≤max{2p(D)-1,2K(D) 1}，特别地，当D为本原有向图时，k(T(D))≤k(D) 1，当D不含有向圈时，k(T(D))=2k(D)-1；当D为有向圈Cn时，k(T(D))=2n-1.2。对任意非平凡强连通图D,k(T(D))≥Diam(D) 1。我们还证明了以上界是不可改进的最好界。     

REMARKS ON JOHN DISKS

Let D■R2 be a Jordan domain,D*=R2\D,the exterior of D.In this article,the authors obtained the following results:(1)If D is a John disk,then D is an outer linearly locally connected domain;(2)If D* is a John disk,then D is an inner linearly locally connected domain;(3)A homeomorphism f:R 2 →R 2 is a quasiconformal mapping if and only if f(D)is a John disk for any John disk D■R 2 ;and(4)If D is a bounded quasidisk,then D is a John disk,and there exists an unbounded quasidisk which is not a John disk.     

拟共形映射和弱John域

作为John域的推广,本文定义了弱John域,并讨论了弱John域与拟圆、弱John域与拟共形 映射之间的关系,得到(1)若(?)。中的Jordan域D和它的外部 均是弱John域,则D 是拟圆;(2)R2中的弱John域是拟共不变的;(3)R2中的有界拟圆必是弱John域．最后构造例子 说明R2中的无界拟圆不一定是弱John域．     

Total variation regularization for the reconstruction of a mountain topography

The aim of this paper is to reconstruct a paleo mountain topography using a total variation (TV) regularization. A coupled system integrates the tectonic process with the surface process to simulate the evolution of a paleo mountain topography. The tectonic process and the surface process are described by a 3D convection-diffusion equation and a 2D convection-diffusion equation, respectively. We recover a piecewise smooth velocity field for the tectonic process as well as reconstruct a piecewise smooth mountain topography for the surface process using a TV regularization in an iterative fashion. The effects of the number of samples and of wavelengths on inversions are investigated. In our numerical experiments, we shall experience three difficulties: (I) recovering a large quantity of information from the limited amount of measurement data; (II) detecting sharp features; (III) choosing a properly initial guess value for a TV regularization. The numerical experiments show that a TV regularization is an efficient and stable algorithm.     

Numerical study of the primary breakup of a plane liquid sheet with co-flowing air streams

The objective of this study is to model the primary breakup of a plane liquid sheet emerging from an air-blast nozzle. In the present work the interface compression scheme proposed by OpenCFD Ltd. [1] has been used to capture the interface between the liquid and gas. A One-equation subgrid scale (sgs) turbulent energy transport model attributed to Yoshizawa [2] is used for modeling the effects of turbulence. The set up case selected for this study is based on the experiments carried out by Mitra [3]. The 2D simulations performed in this study predict the breakup length of the plane liquid sheet in good agreement with the experimental data. Future work will involve, performing 3D simulations of the plane liquid sheet generated by the air-blast nozzle and performing comparisons of the resulting droplet characteristics with the experimental data. (© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

On the existence of global weak solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations for viscous compressible and heat conducting fluids

The purpose of this work is to investigate the problem of global in time existence of sequences of weak solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations for viscous compressible and heat conducting fluids. A class of density and temperature dependent viscosity and conductivity coefficients is considered. This result extends P.-L. Lions' work in 1993 [P.-L. Lions, Compacité des solutions des équations de Navier–Stokes compressibles isentropiques, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Sér. I 317 (1993) 115–120] restricted to barotropic flows, and provides weak solutions “à la Leray” to the full compressible model that includes internal energy evolution equation with thermal conduction effects. A partial answer is therefore given to this currently widely open problem, described for instance in P.-L. Lions' book [P.-L. Lions, Mathematical Topics in Fluid Dynamics, vol. 2, Compressible Models, Oxford Science Publication, Oxford, 1998]. The proof uses the generalization to the temperature dependent case, of a new mathematical entropy equality derived by the authors in [D. Bresch, B. Desjardins, Some diffusive capillary models of Korteweg type, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Section Mécanique 332 (11) (2004) 881–886]. The construction scheme of approximate solutions, using on additional regularizing effects such as capillarity, is provided in [D. Bresch, B. Desjardins, On the construction of approximate solutions for 2D viscous shallow water model and for compressible Navier–Stokes models, J. Math. Pures Appl. 86 (4) (2006) 362–368], and allows to use the stability arguments of this paper.     

解析函数与Lipschitz条件

研究了解析函数与Lipschitz条件,得到了如下两个结果:(i)设D是一平面区域,f(z)在D中解析,00,对任意z∈D有|f′(z)|≤md(z,D)k-1,则f∈Lipk(D)且‖f‖k≤cmk,其中c=c(D)是仅与D有关的常数.     

Numerical modelling of 3D sloshing experiments in rectangular tanks

This work encompasses numerical and experimental studies of three-dimensional (3D) sloshing problems. The two-fluid viscous flow, which is solved within a stabilized finite element context, involves liquid and gaseous phases. The free surface is captured with a level set (LS) method, including the bounded renormalization with continuous penalization technique, to avoid the well-known spreading of the marker function. Specifically, this technique is improved with a volume-preserving algorithm for long-term analyses. To verify the numerical model, the responses of free-sloshing cases are compared with analytical solutions and other results computed using a Lagrangian technique. These simulations assess the influence of considering two-dimensional (2D) and 3D analyses, as well as the effects of depth and viscosity. This work presents data obtained from a forced sloshing experiment that is specifically devoted to 3D free surface behaviour. Free surface evolution measurements are used to validate the numerical method. Moreover, the effect of the initial conditions used to promote 3D behaviour in the modelling is evaluated.     

Elastic Wave Propagation in Soft Microstructured Composites Undergoing Finite Deformations

We consider the propagation of elastic waves in soft composite materials undergoing large deformations. The analysis is performed in terms of small amplitude motions superimposed on a deformed state. By consideration of 2D periodic laminates and 3D fiber composites, we find that an applied deformation influences the elastic waves through the change in the microstructure, and through the change in the local material properties. These effects can be significantly amplified by the deformation induced elastic instability phenomenon leading to microstructure transformations. (© 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

finite groups with schmidt group as automorphism group

This paper continues the work of D.MacHale,D.Flannery(Proc.R.Ir.Acad.81A,209—215;83A,189—196)and the author(Proc.R.Ir.Acad,90A,57—62;J.Southwest China Normal University 15,No.1,21.—28)on the topic on“Finite groupswith given Automorphism group”.The following result is proved:Let G be a finite group with Aut G a Schmidt group.Then G is isomorphic toS_3 or Klain 4-group.,or D such that Aut D=Inn D.D is aSchmidt group of order 2~(?)p.S_2(∈Syl_2D)is a normal and special group exoept asupersperspecial group without commutative generators.     

Function Algebras on Disks

For a small closed disk D in the complex plane the uniform closure A in C ( D ) of the polynomials in z 2 and a second function of the form f 2 , with f behaving as [zbar], is considered. It has been shown before, using theory of polynomial convexity, that A p C ( D ) for some choices of f , while for other choices of f the situation A = C ( D ) can occur. A new class of functions f is presented for which A = C ( D ).     

On Bounded Positive(m,p)-Circle Domains

Let D be a bounded positive(m, p)-circle domain in C~2. The authors prove that if dim(Iso(D)~0) = 2, then D is holomorphically equivalent to a Reinhardt domain; if dim(Iso(D)~0) = 4, then D is holomorphically equivalent to the unit ball in C~2. Moreover,the authors prove the Thullen's classification on bounded Reinhardt domains in C~2 by the Lie group technique.     

3D finite element analysis of biofilm growth considering nutrient diffusion

There exist a lot of models that are able to describe the behavior of biofilm systems. They can be classified into (1) analytical models, (2) pseudo-analytical models, and (3) numerical models. Based on the numerous advantages of numerical models in this work a 3D mechanical biofilm model is discussed and implemented into a finite element program in order to simulate growth effects coupled with the nutrient diffusion through the biofilm. Based on three-dimensional biofilm structures, numerical examples are presented in order to show the ability of the new modeling approach. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

有向P2-路图的结构性质

一个有向图D的有向Pk-路图Pk(D)是通过把D中的所有有向k长路作为点集;两点u= x1x2…xk+1,v=y1y2…yk+1之间有弧uv当xi=yi-1,i=2,3,…,k+1.明显地,当k=1时Pk(D)就是通常的有向线图L(D).在[1,2]中,P2-路图得到完整刻画.在[3]中,Broersma等人研究了有向...