高维非齐次时间分数阶扩散-波动方程的解析解问题

分数阶微积分是专门研究任意阶积分和微分的数学性质及其应用的领域,是传统的整数阶微积分的推广,分数阶微分方程是含有非整数阶导数的方程.时间分数阶扩散-波动方程可以用来模拟由传统的扩散-波动方程演变而来的反常扩散方程.考虑在有限区间上高维非齐次时间分数阶扩散-波动方程的初边值问题.利用分离变量法,导出了高维非齐次时间分数阶扩散-波动方程初边值问题的基本解.     

Hilfer-Katugampola序列分数阶微分方程边值问题Lyapunov型不等式

研究了Hilfer-Katugampola序列分数阶微分方程多点边值问题Lyapunov型不等式.首先,利用Hilfer-Katugampola分数阶微积分的定义和性质将HilferKatugampola序列分数阶微分方程边值问题等价转化为带有Green函数的积分方程问题.其次,定义相应的Banach空间并结合先验估计方法得到了Lyapunov型不等式.最后,通过给出一系列推论说明该文研究结果推广和丰富了已有文献相关工作.     

一类非线性分数阶多点边值问题的可解性

研究下面一类非线性分数阶微分方程多点边值问题■通过应用Mawhin重合度理论得到解的存在性结果.此结论拓展了在分数阶多点边值问题这个领域的以前的结果.     

两类分数阶微分方程的边值问题

本文研究了两类非线性项含有未知函数导数的分数阶微分方程的边值问题.利用分数阶微积分的性质及Banach不动点定理,获得了解的存在唯一性等有关结果,推广了已有文献的结论.     

Liouville在分数阶微积分概念方面的研究

分数阶微积分的概念是以整数阶微积分理论研究为基础,而分数阶微积分概念的建立经历了漫长的过程.探析此过程中数学家在研究分数阶微积分理论方面的贡献,进而整理Liouville在分数阶微积分概念方面的研究,进一步概括分数阶微积分第一定义的由来以及为后续相关研究奠定的坚实基础.     

一类具有分数阶积分条件的分数阶微分方程组边值问题的可解性

研究一类具有Riemann-Liouville分数阶积分条件的分数阶微分方程组边值问题,将该问题转化为等价的积分方程组,应用Leray-Schauder不动点定理和Banach压缩映像原理,结合一个分数阶形式的新不等式,获得了该问题解的存在性和唯一性结果,并给出一个应用实例.     

半正的分数阶微分方程(n-1,1)-型积分边值问题的多个正解

采用Riemann-Liouville分数阶导数,研究了半正的分数阶微分方程(n-1,1)-型积分边值问题,获得了参数λ的一个区间,使得λ落在这个区间的时候,该半正的分数阶微分方程边值问题有多个正解.     

分数阶微分方程边值问题解的存在性

应用Gteen函数将分数阶微分方程边值问题可转化为等价的积分方程．近来此方法被应用于讨论非线性分数阶微分方程边值问题解的存在性．讨论非线性分数阶微分方程边值问题,应用Green函数,将其转化为等价的积分方程,并设非线性项满足Caratheodory条件,利用非紧性测度的性质和M6nch’s不动点定理证明解的存在性．     

分数阶微分方程多点分数阶边值问题

研究分数阶微分方程多点分数阶边值问题解的存在性与唯一性,利用不动点定理,得到了边值问题存在唯一解和至少存在1个解的充分条件.     

一类非线性项带导数的p-Laplacian边值问题正解的存在性和多解性

本文研究了一类非线性项带导数的p-Laplacian算子的分数阶微分方程边值问题正解的存在性和多解性.首先,利用分数阶微分方程和边值条件给出了该边值问题的Green函数,然后利用Guo-Krasnosel’skii’s不动点定理和Leggett-Williams不动点定理得出该边值问题一个或者三个正解的存在性结论.作为应用,给出两个例子验证了结论的适用性,特别是,用迭代法进行了逼近模拟,给出解的图形.值得一提的是此文研究的微分方程的非线性项是带有Riemann-Liouville型分数阶微分.     

Quadratic spline solution for boundary value problem of fractional order

Fractional differential equations are widely applied in physics, chemistry as well as engineering fields. Therefore, approximating the solution of differential equations of fractional order is necessary. We consider the quadratic polynomial spline function based method to find approximate solution for a class of boundary value problems of fractional order. We derive a consistency relation which can be used for computing approximation to the solution for this class of boundary value problems. Convergence analysis of the method is discussed. Four numerical examples are included to illustrate the practical usefulness of the proposed method.     

A fractional partial differential equation based multiscale denoising model for texture image

Traditional integer‐order partial differential equation based image denoising approach can easily lead edge and complex texture detail blur, thus its denoising effect for texture image is always not well. To solve the problem, we propose to implement a fractional partial differential equation (FPDE) based denoising model for texture image by applying a novel mathematical method—fractional calculus to image processing from the view of system evolution. Previous studies show that fractional calculus has some unique properties that it can nonlinearly enhance complex texture detail in digital image processing, which is obvious different with integer‐order differential calculus. The goal of the modeling is to overcome the problems of the existed denoising approaches by utilizing the aforementioned properties of fractional differential calculus. Using classic definition and property of fractional differential calculus, we extend integer‐order steepest descent approach to fractional field to implement fractional steepest descent approach. Then, based on the earlier fractional formulas, a FPDE based multiscale denoising model for texture image is proposed and further analyze optimal parameters value for FPDE based denoising model. The experimental results prove that the ability for preserving high‐frequency edge and complex texture information of the proposed fractional denoising model are obviously superior to traditional integral based algorithms, as for texture detail rich images. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Legendre condition of the fractional calculus of variations

Fractional operators play an important role in modelling nonlocal phenomena and problems involving coarse-grained and fractal spaces. The fractional calculus of variations with functionals depending on derivatives and/or integrals of noninteger order is a rather recent subject that is currently in fast development due to its applications in physics and other sciences. In the last decade, several approaches to fractional variational calculus were proposed by using different notions of fractional derivatives and integrals. Although the literature of the fractional calculus of variations is already vast, much remains to be done in obtaining necessary and sufficient conditions for the optimization of fractional variational functionals, existence and regularity of solutions. Regarding necessary optimality conditions, all works available in the literature concern the derivation of first-order fractional conditions of Euler–Lagrange type. In this work, we obtain a Legendre second-order necessary optimality condition for weak extremizers of a variational functional that depends on fractional derivatives.     

The DuBois–Reymond Fundamental Lemma of the Fractional Calculus of Variations and an Euler–Lagrange Equation Involving Only Derivatives of Caputo

Derivatives and integrals of noninteger order were introduced more than three centuries ago but only recently gained more attention due to their application on nonlocal phenomena. In this context, the Caputo derivatives are the most popular approach to fractional calculus among physicists, since differential equations involving Caputo derivatives require regular boundary conditions. Motivated by several applications in physics and other sciences, the fractional calculus of variations is currently in fast development. However, all current formulations for the fractional variational calculus fail to give an Euler–Lagrange equation with only Caputo derivatives. In this work, we propose a new approach to the fractional calculus of variations by generalizing the DuBois–Reymond lemma and showing how Euler–Lagrange equations involving only Caputo derivatives can be obtained.     

A higher dimensional fractional Borel‐Pompeiu formula and a related hypercomplex fractional operator calculus

In this paper, we develop a fractional integro‐differential operator calculus for Clifford algebra‐valued functions. To do that, we introduce fractional analogues of the Teodorescu and Cauchy‐Bitsadze operators, and we investigate some of their mapping properties. As a main result, we prove a fractional Borel‐Pompeiu formula based on a fractional Stokes formula. This tool in hand allows us to present a Hodge‐type decomposition for the fractional Dirac operator. Our results exhibit an amazing duality relation between left and right operators and between Caputo and Riemann‐Liouville fractional derivatives. We round off this paper by presenting a direct application to the resolution of boundary value problems related to Laplace operators of fractional order.     

The construction of operational matrix of fractional derivatives using B-spline functions

Fractional calculus has been used to model physical and engineering processes that are found to be best described by fractional differential equations. For that reason we need a reliable and efficient technique for the solution of fractional differential equations. Here we construct the operational matrix of fractional derivative of order α in the Caputo sense using the linear B-spline functions. The main characteristic behind the approach using this technique is that it reduces such problems to those of solving a system of algebraic equations thus we can solve directly the problem. The method is applied to solve two types of fractional differential equations, linear and nonlinear. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the new technique presented in the current paper.     

The effect of fractional calculus on the formation of quantum-mechanical operators

In this paper, the deformation of the ordinary quantum mechanics is formulated based on the idea of conformable fractional calculus. Some properties of fractional calculus and fractional elementary functions are investigated. The fractional wave equation in 1 + 1 dimension and fractional version of the Lorentz transformation are discussed. Finally, the fractional quantum mechanics is formulated; infinite potential well problem, density of states for the ideal gas, and quantum harmonic oscillator problem are discussed.     

Stability analysis and a numerical scheme for fractional Klein‐Gordon equations

Fractional order nonlinear Klein‐Gordon equations (KGEs) have been widely studied in the fields like; nonlinear optics, solid state physics, and quantum field theory. In this article, with help of the Sumudu decomposition method (SDM), a numerical scheme is developed for the solution of fractional order nonlinear KGEs involving the Caputo's fractional derivative. The coupled method provides us very efficient numerical scheme in terms of convergent series. The iterative scheme is applied to illustrative examples for the demonstration and applications.     

An approach to differential geometry of fractional order via modified Riemann-Liouville derivative

In order to cope with some difficulties due to the fact that the derivative of a constant is not zero with the commonly accepted Riemann-Liouville definition of fractional derivative, one (Jumarie) has proposed recently an alternative referred to as (local) modified Riemann-Liouville definition, which directly, provides a Taylor’s series of fractional order for non differentiable functions. We examine here in which way this calculus can be used as a framework for a differential geometry of fractional order. One will examine successively implicit function, manifold, length of curves, radius of curvature, Christoffel coefficients, velocity, acceleration. One outlines the application of this framework to Lagrange optimization in mechanics, and one concludes with some considerations on a possible fractional extension of the pseudo-geodesic of thespecial relativity and of the Lorentz transformation.