形式幂级数环上的自对偶码（英文）

The codes of formal power series rings R_∞=F[[r]]={sum from i=0 to ∞(a_lr~l|a_l∈F)}and finite chain rings R_i={a_0+a_1r+…+a_(i-1)r~(i-1)|a_i∈F}have close relationship in lifts and projection.In this paper,we study self-dual codes over R_∞by means of self-dual codes over Ri,and give some characterizations of self-dual codes over R_∞.     

形式幂级数环上的自对偶码

形式幂级数环R_∞=F[[γ]]={sum from l=0 to a_lγ~l|a_l∈F}与有限链环R_i={a_0+a_1γ+…+a_(i-1)γ~(i-1)|a_i∈F}的码的投影与提升有密切关系.利用形式幂级数环R_∞上码C在有限链环R_i的投影码的自正交性与自对偶性来研究码C的自正交性与自对偶性,得到了两个有意义的结果.     

一个定理的应用一、二例

多项式a_nx~n+a_(n-1)~x~(n-1)+…a_1x+a。能被x-1整除的充要条件是a_n+a_(n-1)+…+a_1+a_0=0。根据因式定理,便可得到如下推论: “一元方程a_nx~n+a_(n-1)x~(n-1)+…+a_1x+a_0=0, x=1是它的一个根的充要条件是 a_n+a_(n-1)+…a_1+a_0=0”。在初中数学中,为了证明上述推论,可用以下方法:设x=1是方程的一个根,则得a_n+a_(n-1)+…+a_1+a_0=0,证明了条件是必要的。次设条件成立,则得a_n(x~n-1)+a_(n-1)(x~(n-1))+…+a_1(x-1)=0,可知此方程有一根是x=1,证明了条件充分。     

关于一元n次方程的一个定理及应用

定理如果方程a_0x~n a_1x~n-1 … a_(n-1)x a_n=0有且仅有k个非零根a_1,a_2,…,a_2,那么方程a_nx~2 a_(n-1)x~(n-1) … a_1x a_0=0也有且仅有k个非零根,分别为1/a_1,1/a_2,…,1/a_2。此定理易证,在此证略,作为定理的应用,我们来看以下的两道例题: 例1 已知不等式     

实系数高次方程无实根的判定

在科学技术的许多问题中,常常需要解实系数高次方程,即求出这些高次方程的实根或判定它无实数根。本文介绍实系数高次方程a_0x~n+a_1x~(n-1)+…0+a_n=0 (a_i∈R,i=0,1,…,n,a_0≠0)无实根的几种判定方法. 定理1 若a_0>0,a_n>0,a_1,a_2,…,a_(n-1)≥0或a_0<0,a_n<0,a_1,a_2,…,a_(n-1)≤0,则方程     

組合数級数及其应用

Ⅰ.組合数級数与它的和由组合公式: C_x~r=x(x-1)(x-2)…(x-r+1)/r!, C_(ax+b)~r=(ax+b)(ax+b-1)(ax+b-2)…(ax+b-r+1)/r!, C_(a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+a_s)~r=(a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+a_s)..(a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+ a_s-1)(a_0x~s++a_1x~(s-1)+…+a_s-2)… ..(a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+a_s-r+1)/r!, 可知C_x~r,C_(ax+b)~r为x的r次函数,C_(a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+a_s)~r为x的rs次函数。因此当x取連續整数时,C_x~r,c_(ax+b)~r的数列是r阶等差級数;C_(a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+as)~r的数列是rs阶等差級数。或者說:从連續整数或等差級数(x取連續整数时ax+b的数列是等差級数)中取r的組合数的数列是r阶等差級数;从s阶等差級数(x取連續整数时a_0x~s+a_1x~(s-1)+…+a_s的数列是s阶等差級数)中取r的組合数的数列是rs阶等差級数。     

n阶常系数齐次线性常微分方程通解的简单证法

<正> 方程a_0y~(n)+a_1y~(n-1)+……+a_(n-1)y’+a_ny=0(1)称为n阶常系数齐次线性常微分方程,这里a_0,a_1,…,a_n是一些常数,a_0≠0。(1)的通解表达式证明是很繁复的(譬如参见史捷班诺夫的常数微分方程一书)。我们来介绍一个简单的证法。用D来表示求导运算,即Dy=y’,则(1)可写成f(D)y=0 (2)其中f(D)是D的n次多项式f(D)=a_0D~n+a_1D~(n-1)+…+a_(n-1)D+a_n.(3)     

2021年北京高考数学第21题的推广和变式北大核心

1试题回顾例1(2021年北京高考数学第21题)设p为实数,若无穷数列{a_(n)}同时满足如下三个性质,则称{a_(n)}为R_(p)数列:①a_(1)+p≥0且a_(2)+p=0;②a_(4n-1)相似文献   

求幂级数和函数的部分分式法

<正> 设P_m(x)=a_0x~m+a_1x~(m-1)+…+a_(m-1)x+a_m。P_m(k)≠0,(k= 0,1,2,…,m)则有部分分式分解式     

奇妙数趣谈

为叙述方便,我们做如下约定: ① 排列a_m _1a_(m 2)…a_na_1a_2…a_m叫排列a_1a_2…a_n的一个轮换; ②由高至低各数位上数字分别为a_1,a_2,…,a_n的n位数记做1/a_1a_2…a_n(这里允许a_1=0,如0371=371);     

Parametric decomposition of powers of ideals versus regularity of sequences

Let be an ideal in a Noetherian local ring . Then the sequence is -regular if every is a non-zerodivisor in and if for all integers , where runs over the elements of the set .

     

由H\"{o}rmander向量场构成的抛物方程的 $W_{\ast}^{1,p}$ 正则性

设 $X_{1},\cdots ,X_{q}\ (q相似文献   

On analytic continuation of a hypergeometric series using the Euler-Knopp transformation

The Euler-Knopp transformation is considered in terms of the problems of regularity and acceleration of the rate of convergence. The object of study is the hypergeometric series

Projektive Skalen,Tschebyscheff-Polynome und Fibonacci-Zahlen

Summary. Let $\widehat{\widehat T}_n$ and $\overline U_n$ denote the modified Chebyshev polynomials defined by $\widehat{\widehat T}_n (x) = {T_{2n + 1} \left(\sqrt{x + 3 \over 4} \right) \over \sqrt{x + 3 \over 4}}, \quad \overline U_{n}(x) = U_{n} \left({x + 1 \over 2}\right) \qquad (n \in \mathbb{N}_{0},\ x \in \mathbb{R}).$ For all $n \in \mathbb{N}_{0}$ define $\widehat{\widehat T}_{-(n + 1)} = \widehat{\widehat T}_n$ and $\overline U_{-(n + 2)} = - \overline U_n$, furthermore $\overline U_{-1} = 0$. In this paper, summation formulae for sums of type $\sum\limits^{+\infty}_{k = -\infty} \mathbf a_{\mathbf k}(\nu; x)$ are given, where $\bigl(\mathbf a_{\mathbf k}(\nu; x)\bigr)^{-1} = (-1)^k \cdot \Bigl( x \cdot \widehat{\widehat T}_{\left[k + 1 \over 2\right] - 1} (\nu) +\widehat{\widehat T}_{\left[k + 1 \over 2\right]}(\nu)\Bigr) \cdot \Bigl(x \cdot \overline U_{\left[k \over 2\right] - 1} (\nu) + \overline U_{\left[k \over 2\right]} (\nu)\Bigr)$ with real constants $ x, \nu $. The above sums will turn out to be telescope sums. They appear in connection with projective geometry. The directed euclidean measures of the line segments of a projective scale form a sequence of type $(\mathbf a_{\mathbf k} (\nu;x))_{k \in \mathbb{Z}}$ where $ \nu $ is the cross-ratio of the scale, and x is the ratio of two consecutive line segments once chosen. In case of hyperbolic $(\nu \in \mathbb{R} \setminus] - 3,1[)$ and parabolic $\nu = -3$ scales, the formula $\sum\limits^{+\infty}_{k = -\infty} \mathbf a_{\mathbf k} (\nu; x) = {\frac{1}{x - q_{{+}\atop(-)}}} - {\frac{1}{x - q_{{-}\atop(+)}}} \eqno (1)$ holds for $\nu > 1$ (resp. $\nu \leq - 3$), unless the scale is geometric, that is unless $x = q_+$ or $x = q_-$. By $q_{\pm} = {-(\nu + 1) \pm \sqrt{(\nu - 1)(\nu + 3)} \over 2}$ we denote the quotient of the associated geometric sequence.

     

ON THE ALGEBRAIC INDEPENDENCE OF CERTAIN POWER SERIES OF ALGEBRAIC NUMBERS

Letf_v(z)=∑a_(v,,k)z~(λ_(v,k))(v=1,…,s)be s power series with algebraic coefficients a_(v,k),convergence radii R_v>0 and sufficientlyrapidly increasing integers λ_(v,k).It is shown that under certain conditions depending only ona_(v,k) and λ_(v,k),(i)f_1(θ_1),…,f_s(θ_s)are algebraically independent for arbitrary algebraicnumbers θ_1,…,θ_s with θ<丨θ_v丨相似文献   

ON THE EXPECTED SAMPLE SIZES OF SOME POWER ONE TESTS FOR NORMAL MEAN WITH UNKNOWN VARIANCE

Suppose that $\[{x_1},{x_2}, \cdots \]$ are i i d. random variables on a probability space $\[(\Omega ,F,P)\]$ and $\[{x_1}\]$ is normally distributed with mean $\[\theta \]$ and variance $\[{\sigma ^2}\]$, both of which are unknown. Given $\[{\theta _0}\]$ and $\[0 < \alpha < 1\]$, we propose a concrete stopping rule T w. r. e.the $\[\{ {x_n},n \ge 1\} \]$ such that $$\[{P_{\theta \sigma }}(T < \infty ) \le \alpha \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {for}&{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {all}&{\theta \le {\theta _0},\sigma > 0,} \end{array}} \end{array}\]$$ $$\[{P_{\theta \sigma }}(T < \infty ) = 1\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {for}&{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {all}&{\theta > {\theta _0},\sigma > 0,} \end{array}} \end{array}\]$$ $$\[\mathop {\lim }\limits_{\theta \downarrow {\theta _0}} {(\theta - {\theta _0})^2}{({\ln _2}\frac{1}{{\theta - {\theta _0}}})^{ - 1}}{E_{\theta \sigma }}T = 2{\sigma ^2}{P_{{\theta _0}\sigma }}(T = \infty )\]$$ where $\[{\ln _2}x = \ln (\ln x)\]$.     

Uniqueness for non-harmonic trigonometric series

When , and

if

then

More generalized results are given.

     

ON THE GROWTH OF SOME RANDOM HYPERDIRICHLET SERIES

The paper considers the random L-Dirichlet seriesf(s,ω)=sum from n=1 to ∞ P_n(s,ω)exp(-λ_ns)and the random B-Dirichlet seriesψτ_0(s,ω)=sum from n=1 to ∞ P_n(σ iτ_0,ω)exp(-λ_ns),where {λ_n} is a sequence of positive numbers tending strictly monotonically to infinity, τ_0∈R is a fixed real number, andP_n(s,ω)=sum from j=1 to m_n ε_(nj)a_(nj)s~ja random complex polynomial of order m_n, with {ε_(nj)} denoting a Rademacher sequence and {a_(nj)} a sequence of complex constants. It is shown here that under certain very general conditions, almost all the random entire functions f(s,ω) and ψ_(τ_0)(s,ω) have, in every horizontal strip, the same order, given byρ=lim sup((λ_nlogλ_n)/(log A_n~(-1)))whereA_n=max |a_(nj)|.Similar results are given if the Rademacher sequence {ε_(nj)} is replaced by a steinhaus seqence or a complex normal sequence.     

非平稳高斯序列超过数点过程与部分和的联合渐近分布

设$\{X_{i}\}^{\infty}_{i=1}$是标准化非平稳高斯序列, $N_{n}$为$X_{1},X_{2},\cdots,X_{n}$对水平$\mu_{n}(x)$的超过数形成的点过程, $r_{ij}=\ep X_{i}X_{j}$, $S_{n}=\tsm_{i=1}^{n}X_{i}$. 在$r_{ij}$满足一定条件时, 本文得到了$N_{n}$与$S_{n}$的渐近独立性.     

Strong approximation by rectangular partial sums of double orthogonal series

Пусть {? _ik(x):i, k=1, 2,...} — орто нормированная систе ма в пространстве с полож ительной мерой и {a _ik} — последов ательность действит ельных чисел, для которой $$\mathop \sum \limits_{\iota = 1}^\infty \mathop \sum \limits_{\kappa = 1}^\infty a_{ik}^2 \kappa ^2 (i,k)< \infty ,$$ где {x(i, K)} — определенна я неубывающая последовательность положительных чисел. Тогда суммаf(x) двойног о ортогонального ряд а \(\mathop \sum \limits_{\iota = 1}^\infty \mathop \sum \limits_{\kappa = 1}^\infty a_{ik} \varphi _{ik} (x)\) существует в смысле с ходимости в метрикеL ² и сходимос ти почти всюду. Изучае тся порядок так называем ой сильной аппроксимац ииf(x) (при коэффициентн ых условиях) прямоуголь ными частными суммами \(s_{mn} (x) = \mathop \sum \limits_{\iota = 1}^\infty \mathop \sum \limits_{\kappa = 1}^\infty a_{ik} \varphi _{ik} (x)\) . Основной ре зультат состоит в сле дующем. Если {λ_j(m):m=1, 2,...} — неубывающи е последовательност и положительньк чисел, стремящиеся к ∞ и такие, что \(\mathop {\lim \sup }\limits_{m \to \infty } \lambda _j (2m)/\lambda _j (m)< \sqrt 2 \) дляj=1,2, и если $$\mathop \sum \limits_{\iota = 1}^\infty \mathop \sum \limits_{\kappa = 1}^\infty a_{ik}^2 \left[ {\log log (i + 3)} \right]^2 \left[ {\log log (k + 3)} \right]^2 (\lambda _1^2 (i) + \lambda _2^2 (k))< \infty ,$$ TO ПОЧТИ ВСЮДУ $$\left\{ {\frac{1}{{mn}}\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^m \mathop \sum \limits_{\kappa = 1}^m \left[ {s_{ik} (x) - f(x)} \right]^2 } \right\}^{1/2} = o_x (\lambda _1^{ - 1} (m) + \lambda _2^{ - 1} (n))$$ при min (m, n) → ∞.