A characterization of total reflection orders

Let be a Coxeter system with set of reflections . It is known that if is a total reflection order for , then, for each , and its complement are stable under conjugation by . Moreover the upper and lower -conjugates of are still total reflection orders. For any total order on , say that is stable if is stable under conjugation by for each . We prove that if and all orders obtained from by successive lower or upper -conjugations are stable, then is a total reflection order.

     

The Furuta inequality with negative powers

Let be bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space satisfying . Furuta showed the operator inequality
as long as positive real numbers satisfy and . In this paper, we show this inequality is valid if negative real numbers satisfy a certain condition. Also, we investigate the optimality of that condition.

     

Inequalities for the gamma function

We prove the following two theorems:

(i) Let be the th power mean of and . The inequality

holds for all if and only if , where denotes Euler's constant. This refines results established by W. Gautschi (1974) and the author (1997).

(ii) The inequalities

are valid for all if and only if and , while holds for all if and only if and . These bounds for improve those given by G. D. Anderson an S.-L. Qiu (1997).

     

On the excess of sets of complex exponentials

For let be complex numbers such that is bounded. For define , where . Then the excesses in the sense of Paley and Wiener satisfy .

     

The Furuta inequality in Banach -algebras

Let be real numbers with and Furuta (1987) proved that if bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space satisfy , then . This inequality is called the Furuta inequality and has many applications. In this paper, we prove that the Furuta inequality holds in a unital hermitian Banach -algebra with continuous involution.

     

Kuttner's problem and a Pólya type criterion for characteristic functions

Let be a continuous function with and . If is convex, then , , is the characteristic function of an absolutely continuous probability distribution. The criterion complements Pólya's theorem and applies to characteristic functions with various types of behavior at the origin. In particular, it provides upper bounds on Kuttner's function , , which gives the minimal value of such that is a characteristic function. Specifically, . Furthermore, improved lower bounds on Kuttner's function are obtained from an inequality due to Boas and Kac.

     

An uncertainty principle for convolution operators on discrete groups

Consider a discrete group and a bounded self-adjoint convolution operator on ; let be the spectrum of . The spectral theorem gives a unitary isomorphism between and a direct sum , where , and is a regular Borel measure supported on . Through this isomorphism corresponds to multiplication by the identity function on each summand. We prove that a nonzero function and its transform cannot be simultaneously concentrated on sets , such that and the cardinality of are both small. This can be regarded as an extension to this context of Heisenberg's classical uncertainty principle.

     

Normalizers of the congruence subgroups of the Hecke group II

Let . Let be an ideal of and let be the maximal ideal of such that . Then . In particular, if is square free, then is self-normalized in .

     

A characterization of Möbius transformations

Let be an integer and let be a domain of . Let be an injective mapping which takes hyperspheres whose interior is contained in to hyperspheres in . Then is the restriction of a Möbius transformation.

     

The location of the zeros of the higher order derivatives of a polynomial

Let be a complex polynomial of degree having zeros in a disk . We deal with the problem of finding the smallest concentric disk containing zeros of . We obtain some estimates on the radius of this disk in general as well as in the special case, where zeros in are isolated from the other zeros of . We indicate an application to the root-finding algorithms.

     

Every -regular

We prove the following: Theorem A. If is a -regular ultrafilter, then either

(a)

is -regular, or

(b)

the cofinality of the linear order is , and is -regular for all .

Corollary B. Suppose that is singular, and either is regular, or . Then every -regular ultrafilter is -regular.

We also discuss some consequences and variations.

     

The Hausdorff operator is bounded on the real Hardy space

We prove that the Hausdorff operator generated by a function is bounded on the real Hardy space . The proof is based on the closed graph theorem and on the fact that if a function in is such that its Fourier transform equals for (or for ), then .

     

Maximal estimates for the -dimensional Walsh-Fourier series

The -dimensional dyadic martingale Hardy spaces are introduced and it is proved that the maximal operator of the means of a Walsh-Fourier series is bounded from to and is of weak type , provided that the supremum in the maximal operator is taken over a positive cone. As a consequence we obtain that the means of a function converge a.e. to the function in question. Moreover, we prove that the means are uniformly bounded on whenever . Thus, in case , the means converge to in norm. The same results are proved for the conjugate means, too.

     

On the irrationality of a certain series

We prove that if is an integer greater than one, and are any positive rationals such that for all integers , then

is irrational and is not a Liouville number.

     

Rearrangement of Hardy-Littlewood maximal functions in Lorentz spaces

For the classical Hardy-Littlewood maximal function , a well known and important estimate due to Herz and Stein gives the equivalence . In the present note, we study the validity of analogous estimates for maximal operators of the form

where denotes the Lorentz space -norm.

     

Conjugate -connections and holonomy groups

In this article we show that when the structure group of the reducible principal bundle is and is an -subbundle of , the rank of the holonomy group of a connection which is gauge equivalent to its conjugate connection is less than or equal to , and use the estimate to show that for all odd prime , if the holonomy group of the irreducible connection as above is simple and is not isomorphic to , , or , then it is isomorphic to .

     

On the boundary of attractors with non-void interior

Let be a family of contractive mappings on such that the attractor has nonvoid interior. We show that if the 's are injective, have non-vanishing Jacobian on , and have zero Lebesgue measure for then the boundary of has measure zero. In addition if the 's are affine maps, then the conclusion can be strengthened to . These improve a result of Lagarias and Wang on self-affine tiles.

     

Pseudo-differential operators and maximal regularity results for non-autonomous parabolic equations

In this paper, we show that a pseudo-differential operator associated to a symbol ( being a Hilbert space) which admits a holomorphic extension to a suitable sector of acts as a bounded operator on . By showing that maximal -regularity for the non-autonomous parabolic equation is independent of , we obtain as a consequence a maximal -regularity result for solutions of the above equation.

     

Remarks about Schlumprecht space

Let denote the Schlumprecht space. We prove that

(1) is finitely disjointly representable in ;

(2) contains an -spreading model;

(3) for any sequence of natural numbers, is isomorphic to the space .

     

Helly-type theorems for hollow axis-aligned boxes

A hollow axis-aligned box is the boundary of the cartesian product of compact intervals in . We show that for , if any of a collection of hollow axis-aligned boxes have non-empty intersection, then the whole collection has non-empty intersection; and if any of a collection of hollow axis-aligned rectangles in have non-empty intersection, then the whole collection has non-empty intersection. The values for and for are the best possible in general. We also characterize the collections of hollow boxes which would be counterexamples if were lowered to , and to , respectively.