Characterization of ideal knots

We present a characterization of ideal knots, i.e., of closed knotted curves of prescribed thickness with minimal length, where we use the notion of global curvature for the definition of thickness. We show with variational methods that for an ideal knot , the normal vector at a curve point is given by the integral over all vectors against a Radon measure, where realizes the given thickness. As geometric consequences we obtain in particular, that points without contact lie on straight segments of , and for points with exactly one contact point we have that points exactly into the direction of Moreover, isolated contact points lie on straight segments of , and curved arcs of consist of contact points only, all realizing the prescribed thickness with constant (maximal) global curvature.Received: 1 January 2003, Accepted: 12 March 2003, Published online: 1 July 2003Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 53A04, 57M25, 74K05, 74M15, 92C40     

双曲空间中完备子流形的特征值估计

研究了$(n+p)$维双曲空间$\mathbb{H}^{n+p}$中完备非紧子流形的第一特征值的上界.特别地,证明了$\mathbb{H}^{n+p}$中具有平行平均曲率向量$H$和无迹第二基本形式有限$L^q(q\geq n)$范数的完备子流形的第一特征值不超过$\frac{(n-1)^2(1-|H|^2)}{4}$,和$\mathbb{H}^{n+1}(n\leq5)$中具有常平均曲率向量$H$和无迹第二基本形式有限$L^q(2(1-\sqrt{\frac{2}{n}})相似文献   

Uniqueness of H-surfaces in {\mathbb{H}}^2 \times \mathbb{R},{{\vert H\vert \leq 1/2}} , with boundary one or two parallel horizontal circles

We prove that a H-surface M in ${\mathbb{H}}^2 \times {\mathbb{R}} ,\vert H\vert \leq 1/2$ , inherits the symmetries of its boundary $\partial M,$ when $\partial M$ is either a horizontal curve with curvature greater than one or two parallel horizontal curves with curvature greater than one, whose distance is greater or equal to π. Furthermore we prove that the asymptotic boundary of a surface with mean curvature bounded away from zero consists of parts of straight lines, provided it is sufficiently regular.     

On the Positivity of Scattering Operators for Poincaré-Einstein Manifolds

In this paper, we mainly study the scattering operators for a Poincaré-Einstein manifold $(X^{n+1}, g_+)$, which define the fractional GJMS operators $P_{2\gamma}$ of order $2\gamma$ for $0<\gamma<\frac{n}{2}$ for the conformal infinity $(M, [g])$. We generalise Guillarmou-Qing's positivity results in [8] to the higher order case. Namely, if $(X^{n+1}, g_+)$ $(n\geq 5)$ is a hyperbolic Poincaré-Einstein manifold and there exists a smooth representative $g$ for the conformal infinity such that the scalar curvature $R_g$ is a positive constant and $Q_4$ is semi-positive on $(M, g)$, then $P_{2\gamma}$ is positive for $\gamma\in [1,2]$ and the first real scattering pole is less than $\frac{n}{2}-2$.     

关于素环平方封闭的李理想的两个结果

Let R be a 2-torsion free prime ring, d1 a nonzero derivation, -γ a generalized derivation associated with a nonzero derivation d2, U a square closed Lie ideal of R. In the present paper,we prove that if [di^2（u）, u] ∈ Z（R） or γ acts as a homomorphism （or an antihomomorphism） on U, then U Z（R）.     

含有Sobolev-Hardy临界指标的奇异椭圆方程Neumann问题无穷多解的存在性

该文研究了如下的奇异椭圆方程Neumann问题$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\disp -\Delta u-\frac{\mu u}{|x|^2}=\frac{|u|^{2^{*}(s)-2}u}{|x|^s}+\lambda|u|^{q-2}u,\ \ &;x\in\Omega,\\D_\gamma{u}+\alpha(x)u=0,&;x\in\partial\Omega\backslash\{0\},\end{array}\right.$其中$\Omega $ 是 $ R^N$ 中具有 $ C^1$边界的有界区域, $ 0\in\partial\Omega$, $N\ge5$. $2^{*}(s)=\frac{2(N-s)}{N-2}$ (该文研究了如下的奇异椭圆方程Neumann问题$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\disp -\Delta u-\frac{\mu u}{|x|^2}=\frac{|u|^{2^{*}(s)-2}u}{|x|^s}+\lambda|u|^{q-2}u,\ \ &;x\in\Omega,\\D_\gamma{u}+\alpha(x)u=0,&;x\in\partial\Omega\backslash\{0\},\end{array}\right.$其中$\Omega $ 是 $ R^N$ 中具有 $ C^1$边界的有界区域, $ 0\in\partial\Omega$, $N\ge5$. $2^{*}(s)=\frac{2(N-s)}{N-2}$ (该文研究了如下的奇异椭圆方程Neumann问题其中Ω是RN中具有C1边界的有界区域,0∈■Ω,N≥5.2*(s)=2(N-s)/N-2(0≤s≤2)是临界Sobolev-Hardy指标, 10.利用变分方法和对偶喷泉定理,证明了这个方程无穷多解的存在性.     

SUBMANIFOLDS OF A HIGHER DIMENSIONAL SPHERE

Let M be an m-dimensional manifold immersed in S~(m+k)(r).Then △X=μH-(m/r~2)X,where X is the position vector of M and H is a unit normal vector field which is orthogonalto X everywhere.If M is a compact connected manifold with parallel mean curvature vector field ξimmersed inS~(m+k)(r),and the sectional curvature of M is not less than (1/2)((1/r~2)+|ξ|~2),thenM is a small sphere.For a compact connected hypersurface M in S~(m+1)(r),if the sectional curvature is non-nesative and the scalar curvature is proportional to the mean curvature everywhere,then M isa totally umbilical hypersurface or the multiplication of two totally umbilical submanifolds.     

Convergence of Solutions of General Dispersive Equations Along Curve

In this paper, the authors give the local L~2 estimate of the maximal operator S_(φ,γ)~* of the operator family {S_(t,φ,γ)} defined initially by ■which is the solution(when n = 1) of the following dispersive equations(~*) along a curve γ:■where φ : R~+→R satisfies some suitable conditions and φ((-?)~(1/2)) is a pseudo-differential operator with symbol φ(|ξ|). As a consequence of the above result, the authors give the pointwise convergence of the solution(when n = 1) of the equation(~*) along curve γ.Moreover, a global L~2 estimate of the maximal operator S_(φ,γ)~* is also given in this paper.     

Complete spacelike submanifolds with parallel mean curvature vector in a semi-Euclidean space

Our aim in this article is to study the geometry of n-dimensional complete spacelike submanifolds immersed in a semi-Euclidean space \({\mathbb{R}^{n+p}_{q}}\) of index q, with \({1\leq q\leq p}\). Under suitable constraints on the Ricci curvature and on the second fundamental form, we establish sufficient conditions to a complete maximal spacelike submanifold of \({\mathbb{R}^{n+p}_{q}}\) be totally geodesic. Furthermore, we obtain a nonexistence result concerning complete spacelike submanifolds with nonzero parallel mean curvature vector in \({\mathbb{R}^{n+p}_{p}}\) and, as a consequence, we get a rigidity result for complete constant mean curvature spacelike hypersurfaces immersed in the Lorentz–Minkowski space \({\mathbb{R}^{n+1}_{1}}\).     

Space curves of constant breadth in Minkowski 3-space

In this paper, we study spacelike and timelike curves of constant breadth in Minkowski 3-space. We show that in Minkowski 3-space spacelike and timelike curves of constant breadth are normal, helices, and spherical curves in some special cases. Furthermore, we give that the total torsion of a closed spacelike curve of constant breadth is zero while the total torsion of a simple closed timelike curve is equal to ${2\pi n, (n \in Z)}$ .     

An Integral Equality on the Laplace-Beltrami Operator

Let M be an n-dimensional Riemanniaii manifold of class C^r(r> 2)> and D \subset M be a regular oriented domain on M with boundary \partial D, and W_2,0^2(D) denote the Sobolev space defined on D with the property that every u \in W_2,0^2(D) vanishes at \partial D,i. e., $u|_\partial D=0$. Let (\alpha_=\alpha \beta) be the symmetric matrix of the positive definite metric of M,and $\nabla _\alpha$ denote the operator of the covariant derivative with respect to $\alpha _\alpha \beta$. For any $u \in C^\infty(M)$, it is convenient to define $u_\alpha=\nabla_\alpha u,u_\alpha \beta=\nabla_\alpha u_\beta$ $u^\alpha=a^\alpha\beta=a^\alpha\gamma \nabla_\gamma u^\beta.(1 \leq \alpha,\beta,\gamma \leq n)$ In this paper we establish the following Theorem. Let $u \in W_2,0^2(D)$ . Then $\int_D{u^\alpha \beta u_\alpha \beta dV}=\int_D{(\Delta u)^2dV}+\int_D{Ric(du,du)dV}-\int_\partial D{(\nabla_Nu)^2\Omega ds}$ where $\Delta$ is the Laplace-Beltrami operator, Ric (du, du) is the Ricci curvature of M with respect to the vector field du, \nabla_N is the directional derivative in the direction of the exterior normal vector N at $\partial D$ is the mean curvature of \partial D in M.     

Symplectic mean curvature flow in CP 2

Let Σ be an immersed symplectic surface in CP ² with constant holomorphic sectional curvature k > 0. Suppose Σ evolves along the mean curvature flow in CP ². In this paper, we show that the symplectic mean curvature flow exists for long time and converges to a holomorphic curve if the initial surface satisfies ${|A|^2 \leq \lambda|H|^2 + \frac{2\lambda-1}{\lambda}k}$ and ${\cos\alpha\geq\sqrt{\frac{7\lambda-3}{3\lambda}}\left(\frac{1}{2} < \lambda\leq\frac{2}{3}\right) {\rm or} |A|^2\leq \frac{2}{3}|H|^2+\frac{4}{5}k\cos\alpha\, {\rm and} \cos\alpha\geq 1-\varepsilon}$ , for some ${\varepsilon}$ .     

Exponential Tikhonov Regularization Method for Solving an Inverse Source Problem of Time Fractional Diffusion Equation

In this paper, we mainly study an inverse source problem of time fractional diffusion equation in a bounded domain with an over-specified terminal condition at a fixed time. A novel regularization method, which we call the exponential Tikhonov regularization method with a parameter $\gamma$, is proposed to solve the inverse source problem, and the corresponding convergence analysis is given under a-priori and a-posteriori regularization parameter choice rules. When $\gamma$ is less than or equal to zero, the optimal convergence rate can be achieved and it is independent of the value of $\gamma$. However, when $\gamma$ is greater than zero, the optimal convergence rate depends on the value of $\gamma$ which is related to the regularity of the unknown source. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted for showing the effectiveness of the proposed exponential regularization method.     

常曲率空间中具正Ricci曲率的子流形

设S~(n+p)(1)是一单位球面,M~n是浸入S~(n+p)(1)的具有非零平行平均曲率向量的n维紧致子流形.证明了当n≥4,p≥2时,如果M~n的Ricci曲率不小于(n-2)(1+H~2),则M~n是全脐的或者M~n的Ricci曲率等于(n-2)(1+H~2),进而M~n的几何分类被完全给出.     

含零点弧的双解析函数在极点处的性质

In this paper, the properties of bianalytic functions w（z） = z^-Ф1（z） ＋Ф2（z） with zero arc at the pole z = 0 are discussed. Some conditions under which there exists an arc γ, an end of which is z = 0, such that w（z） =0 for arbitary z ∈γ／{0} are given. Secondly, that the limit set of w（z） is a circle or line as z → 0 is proved in this case. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate our results.     

TRIPLE INTERACTIONS OF CONORMAL WAVES FOR HIGHER ORDER SEMILINEAR HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS

The interaction of three conormal waves for send-linear strictly hyperbolic equations of third oeder is considered. Let ∑i:i = 1,2,3, be smooth characteristic surfaces for P = Di(D^2i-△) intersecting transversally at the origin. Suppose that the solution u to Pu = f(t, x, y, D^αu), |α| ≤2 is conormal to ∑i:i = 1, 2, 3, for t &lt; 0. The author uses Bony‘s second microlocalization techniques and commutator arguments to conclude that the new singularities a short time after the triple interaction lie on the surface of the light cone Γ over the origin plus the surfaces obtainedby flow-outs of the lines of intersection Γ （交集） ∑i and ∑i（交集） ∑j，i, j = 1, 2, 3.     

THE MINIMAX DIRECTION FOR THE DIRECT PRODUCT OF A CONVEX CONE WITH ITS APPLICATION TO TESTING PROBLEMS

Let C be a closed convex cone in R~k and let C~p be the p-th direct product of C.Thispaper gives some results of the minimax direction with respect to C~p and an innerproduct based on(?),where is a k×k diagonal matrix with positive diagonalelements,is a p×p positive definite matrix and is the Kronecker product ofand.It is also shown that the results may be applied to test the homogeneity of knormal mean vectors where the mean vectors are restricted by a given partial order.     

关于3维Minkowski空间中类空曲面的若干结果

在本文，我们证明２维黎曼流形能实现为Ｌ３中的类空极大曲面的充要条件是相应的Ｒｉｃｃｉ条件成立，此外还确定了Ｌ３中其平均曲率向量ｈ满足条件△ｈ＝λｈ（λ∈Ｒ）的类空曲面     

On 3-Submanifolds of S^3 Which Admit Complete Spanning Curve Systems

Let M be a compact connected 3-submanifold of the 3-sphere S~3 with one boundary component F such that there exists a collection of n pairwise disjoint connected orientable surfaces S = {S_1, ···, S_n} properly embedded in M, ?S = {?S_1, ···, ?S_n}is a complete curve system on F. We call S a complete surface system for M, and ?S a complete spanning curve system for M. In the present paper, the authors show that the equivalent classes of complete spanning curve systems for M are unique, that is, any complete spanning curve system for M is equivalent to ?S. As an application of the result,it is shown that the image of the natural homomorphism from the mapping class group M(M) to M(F) is a subgroup of the handlebody subgroup Hn.     

可分裂的左GC-lpp半群

A left GC-lpp semigroup S is called split if the natural homomorphism γb of S onto S/γ induced by γ is split.It is proved that a left GC-lpp semigroup is split if and only if it has a left adequate transversal.In particular,a construction theorem for split left GC-lpp semigroups is established.