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Central European Journal of Operations Research - Environmental efficiency should not be treated independently of production efficiency. Several studies have demonstrated that lean management can...  相似文献   
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In the present work, the Adaptive-Weight Genetic Algorithm was employed in order to determine the gear shifting strategies that allow an automobile to work in the best compromise among fuel consumption, engine emissions, and vehicle performance. For the assessment of each of the three objective functions, a simulation model based on engine data and on the well-established equations of the longitudinal dynamics was developed. The driving cycle chosen for the calculations was the FTP-75, which takes into account both cold and hot starts, meaning that the transient operation during the warm-up of the catalyst is also considered.  相似文献   
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To assess the bioequivalence of two zolpidem hemitartrate formulations in 30 healthy volunteers. Plasma samples were obtained over a 24 h period. Plasma concentrations of zolpidem were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with positive ion electrospray ionization using multiple reaction monitoring. Values of peak concentration (Cmax), area under curve (AUC), half-life, elimination constant, volume of distribution and clearance showed statistically significant differences when comparing women (604.34 ng h/ml, 127.36 ng/ml, 4.4 h, 0.18 1/h, 50.56 L and 8.55 L/h, respectively) and men (276.1 ng h/ml, 70.9 ng/ml, 3.3 h, 0.26 1/h, 91.42 L and 24.34 L/h, respectively), receiving the same dose (5 mg), respectively. The geometric means with corresponding 90% confidence interval for Test/Reference percentage ratios were 99.73% (CI 93.69–106.16) for Cmax, 97.44% (90% CI = 91.85–103.37%) for area under curve of plasma concentration until the last concentration observed (AUClast) and 98.30% (90% CI = 92.48–104.49) for the area under curve between the first sample (pre-dosage) and infinity (AUC0–inf). Since the 90% CI for AUClast, AUC0–inf and Cmax ratios were within the 80–125% interval proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that zolpidem hemitartrate formulation (5 mg orodispersible tablet) is bioequivalent to the zolpidem hemitartrate formulation (Patz SL 5 mg sublingual tablet) with regard to both the rate and the extent of absorption. A new formulation of zolpidem 2.5 mg may be useful in women for the same clinical benefits as the 5 mg formulation in men.  相似文献   
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Poly[9,9′‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐diyl)‐6,6″‐(2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine)] (LaPPS75) and its complexes with neodymium were synthesized and characterized. Magnetic measurements showed that the noncomplexed polymer presented a ferromagnetic contribution due to the formation of π stacking, and that in absence of those, the ferromagnetic behavior is suppressed. The pristine polymer, the complexed one and a low‐molecular‐weight model compound with the same structure of the complexed site in the parent polymer were studied. The observed behavior found is presented and discussed, the most important finding was that when a conjugated chain is used as a host for the metallic ion, an amplification of four times for the magnetization is achieved, using the same metallic content for complexed polymer and model compound for comparison. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 304–311  相似文献   
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Despite the strong technological importance of lanthanide complexes, their formation processes are rarely investigated. This work is dedicated to determining the influence of synthesis parameters on the formation of [Ce(bipy)2(NO3)3] as well as Ce3+‐ and Tb3+‐substituted [La(bipy)2(NO3)3] (bipy = 2,2′‐bipyridine) complexes. To this end, we performed in situ luminescence measurements, synchrotron‐based X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and measured pH value and/or ion conductivity during their synthesis process under real reaction conditions. For the [Ce(bipy)2(NO3)3] complex, the in situ luminescence measurements initially presented a broad emission band at 490 nm, assigned to the 5d→4f Ce3+ ions within the ethanolic solvation shell. Upon the addition of bipy, a red shift to 700 nm was observed. This shift was attributed to the changes in the environment of the Ce3+ ions, indicating their desolvation and incorporation into the [Ce(bipy)2(NO3)3] complex. The induction time was reduced from 8 to 3.5 min, by increasing the reactant concentration by threefold. In contrast, [La(bipy)2(NO3)3] crystallized within days instead of minutes, unless influenced by high Ce3+ and Tb3+ concentrations. Monitoring and controlling the influence of the reaction parameters on the structure of emissive complexes is important for the development of rational synthesis approaches and optimization of their structure‐related properties like luminescence.  相似文献   
7.
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - This paper reports the development of a photoelectrochemical platform based on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode modified with carboxyl-functionalized...  相似文献   
8.
Full waveform inversion is an advantageous technique for obtaining high-resolution subsurface information. In the petroleum industry, mainly in reservoir characterisation, it is common to use information from wells as previous information to decrease the ambiguity of the obtained results. For this, we propose adding a relative entropy term to the formalism of the full waveform inversion. In this context, entropy will be just a nomenclature for regularisation and will have the role of helping the converge to the global minimum. The application of entropy in inverse problems usually involves formulating the problem, so that it is possible to use statistical concepts. To avoid this step, we propose a deterministic application to the full waveform inversion. We will discuss some aspects of relative entropy and show three different ways of using them to add prior information through entropy in the inverse problem. We use a dynamic weighting scheme to add prior information through entropy. The idea is that the prior information can help to find the path of the global minimum at the beginning of the inversion process. In all cases, the prior information can be incorporated very quickly into the full waveform inversion and lead the inversion to the desired solution. When we include the logarithmic weighting that constitutes entropy to the inverse problem, we will suppress the low-intensity ripples and sharpen the point events. Thus, the addition of entropy relative to full waveform inversion can provide a result with better resolution. In regions where salt is present in the BP 2004 model, we obtained a significant improvement by adding prior information through the relative entropy for synthetic data. We will show that the prior information added through entropy in full-waveform inversion formalism will prove to be a way to avoid local minimums.  相似文献   
9.
Foundations of Computational Mathematics - In this paper we initiate the study of tropical Voronoi diagrams. We start out with investigating bisectors of finitely many points with respect to...  相似文献   
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