FLATNESS AND THE RING OF QUASI-ENDOMORPHISMS

Abstract

This paper investigates torsion-free abelian groups A which are Q E-flat, i.e. for which Q A is flat as an Q E(A)-module. It is shown that a torsion-free A has this property iff Tor¹ (M, A) is torsion for all right E(A)-modules M. Furthermore, a torsion-free group of rank 4 is constructed which is Q E-flat but not quasi-isomorphic to an E-flat group. This gives a negative response to a question of R. Pierce. The paper concludes with a discussion of the structure of torsion-free groups of finite rank which are Q E-flat.     

ON THE NORMALITY OF MONOMIAL IDEALS OF MIXED PRODUCTS

Let R = K[x, y] be a polynomial ring in two disjoint sets of variables x, y over a field K. We study ideals of mixed products L = I_kJ_r + I_sJ_t such that k + r = s + t, where I_k (resp. J_r ) denotes the ideal of R generated by the square-free monomials of degree k (resp. r) in the x (resp. y ) variables. Our main result is a characterization of when a given ideal L of mixed products is normal.

     

RESULTS ON SUBGROUPS OF THE GROUP OF HOMEOMORPHISMS OF THE RATIONAL NUMBERS

Abstract

If G is the group of homeomorphisms of the rationals with usual topology and H ? G is such that |G:H| < 2^x0 then there exists a finite, non-empty subset Y of the rational numbers such that G(Y) ? H ? G^{Y} where G(Y) is the group o all homeomorphisms in G fixing a neighbourhood of Y and G^{Y} is the set-wise stabilizer of Y in G.     

ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE JACOBSON RADICAL OF GRADED RINGS

Abstract

We introduce a new large class of semigroups S including all locally finite, completely regular and strongly π-regular linear semigroups. For any semigroup S in the class and any S-graded ring R, the structure of the Jacobson radical of R is reduced to the radicals of subrings graded by the maximal subgroups of S. Many results on radicals follow from this reduction in a unified way. In two special cases the reduction is simplified.     

MECHANISMS OF THE ICOSAHEDRAL COMPOUND OF TEN TETRAHEDRA

Ten regular tetrahedra can be arranged in such a way that their vertices are coincident with the vertices of a regular dodecahedron and that two tetrahedra meet at each vertex of the dodecahedron. If the resultant structure is considered as a bar-and-joint structure, there will be 60 bars, lying along the edges of the tetrahedra, and 20 joints at the vertices of the dodecahedra; six bars meet at each joint. Although the structure more than satisfies Maxwell's rule, it is known to admit finite mechanisms. Recently, a new method for detecting symmetric finite mechanisms in symmetric bar-and-node structures has been developed. The method only requires a count of the number of bars, and the number of nodes, that are left unmoved by each of the symmetry operations allowable for the structure. This paper will describe the application of this method to the structure described above. The structure has icosahedral symmetry, I _h , and the analysis confirms the existence of the mechanisms with C _3v and C _5v symmetry that have previously been detected using ad-hoc methods. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

THE WALLMAN COMPACTIFICATION OF FRAMES

Abstract

We show that a B-conjunctive frame L, where B is a normal base for L gives rise to a strong inclusion on L and therefore a compactification of L. The resulting compact regular frame corresponds to the quotient frame obtained by Johnstone in his construction of the Wallman compactification for frames. It is also shown that, in the presence of pseudocompactness the Wallman compactification and the Wallman realcompactification coincide.     

ON THE ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOUR OF THE DIGITS OF CONTINUED FRACTIONS WITH ODD PARTIAL QUOTIENTS

Abstract

The asymptotic behaviour of the digits a_n and e_n of continued fractions with odd partial quotients is investigated in the context of dependence with complete connections. In particular, we obtain a formula for the geometric mean of partial denominators and the relative frequency of a pair (a, ε) of digits.     

THE SHORTEST NOTE ON THE SMALLEST COREFLECTIVE SUBCATEGORIES OF TOP

Abstract

Using the notion of a spectral set introduced by von-Neumann, we give some characterizations of C⁺ -algebras. Two conditions, each of which is necessary and sufficient for a Banach algebra to be uniform, are also obtained.     

ON THE STRUCTURE OF MINIMAL R n ACTIONS

Abstract

In this paper we study several concepts and models which are relevant in describing both the topological and dynamical structure of a typical R ⁿ flow. Some of these ideas originated in our earlier papers, and those of other authors, and we here attempt to synthesise these concepts. We start with shear—a notion which describes how little equicontinuity the flow contains. We move to R ⁿ suspensions which depend on particular R ⁿ cocycles and easily obtain a crude representation of the flow as a tower—a partial suspension over a base flow which contains the shear. Rudolph's deep theory of suspension models is modified to provide a new suspension model which incorporates the shear as the base of the tower. Finally we investigate towers in the context of a special class of automorphisms to see when these objects are themselves suspensions.     

THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE COMPLETE FIGURE IN THE CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS OF MULTIPLE INTEGRALS: A DIRECT APPROACH

Abstract

The field-theoretic approach to the calculus of variations of multiple integrals, as initiated by Carathéodory, is based on the systematic use of certain field components that exist if and only if a determinant whose entries are defined uniquely in terms of the Lagrangian and its derivatives does not vanish. If one does not introduce an assumption of this kind ab initio, entirely different techniques must be adopted. It is shown that these give rise to a surprisingly simple and direct construction of the complete figure by means of which the solutions of the standard variational problem may be realized.     

COMPARISON OF PRODUCTS OF THE VARIETIES OF LIE ALGEBRAS

Abstract

In Fortes (2001), we introduced a notion of order for associative pairs and we obtained a Goldie-like characterization of left orders in a semiprime pair coinciding with its socle. In this paper, we take up again that notion of order to establish a Faith-Utumi theorem, which studies left orders in a prime pair coinciding with its socle.     

SHARP UPPER BOUNDS FOR THE DEGREE OF REGULARITY OF THE SOLUTIONS TO AN ELLIPTIC EQUATION

ABSTRACT

We show that regularity of solutions to the well known Serrin equation is governed by that of particular ones, that we call principal solutions.     

A CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BAND OF KERNEL OPERATORS

ABSTRACT

In this note we present a characterization of the band of kernel operators in the abstract setting of Riesz spaces. Under the assumptions that E is an Archimedean Riesz space and F a Dedekind complete Riesz space separated by its ex= tended order continuo88 dual, we obtain a characterization of the band (E_oo ? F)^dd in terms of (sequentially) star or= der continuous operators.     

ON THE SEPARATION PROPERTY OF SYMMETRIC ORDINARY SECOND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSIONS

A 1-variable calculus type argument is used to show that, for a function f : R ² → R, if for all (a, b) ? R ² we have that f o c is smooth for every smooth curve c : R → R ² nonsingular except at 0 and with c(0) = (a, b), then f is smooth. This strengthens Boman's theorem. In fact, we use an even more special collection of smooth curves to prove Boman's theorem. It is shown using a related special collection of smooth curves how the upper half cone can be viewed largely as a model for polar coordinates. Our proof here shows how the use of Frölicher spaces can reduce questions in several dimensions to those of one real variable.     

THE ADJOINT SEMIGROUP OF A RING

Abstract

We classify cross-sections of the ? and ? Green's relations on the finite symmetric inverse semigroup ?𝒮 _n , determine which of them are isomorphic, and study their disposition with respect to the ?-cross-sections of ?𝒮 _n .     

SOME ASPECTS OF THE THEORY OF SYMMETRIC OPERATOR SPACES

Abstract

We discuss several aspects of the theory of symmetric Banach spaces of measurable operators, including their construction and certain topological and geometric properties. Particular emphasis is given to the role played by rearrangement inequalities.     

ON THE COORDINATE RING OF PAIRS OF ALTERNATING MATRICES WITH PRODUCT ZERO

Abstract

In this paper we study some locally soluble FC-groups G all of whose factor-groups G/N are residually finite.     

GUARANTEED BOUNDS FOR THE SOLUTION OF THE WAVE EQUATION

Abstract

Numerical solution of the wave equation in the form of close lower and upper bounds provides a secure a posteriori error estimate that can be used for efficient accuracy control. The method considered in this paper uses some monotone properties of the differential operator in the wave equation to construct bounds for the solution in the form of trigonometric polynomials of x. Aspects of the numerical implementation, the accuracy of the computed bounds and some numerical examples are discussed.     

ON THE LEFT-DEFINITENESS OF S-HERMITIAN SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Abstract

Initiated by Schneider and Niessen's conjecture that left-definite S-Hermitian systems are essentially canonical, a certain class of transformations of such systems is considered, and criteria for the left-definiteness are derived. The results seem to disprove the conjecture.