基于分数阶Fourier变换的结构瞬时频率识别北大核心CSCD

为识别时变信号的瞬时频率,由分数阶Fourier变换定义推导出了一般信号的频率与单一变量旋转角度α的关系式,从理论上解释了分数阶Fourier变换本质上是一种普通Fourier变换结合伸缩平移窗的算法,进而在分数阶Fourier域建立了非平稳信号瞬时频率的一般表达式,实现了结构瞬时频率的识别.采用任意非线性调频信号仿真算例和三自由度有阻尼时变结构系统的数值算例对提出的方法进行了比较分析.结果表明,该文提出的方法与理论值吻合良好,并具有一定的抗噪性,验证了方法的可靠性和实用性,可以应用于时变结构瞬时频率的识别.     

Orthonormal bases with nonlinear phases

For adaptive representation of nonlinear signals, the bank M{\cal M} of real square integrable functions that have nonlinear phases and nonnegative instantaneous frequencies under the analytic signal method is investigated. A particular class of functions with explicit expressions in M{\cal M} is obtained using recent results on the Bedrosian identity. We then construct orthonormal bases for the Hilbert space of real square integrable functions with the basis functions from M{\cal M}.     

The structure of instantaneous frequencies of periodic analytic signals

In this paper, the structure of analytic signals is investigated by means of the relation between analytic signals and functions in the Hardy space. It is shown that an analytic signal is made up of two parts, one depending on the amplitude of the signal and another on the boundary value of an inner function. Based on this result, properties of the instantaneous frequencies of these two parts are studied, and it is found that negative instantaneous frequencies are caused by the amplitude of a signal. Finall...     

On the Diffraction by Biperiodic Anisotropic Structures

This article studies the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a nonmagnetic biperiodic structure. The structure consists of anisotropic optical materials and separates two regions with constant dielectric coefficients. The time harmonic Maxwell equations are transformed to an equivalent strongly elliptic variational problem for the magnetic field in a bounded biperiodic cell with nonlocal boundary conditions. This guarantees the existence of quasiperiodic magnetic fields in H 1 and electric fields in H (curl) solving Maxwell's equations. The uniqueness is proved for all frequencies excluding possibly a discrete set. The analytic dependence of these solutions on frequency and incident angles is studied.     

The role of functional data analysis for instantaneous frequency estimation

This paper proposes a method for estimating the instantaneous frequency of a nonstationary signal; this method is based on a combination of empirical mode decomposition and functional data analysis. The proposed method incorporates a basis expansion technique for a functional data into time-varying phase derived by empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert transform, which provides a stable instantaneous frequency function. The superiority of the proposed method for instantaneous frequency estimation is demonstrated by various simulation studies. The analysis of multicomponent signals by the proposed method is also discussed. Furthermore, it is shown that the proposed method is highly effective for identifying groups (clusters) of nonstationary signals on the basis of the instantaneous frequency information.     

Boundary derivatives of the phases of inner and outer functions and applications

We prove that boundary derivatives of the phases of inner functions exist and are positive almost everywhere, but those of outer functions, on the other hand, have zero mean on the boundary. The concepts and results have definitive applications to the definitions of instantaneous frequency and mono‐components complying with requirements in physics and contemporary study of analytic signals. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Finite element method to fluid–solid interaction problems with unbounded periodic interfaces

Consider a time‐harmonic acoustic plane wave incident onto a doubly periodic (biperiodic) surface from above. The medium above the surface is supposed to be filled with a homogeneous compressible inviscid fluid of constant mass density, whereas the region below is occupied by an isotropic and linearly elastic solid body characterized by its Lamé constants. This article is concerned with a variational approach to the fluid–solid interaction problems with unbounded biperiodic Lipschitz interfaces between the domains of the acoustic and elastic waves. The existence of quasiperiodic solutions in Sobolev spaces is established at arbitrary frequency of incidence, while uniqueness is proved only for small frequencies or for all frequencies excluding a discrete set. A finite element scheme coupled with Dirichlet‐to‐Neumann mappings is proposed and the convergence analysis is performed. The Dirichlet‐to‐Neumann mappings are approximated by truncated Rayleigh series expansions. Finally, numerical tests in 2D are presented to confirm the convergence of solutions and the energy balance formula. In particular, the frequency spectrum of normally reflected signals is plotted for water–brass and water–brass–water interfaces. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 32: 5–35, 2016     

The harmonic oscillations of a viscoelastic rod of triangular cross-section

Two exact solutions of the plane strain problem of the harmonic oscillations of a viscoelastic rod, the cross-section of which is a right triangle, are proposed. Either the normal displacement and the shear stress or the shear displacement and the normal stress of the side surface of the rod are given. Six dimensionless parameters which affect the dynamic deformation process are derived. Two parameters characterize the contribution of the viscous properties with respect to the elastic properties, two others define the logarithmic decrement of the longitudinal and shear harmonic waves, and two other parameters affect the wavelength of the corresponding wave and the velocity of motion of the wave front of these waves. The velocities of both types of waves and their wavelengths turn out to be greater than the velocities and wavelengths of the corresponding elastic waves. It is shown that, for certain values of the viscosity and the oscillation frequency, pseudo-resonance frequencies are possible which are higher than the resonance frequencies for an elastic medium.     

A Second-Order Synchrosqueezing Transform with a Simple Form of Phase Transformation

To model a non-stationary signal as a superposition of amplitude and frequency-modulated Fourier-like oscillatory modes is important to extract information, such as the underlying dynamics, hidden in the signal. Recently, the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform (SST) and its variants have been developed to estimate instantaneous frequencies and separate the components of non-stationary multicomponent signals. The short-time Fourier transform-based SST (FSST for short) reassigns the frequency variable to sharpen the time-frequency representation and to separate the components of a multicomponent non-stationary signal. However, FSST works well only with multicomponent signals having slowly changing frequencies. To deal with multicomponent signals having fast-changing frequencies, the second-order FSST (FSST2 for short) was proposed. The key point for FSST2 is to construct a phase transformation of a signal which is the instantaneous frequency when the signal is a linear chirp. In this paper we consider a phase transformation for FSST2 which has a simpler expression than that used in the literature. In the study the theoretical analysis of FSST2 with this phase transformation, we observe that the proof for the error bounds for the instantaneous frequency estimation and component recovery is simpler than that with the conventional phase transformation. We also provide some experimental results which show that this FSST2 performs well in non-stationary multicomponent signal separation.     

Nonlinear low frequency water waves in a cylindrical shell subjected to high frequency excitations – Part I: Experimental study

This paper presents an experimental investigation on nonlinear low frequency gravity water waves in a partially filled cylindrical shell subjected to high frequency horizontal excitations. The characteristics of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the water–shell coupled system are discussed. The boundaries for onset of gravity waves are measured and plotted by curves of critical excitation force magnitude with respect to excitation frequency. For nonlinear water waves, the time history signals and their spectrums of motion on both water surface and shell are recorded. The shapes of water surface are also measured using scanning laser vibrometer. In particular, the phenomenon of transitions between different gravity wave patterns is observed and expressed by the waterfall graphs. These results exhibit pronounced nonlinear properties of shell–fluid coupled system.     

重调和Hardy空间上的Toeplitz 算子

与调和Bergman 空间相对应, 本文研究重调和Hardy 空间h²(D²) 上的Toeplitz 算子. 本文发现, h²(D²) 上的Toeplitz 算子与经典的Hardy 空间、Bergman 空间及调和Bergman 空间上的Toeplitz算子的性质都有很大的差异. 例如解析Toeplitz 算子可以不是半可换及可交换的. 即使半可换, 其中任何一个符号可以不为常数; 即使可交换, 两个符号的非平凡线性组合也不一定是常数. 本文得到了h²(D²) 上两个解析Toeplitz 算子半可换和可换的充分必要条件.     

Wave-Shape Function Analysis

We propose to combine cepstrum and nonlinear time–frequency (TF) analysis to study multiple component oscillatory signals with time-varying frequency and amplitude and with time-varying non-sinusoidal oscillatory pattern. The concept of cepstrum is applied to eliminate the wave-shape function influence on the TF analysis, and we propose a new algorithm, named de-shape synchrosqueezing transform (de-shape SST). The mathematical model, adaptive non-harmonic model, is introduced and the de-shape SST algorithm is theoretically analyzed. In addition to simulated signals, several different physiological, musical and biological signals are analyzed to illustrate the proposed algorithm.     

The mathematics of scattering by unbounded,rough, inhomogeneous layers

In this paper we study, via variational methods, a boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation modelling scattering of time harmonic waves by a layer of spatially varying refractive index above an unbounded rough surface on which the field vanishes. In particular, in the 2D case with TE polarization, the boundary value problem models the scattering of time harmonic electromagnetic waves by an inhomogeneous conducting or dielectric layer above a perfectly conducting unbounded rough surface, with the magnetic permeability a fixed positive constant in the medium. Via analysis of an equivalent variational formulation, we show that this problem is well-posed in two important cases: when the frequency is small enough; and when the medium in the layer has some energy absorption. In this latter case we also establish exponential decay of the solution with depth in the layer. An attractive feature is that all constants in our estimates are bounded by explicit functions of the index of refraction and the geometry of the scatterer.     

Analytic signals and harmonic measures

We prove that a sufficient and necessary condition for HeiΘ(s)=−ieiΘ(s), where H is Hilbert transformation, Θ is a continuous and strictly increasing function with |Θ(R)|=2π, is that dΘ(s) is a harmonic measure on the line. The counterpart result for the periodic case is also established. The study is motivated by, and has significant impact to time-frequency analysis, especially to aspects of analytic signals inducing instantaneous amplitude and frequency. As a by-product we introduce the theory of Hardy-space-preserving weighted trigonometric series and Fourier transformations induced by harmonic measures in the respective contexts.     

Modulational instability analysis of the Peregrine soliton

We perform modulational instability analysis of the Peregrine soliton. The eigensystem of the linearized perturbations results in time-dependent gain curve. The instantaneous stability of the Peregrine soliton is studied at different times and in terms of modulated spacial width. A correlation between the most unstable eigenmode and the time evolution of the Peregrine soliton is established. Our analysis explains the bifurcation of the Peregrine soliton into Ma breathers and the generation of shock waves. The theoretical approach and numerical procedure followed here may be applied to any other localized solution with nontrivial time dependence.     

Wave Properties of Double One-Dimensional Periodic Sheet Grating

We show that the double one-dimensional periodic sheet gratings always have waveguide properties for acoustic waves. In general, there are two types of pass bands: i.e., the connected sets of frequencies for which there exist harmonic acoustic traveling waves propagating in the direction of periodicity and localized in the neighborhood of the grating. Using numerical-analytical methods, we describe the dispersion relations for these waves, pass bands, and their dependence on the geometric parameters of the problem. The phenomenon is discovered of bifurcation of waveguide frequencies with respect to the parameter of the distance between the gratings that decreases from infinity. Some estimates are obtained for the parameters of frequency splitting or fusion in dependence on the distance between the simple blade gratings forming the double grating. We show that near a double sheet grating there always exist standing waves (in-phase oscillations in the neighboring fundamental cells of the group of translations) localized near the grating. By numerical-analytical methods, the dependences of the standing wave frequencies on the geometric parameters of the grating are determined. The mechanics is described of traveling and standing waves localized in the neighborhood of the double gratings.     

Minimal harmonic graphs and their Lorentzian cousins

Motivated by the observation that the only surface which is locally a graph of a harmonic function and is also a minimal surface in E³ is either a plane or a helicoid, we provide similar characterizations of the elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic helicoids in L³ as the nontrivial zero mean curvature surfaces which also satisfy the harmonic equation, the wave equation, and a degenerate equation which is derived from the harmonic equation or the wave equation. This elementary and analytic result shows that the change of the roles of dependent and independent variables may be useful in solving differential equations.     

Network of phase-locking oscillators and a possible model for neural synchronization

In order to model the synchronization of brain signals, a three-node fully-connected network is presented. The nodes are considered to be voltage control oscillator neurons (VCON) allowing to conjecture about how the whole process depends on synaptic gains, free-running frequencies and delays. The VCON, represented by phase-locked loops (PLL), are fully-connected and, as a consequence, an asymptotically stable synchronous state appears. Here, an expression for the synchronous state frequency is derived and the parameter dependence of its stability is discussed. Numerical simulations are performed providing conditions for the use of the derived formulae. Model differential equations are hard to be analytically treated, but some simplifying assumptions combined with simulations provide an alternative formulation for the long-term behavior of the fully-connected VCON network. Regarding this kind of network as models for brain frequency signal processing, with each PLL representing a neuron (VCON), conditions for their synchronization are proposed, considering the different bands of brain activity signals and relating them to synaptic gains, delays and free-running frequencies. For the delta waves, the synchronous state depends strongly on the delays. However, for alpha, beta and theta waves, the free-running individual frequencies determine the synchronous state.     

Reflection of plane waves in generalized thermoelasticity of type III with nonlocal effect

The generalized thermoelasticity theory based upon the Green and Naghdi model III of thermoelasticity as well as the Eringen's nonlocal elasticity model is used to study the propagation of harmonic plane waves in a nonlocal thermoelastic medium. We found two sets of coupled longitudinal waves, which are dispersive in nature and experience attenuation. In addition to the coupled waves, there also exists one independent vertically shear-type wave, which is dispersive but experiences no attenuation. All these waves are found to be influenced by the elastic nonlocality parameter. Furthermore, the shear-type wave is found to face a critical frequency, while the coupled longitudinal waves may face critical frequencies conditionally. The problem of reflection of the thermoelastic waves at the stress-free insulated and isothermal boundary of a homogeneous, isotropic nonlocal thermoelastic half-space has also been investigated. The formulae for various reflection coefficients and their respective energy ratios are determined in various cases. For a particular material, the effects of the angular frequency and the elastic nonlocal parameter have been shown on phase speeds and the attenuation coefficients of the propagating waves. The effect of the elastic nonlocality on the reflection coefficients and the energy ratios has been observed and depicted graphically. Finally, analysis of the various results has been interpreted.