具有模糊行程的城市物流动态费用多车型车辆调度问题研究

针对城市物流配送中广泛存在的多车型问题,以及由于交通路况等因素导致的配送行程模糊化现象,给出了一种基于梯形模糊数的,以最小化行程费用为目标的具有模糊行程的动态费用多车型车辆调度问题模型.在问题求解方面,针对基本粒子群算法容易陷入局部最优的情况,引入混沌局部搜索策略,给出了一种基于混沌优化技术的混合粒子群算法.仿真实验表明,该算法具有可行性和有效性.     

两类加工时间是一般函数的单机排序问题

考虑了两类有一般加工时间函数的排序问题. 工件的加工时间分别为基本加工时间与开工时间函数、位置函数的和. 对加工时间依赖开工时间的模型,证明了一定条件下极小化最大完工时间和极小化总完工时间是多项式可解的. 对加工时间依赖开工位置的模型,给出极小化最大完工时间和极小化总完工时间的最优序,同时证明了极小化加权总完工时间的一个最优排序性质并给出一个贪婪算法.     

求解集束型装备调度问题的改进遗传算法

针对半导体制造中的有滞留时间约束集束型装备调度问题,以最小化生产周期为目标,建立问题的数学模型,提出基于机械手搬运作业顺序编码的改进遗传算法.设计基于禁止区间法的启发式构造算法以生成初始种群,避免了不可行染色体的产生;通过互换染色体中处于机械手全等待的基因位置,以及基于图论的不可行解修复技术改进局部搜索效率,避免冗余迭代和陷入局部最优等现象.与遗传算法、混合量子进化算法的仿真实验比较,验证了提出算法的有效性和鲁棒性.     

有关单机两代理排序问题的两个结果

研究了两个单机两代理排序问题. 在第一个两代理排序问题中, 代理A的目标函数为极小化所有工件的加权完工时间总和, 代理B的目标函数为极小化最大工件费用. 在第二个两代理排序问题中, 代理A的目标函数为极小化所有工件的加权完工时间总和, 代理B的目标函数为极小化所有工件的最大完工时间. 证明了第一个问题是强NP-难的, 改进了已有的一般意义NP-难的结果; 对第二个问题给出了一个与现有的动态规划算法不同的动态规划算法.     

机器有使用限制的混合恶化排序问题的复杂性

考虑了机器具有使用限制的混合恶化排序问题.其中部分工件的加工时间是固定常数,另一部分的是其开工时间的简单线性函数,工件是不可中断的.文章目标是极小化最大完工时间.对于单机问题,证明了问题是一般意义下的NP-难的,给出了一个4/3-近似算法,并证明了算法界是紧的.对于平行机问题,证明了问题是强NP-难的.     

一阶数值微分的局部正则化方法

本文研究了一阶数值微分问题,将其等价转化为第一类积分方程的求解问题,给出了求解该问题的局部正则化方法.在精确导数的一定假设条件下,讨论了正则化参数的先验选取策略及相应近似导数的误差估计.相对于经典的正则化方法,数值实验表明局部正则化方法能在有效抑制噪声的同时,保证近似导数逼近精确导数的效果,尤其是在精确导数有间断或急剧变化时.     

几乎不可压缩线性弹性问题的多重网格Uzawa型混合有限元方法

该文针对几乎不可压缩弹性问题,设计了多重网格Uzawa型混合有限元方法,成功克服了"闭锁"现象.通过引入"压力"变量p将弹性问题转化为一个鞍点型系统,对该系统将Uzawa型迭代法和多重网格方法相结合,建立了多重网格和套迭代多重网格Uzawa型混合有限元方法,并给出了该算法的收敛性.数值算例验证了方法的有效性和稳定性.     

资产收益可预测的动态资产配置

在资产收益可预测的金融市场中,研究了连续时间最优动态资产配置问题.利用分离定理,带有预测变量的优化问题被分解为一个参数推断问题和一个随机优化问题,利用拉格朗日对偶方法和动态规划方法求得了最优策略和有效前沿.结果表明,预测变量带来的估计误差和投资机会集合时变性都会对最优策略和有效前沿产生显著影响.     

无界区域上 Stokes 方程组的混合有限元方法

本文讨论无界区域上 Stokes 方程组边值问题的有限元近似解.为了克服区域的无界性所造成的困难,本文采用“局部化”技巧,首先将问题化为一个等价的有界区域上的边值问题,然后求解这个等价问题的混合有限元近似解,最后给出了有限元近似解的误差分析.     

变系数导热方程的Robin系数反演问题

本文研究基于非局部边界附加条件下,一类变系数抛物型方程的Robin系数确定问题,这里的Robin系数仅与时间相关.首先给出了变分公式,并利用变分公式证明了解的唯一性,其次给出了时间离散模型,基于线性离散化的变分形式,导出了一系列先验估计,证明了弱解的存在性,并对其进行了误差分析.     

Mixed methods with dynamic finite-element spaces for miscible displacement in porous media

Miscible displacement in porous media is modeled by a nonlinear coupled system of two partial differential equations. We approximate the pressure equation, which is elliptic, and the concentration equation, which is parabolic but normally convection-dominated, by the mixed methods with dynamic finite-element spaces, i.e., different number of elements and different basis functions are adopted at different time levels; and the approximate concentration is projected onto the next finite-element space in weighted L²-norm for starting a new time step. This allows us to make local grid refinements or unrefinements and basis function improvements. Two fully discrete schemes are presented and analysed. Error estimates show that these methods have optimal convergent rate in some sense. The efficiency and capability of the dynamic finite-element method are commented for accurately solving time-dependent problems with localized phenomena, such as fronts, shocks, and boundary layers.     

Homogenization of degenerate coupled transport processes in porous media with memory terms

In this paper, we establish a homogenization result for a doubly nonlinear parabolic system arising from the hygro‐thermo‐chemical processes in porous media taking into account memory phenomena. We present a mesoscale model of the composite (heterogeneous) material where each component is considered as a porous system and the voids of the skeleton are partially saturated with liquid water. It is shown that the solution of the mesoscale problem is two‐scale convergent to that of the upscaled problem as the spatial parameter goes to zero.     

Solution of two-phase flow problems in porous media via an alternating-direction finite element method

The application of an alternating-direction finite element solution procedure to two-phase immiscible displacement problems in porous media is illustrated. This solution scheme provides for rapid solution of the discrete problem, due to the narrow banded matrices involved, with an accuracy which is comparable to that of standard finite element approximations. The governing partial differential equations for immiscible two-phase porous media flow are given and their discretization, via a Laplace-modified time stepping scheme, is presented. Iterative improvement of the time stepping scheme is also considered and numerical examples are provided which demonstrate the saving in computational time which can be achieved.     

A combined mixed and discontinuous Galerkin method for compressible miscible displacement problem in porous media

In this paper, we present a numerical scheme for solving the coupled system of compressible miscible displacement problem in porous media. The flow equation is solved by the mixed finite element method, and the transport equation is approximated by a discontinuous Galerkin method. The scheme is continuous in time and a priori hp error estimates is presented.     

Discontinuous finite volume method for compressible miscible displacement problems in porous media

The compressible miscible displacement problem in porous media is modeled by a coupled system of two nonlinear partial differential equations: the pressure equation and the concentration equation are parabolic equation. In this article, we present discontinuous finite volume method for the concentration equation and the pressure equation. The optimal order error estimates for pressure and concentration are obtained in a mesh dependent norm.     

Parallel algorithm combined with mixed element procedure for compressible miscible displacement problem

Based on overlapping domain decomposition, we construct a parallel mixed finite element algorithm for solving the compressible miscible displacement problem in porous media. The algorithm is fully parallel. We consider the relation between the convergence rate and discretization parameters, including the overlapping degree of the subspaces. We give the corresponding error estimate, which tells us that only two iterations are needed to reach to given accuracy at each time level. Numerical results are presented to confirm our theoretical analysis.     

Simulation of uncompressible fluid flow through a porous media

Recently, a great interest has been focused for investigations about transport phenomena in disordered systems. One of the most treated topics is fluid flow through anisotropic materials due to the importance in many industrial processes like fluid flow in filters, membranes, walls, oil reservoirs, etc. In this work is described the formulation of a 2D mathematical model to simulate the fluid flow behavior through a porous media (PM) based on the solution of the continuity equation as a function of the Darcy’s law for a percolation system; which was reproduced using computational techniques reproduced using a random distribution of the porous media properties (porosity, permeability and saturation). The model displays the filling of a partially saturated porous media with a new injected fluid showing the non-defined advance front and dispersion of fluids phenomena.     

非牛顿流体的二相驱替问题

本文考虑非牛顿流体的二相驱替问题.假设石油是非牛顿流体,满足带有初始压力梯度的直线渗透定律,对于一维问题推导了孔隙介质以及裂缝-孔隙介质中水驱非牛顿石油问题的基本方程,并且求得了数值解.通过和牛顿流情况的比较,揭示了水驱非牛顿石油的基本规律.     

Superconvergence of a combined mixed finite element and discontinuous Galerkin method for a compressible miscible displacement problem

A combined mixed finite element and discontinuous Galerkin method for a compressible miscible displacement problem which includes molecular diffusion and dispersion in porous media is investigated. That is to say, the mixed finite element method with Raviart-Thomas space is applied to the flow equation, and the transport one is solved by the symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (SIPG) approximation. Based on projection interpolations and induction hypotheses, a superconvergence estimate is obtained. During the analysis, an extension of the Darcy velocity along the Gauss line is also used in the evaluation of the coefficients in the Galerkin procedure for the concentration.     

Generalized EVI-space-time Galerkin method for dynamical modeling in porous media

We investigate a generalized space–time discontinuous Galerkin formulation for modeling dynamical phenomena in porous media. The finite element approximation is based on a coupled space–time discretization. An advanced Embedded Velocity Integration (EVI) technique is applied to circumvent the direction solution of the displacement fields but to solve the rate term of the unknowns. Moverover, a stabilization factor α is introduced to modify the integration scheme of the velocities, which further contributes to the numerical stabilization of the overall solution. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)