删失混合效应模型的分位回归及变量选择

纵向数据常常用正态混合效应模型进行分析.然而,违背正态性的假定往往会导致无效的推断.与传统的均值回归相比较,分位回归可以给出响应变量条件分布的完整刻画,对于非正态误差分布也可以给稳健的估计结果.本文主要考虑右删失响应下纵向混合效应模型的分位回归估计和变量选择问题.首先,逆删失概率加权方法被用来得到模型的参数估计.其次,结合逆删失概率加权和LASSO惩罚变量选择方法考虑了模型的变量选择问题.蒙特卡洛模拟显示所提方法要比直接删除删失数据的估计方法更具优势.最后,分析了一组艾滋病数据集来展示所提方法的实际应用效果.     

响应变量删失时函数型部分线性分位数回归模型的估计

最近几年,函数型数据分析的理论和应用飞速发展.在许多实际应用里,响应变量往往存在随机右删失的情况.考虑利用函数型部分线性分位数回归模型来刻画函数型和标量预测量与右删失响应变量之间的关系.基于函数型主成分基函数来逼近未知的斜率函数,通过极小化逆概率加权分位数损失函数得到未知系数的估计量.文章的估计方法容易通过加权分位数回归程序实现.在一定的假设条件下,给出了有限维参数估计量的渐近正态性与斜率函数估计量的收敛速度.最后,通过模拟计算与应用实例证明了所提方法的有效性.     

响应变量缺失下非线性回归模型的加权半参数估计

基于逆概率加权方法研究了响应变量缺失下非线性回归模型的参数估计问题,提出了一种利用广义部分线性单指标模型对选择概率建模的加权半参数估计方法.从理论上证明了所得估计量具有渐近正态性,并通过数据模拟分析研究了所提方法在有限样本下的表现.     

右删失数据下多响应AFT模型的两阶段估计

在生存分析领域,加速失效时间(AFT)模型经常被用于预测事件发生的时间.本文将该模型推广到多事件时间情形,提出了多响应AFT模型,并假设协变量是高维的,模型的系数矩阵是联合低秩且稀疏的.此外还假设多个事件时间受制于同一个右删失变量.为了估计模型中的系数矩阵,本文提出一个两阶段方法,先对数据进行逆概率删失加权(IPCW),再用SESS算法求解一个稀疏降秩回归问题.本文通过数值模拟,验证了所提方法的有效性.最后将该方法应用于一个关于白血病患者骨髓移植的临床数据集.     

纵向单调缺失数据下线性模型的二次推断函数估计

纵向数据缺失的情况常常发生,文章考虑响应变量带有单调缺失的纵向数据.在逆概率加权广义估计方程(IPWGEE)的基础上,采用二次推断函数(QIF)方法研究线性模型下回归参数的估计问题.在一定的正则条件下,证明了所得估计量的相合性和渐近正态性.最后,通过模拟研究和实例分析验证了所提出方法在有限样本下的实际表现.     

缺失数据下面板数据模型的正交逆概率加权估计

在模型的响应变量部分缺失的情况下,考虑一类带固定效应的面板数据模型的估计问题.通过结合逆概率加权方法和矩阵的QR分解技术,提出了一个基于正交逆概率加权的估计过程.证明了所得估计的相合性和渐近分布等渐近性质,并且通过数值模拟研究了所得估计的有限样本性质.     

删失分位数变系数回归模型的FIC模型平均估计（英文）

考虑了删失分位数变系数回归模型的FIC准则,并基于FIC准则给出了兴趣参数的模型选择和平均估计.为了全面反映响应变量的分布信息,克服异常值和重尾模型误差,文章对响应变量的不同分位数水平进行建模,因此与普通最小二乘方法相比更为稳健.在较为一般的条件下,证明了所提估计的渐近性质,通过模拟实验研究了估计的有限样本性质,用所提方法分析了手机用户的游戏时间数据.     

基于协变量缺失的Horvitz-Thompson加权分位回归估计方法

含有协变量缺失的数据缺失问题是现代统计分析中的热点之一.当缺失数据中同时存在厚尾,偏斜和异方差问题时则更加难以处理.为此,本文提出一种逆概率加权分位回归估计来研究响应和协变量之间的关系.与经典估计方法相比具有明显优势,一方面,该估计量使用了所有可用的数据,并且允许缺失的协变量与响应高度相关;另一方面,该估计量在所有分位数水平上满足一致性和渐近正态性.通过模拟验证了该方法的在有限样本下的有效性,进一步将该方法推广到线性多元回归模型和非参数回归模型.     

单调缺失机制下高维纵向线性回归模型的变量选择

在响应变量带有单调缺失的情形下考虑高维纵向线性回归模型的变量选择.主要基于逆概率加权广义估计方程提出了一种自动的变量选择方法,该方法不使用现有的惩罚函数,不涉及惩罚函数非凸最优化的问题,并且可以自动地剔除零回归系数,同时得到非零回归系数的估计.在一定正则条件下,证明了该变量选择方法具有Oracle性质.最后,通过模拟研究验证了所提出方法的有限样本性质.     

删失数据下回归函数的加权局部复合分位数 回归估计

在右删失数据下,研究了误差具有异方差结构的非参数回归模型,利用局部多项式方法构造了回归函数的加权局部复合分位数回归估计,并得到了该估计的渐近正态性结果,最后通过模拟,当误差为重尾分布时,该估计比局部多项式估计以及核估计表现得更好.     

Bayesian joint quantile regression for mixed effects models with censoring and errors in covariates

In this paper, we discuss Bayesian joint quantile regression of mixed effects models with censored responses and errors in covariates simultaneously using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Under the assumption of asymmetric Laplace error distribution, we establish a Bayesian hierarchical model and derive the posterior distributions of all unknown parameters based on Gibbs sampling algorithm. Three cases including multivariate normal distribution and other two heavy-tailed distributions are considered for fitting random effects of the mixed effects models. Finally, some Monte Carlo simulations are performed and the proposed procedure is illustrated by analyzing a group of AIDS clinical data set.     

Joint modeling for mixed-effects quantile regression of longitudinal data with detection limits and covariates measured with error,with application to AIDS studies

It is very common in AIDS studies that response variable (e.g., HIV viral load) may be subject to censoring due to detection limits while covariates (e.g., CD4 cell count) may be measured with error. Failure to take censoring in response variable and measurement errors in covariates into account may introduce substantial bias in estimation and thus lead to unreliable inference. Moreover, with non-normal and/or heteroskedastic data, traditional mean regression models are not robust to tail reactions. In this case, one may find it attractive to estimate extreme causal relationship of covariates to a dependent variable, which can be suitably studied in quantile regression framework. In this paper, we consider joint inference of mixed-effects quantile regression model with right-censored responses and errors in covariates. The inverse censoring probability weighted method and the orthogonal regression method are combined to reduce the biases of estimation caused by censored data and measurement errors. Under some regularity conditions, the consistence and asymptotic normality of estimators are derived. Finally, some simulation studies are implemented and a HIV/AIDS clinical data set is analyzed to to illustrate the proposed procedure.     

Bayesian lasso binary quantile regression

In this paper, a Bayesian hierarchical model for variable selection and estimation in the context of binary quantile regression is proposed. Existing approaches to variable selection in a binary classification context are sensitive to outliers, heteroskedasticity or other anomalies of the latent response. The method proposed in this study overcomes these problems in an attractive and straightforward way. A Laplace likelihood and Laplace priors for the regression parameters are proposed and estimated with Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo. The resulting model is equivalent to the frequentist lasso procedure. A conceptional result is that by doing so, the binary regression model is moved from a Gaussian to a full Laplacian framework without sacrificing much computational efficiency. In addition, an efficient Gibbs sampler to estimate the model parameters is proposed that is superior to the Metropolis algorithm that is used in previous studies on Bayesian binary quantile regression. Both the simulation studies and the real data analysis indicate that the proposed method performs well in comparison to the other methods. Moreover, as the base model is binary quantile regression, a much more detailed insight in the effects of the covariates is provided by the approach. An implementation of the lasso procedure for binary quantile regression models is available in the R-package bayesQR.     

A New Approach to Censored Quantile Regression Estimation

Quantile regression provides an attractive tool to the analysis of censored responses, because the conditional quantile functions are often of direct interest in regression analysis, and moreover, the quantiles are often identifiable while the conditional mean functions are not. Existing methods of estimation for censored quantiles are mostly limited to singly left- or right-censored data, with some attempts made to extend the methods to doubly censored data. In this article, we propose a new and unified approach, based on a variation of the data augmentation algorithm, to censored quantile regression estimation. The proposed method adapts easily to different forms of censoring including doubly censored and interval censored data, and somewhat surprisingly, the resulting estimates improve on the performance of the best known estimators with singly censored data. Supplementary material for this article is available online.     

Bayesian analysis of quantile regression for censored dynamic panel data

This paper develops a Bayesian approach to analyzing quantile regression models for censored dynamic panel data. We employ a likelihood-based approach using the asymmetric Laplace error distribution and introduce lagged observed responses into the conditional quantile function. We also deal with the initial conditions problem in dynamic panel data models by introducing correlated random effects into the model. For posterior inference, we propose a Gibbs sampling algorithm based on a location-scale mixture representation of the asymmetric Laplace distribution. It is shown that the mixture representation provides fully tractable conditional posterior densities and considerably simplifies existing estimation procedures for quantile regression models. In addition, we explain how the proposed Gibbs sampler can be utilized for the calculation of marginal likelihood and the modal estimation. Our approach is illustrated with real data on medical expenditures.     

Variable selection via quantile regression with the process of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type

Based on the data-cutoff method,we study quantile regression in linear models,where the noise process is of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type with possible jumps.In single-level quantile regression,we allow the noise process to be heteroscedastic,while in composite quantile regression,we require that the noise process be homoscedastic so that the slopes are invariant across quantiles.Similar to the independent noise case,the proposed quantile estimators are root-n consistent and asymptotic normal.Furthermore,the adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)is applied for the purpose of variable selection.As a result,the quantile estimators are consistent in variable selection,and the nonzero coefficient estimators enjoy the same asymptotic distribution as their counterparts under the true model.Extensive numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approaches and foreign exchange rate data are analyzed for the illustration purpose.     

Quantile regression based on counting process approach under semi-competing risks data

In this paper, we investigate the quantile regression analysis for semi-competing risks data in which a non-terminal event may be dependently censored by a terminal event. The estimation of quantile regression parameters for the non-terminal event is complicated. We cannot make inference on the non-terminal event without extra assumptions. Thus, we handle this problem by assuming that the joint distribution of the terminal event and the non-terminal event follows a parametric copula model with unspecified marginal distributions. We use the stochastic property of the martingale method to estimate the quantile regression parameters under semi-competing risks data. We also prove the large sample properties of the proposed estimator, and introduce a model diagnostic approach to check model adequacy. From simulation results, it shows that the proposed estimator performs well. For illustration, we apply our proposed approach to analyze a real data.     

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多元非参数分位数回归常常是难于估计的, 为了降低维数同时保持非参数估计的灵活性, 人们常常用单指标的方法模拟响应变量的条件分位数. 本文主要研究单指标分位数回归的变量选择. 以最小化平均损失估计为基础, 我们通过最小化具有SCAD惩罚项的平均损失进行变量选择和参数估计. 在正则条件下, 得到了单指标分位数回归SCAD变量选择的Oracle性质, 给出了SCAD变量选择的计算方法, 并通过模拟研究说明了本文所提方法变量选择的样本性质.     

Efficient estimation and variable selection for infinite variance autoregressive models

In this paper, a self-weighted composite quantile regression estimation procedure is developed to estimate unknown parameter in an infinite variance autoregressive (IVAR) model. The proposed estimator is asymptotically normal and more efficient than a single quantile regression estimator. At the same time, the adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) for variable selection are also suggested. We show that the adaptive LASSO based on the self-weighted composite quantile regression enjoys the oracle properties. Simulation studies and a real data example are conducted to examine the performance of the proposed approaches.     

Variable selection in censored quantile regression with high dimensional data

We propose a two-step variable selection procedure for censored quantile regression with high dimensional predictors. To account for censoring data in high dimensional case, we employ effective dimension reduction and the ideas of informative subset idea. Under some regularity conditions, we show that our procedure enjoys the model selection consistency. Simulation study and real data analysis are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed approach.