Birkhoff integral for multi-valued functions

The aim of this paper is to study Birkhoff integrability for multi-valued maps , where (Ω,Σ,μ) is a complete finite measure space, X is a Banach space and cwk(X) is the family of all non-empty convex weakly compact subsets of X. It is shown that the Birkhoff integral of F can be computed as the limit for the Hausdorff distance in cwk(X) of a net of Riemann sums ∑_nμ(A_n)F(t_n). We link Birkhoff integrability with Debreu integrability, a notion introduced to replace sums associated to correspondences when studying certain models in Mathematical Economics. We show that each Debreu integrable multi-valued function is Birkhoff integrable and that each Birkhoff integrable multi-valued function is Pettis integrable. The three previous notions coincide for finite dimensional Banach spaces and they are different even for bounded multi-valued functions when X is infinite dimensional and X∗ is assumed to be separable. We show that when F takes values in the family of all non-empty convex norm compact sets of a separable Banach space X, then F is Pettis integrable if, and only if, F is Birkhoff integrable; in particular, these Pettis integrable F's can be seen as single-valued Pettis integrable functions with values in some other adequate Banach space. Incidentally, to handle some of the constructions needed we prove that if X is an Asplund Banach space, then cwk(X) is separable for the Hausdorff distance if, and only if, X is finite dimensional.     

Copies of c 0 in the space of Pettis integrable functions with integrals of finite variation

Let (Ω,Σ,μ) be a complete finite measure space and X a Banach space. If all X-valued Pettis integrals defined on (Ω,Σ,μ) have separable ranges we show that the space of all weakly μ-measurable (classes of scalarly equivalent) X-valued Pettis integrable functions with integrals of finite variation, equipped with the variation norm, contains a copy of?c ₀ if and only if X does.     

On the equivalence of McShane and Pettis integrability in non-separable Banach spaces

We show that McShane and Pettis integrability coincide for functions , where μ is any finite measure. On the other hand, assuming the Continuum Hypothesis, we prove that there exist a weakly Lindelöf determined Banach space X, a scalarly null (hence Pettis integrable) function and an absolutely summing operator u from X to another Banach space Y such that the composition is not Bochner integrable; in particular, h is not McShane integrable.     

Measurable selectors and set-valued Pettis integral in non-separable Banach spaces

Kuratowski and Ryll-Nardzewski's theorem about the existence of measurable selectors for multi-functions is one of the keystones for the study of set-valued integration; one of the drawbacks of this result is that separability is always required for the range space. In this paper we study Pettis integrability for multi-functions and we obtain a Kuratowski and Ryll-Nardzewski's type selection theorem without the requirement of separability for the range space. Being more precise, we show that any Pettis integrable multi-function F:Ω→cwk(X) defined in a complete finite measure space (Ω,Σ,μ) with values in the family cwk(X) of all non-empty convex weakly compact subsets of a general (non-necessarily separable) Banach space X always admits Pettis integrable selectors and that, moreover, for each A∈Σ the Pettis integral coincides with the closure of the set of integrals over A of all Pettis integrable selectors of F. As a consequence we prove that if X is reflexive then every scalarly measurable multi-function F:Ω→cwk(X) admits scalarly measurable selectors; the latter is also proved when (X^∗,w^∗) is angelic and has density character at most ω₁. In each of these two situations the Pettis integrability of a multi-function F:Ω→cwk(X) is equivalent to the uniform integrability of the family . Results about norm-Borel measurable selectors for multi-functions satisfying stronger measurability properties but without the classical requirement of the range Banach space being separable are also obtained.     

EMBEDDING C0 IN THE SPACE OF PETTIS INTEGRABLE FUNCTIONS

Abstract

We show that the normed space of μ-measurable Pettis integrable functions on a probability space with values in a Banach space X contains a copy of the sequence space c₀ if and only if X contains a copy of c₀. In this case, if the probability μ has infinite range, a copy of c₀ consisting of μ-measurable functions can be found, such that it is complemented in the bigger space of all weakly μ-measurable Pettis integrable functions.     

On Pettis Integrability

Assuming that (Ω, Σ, μ) is a complete probability space and X a Banach space, in this paper we investigate the problem of the X-inheritance of certain copies of c ₀ or l_￥\ell _\infty in the linear space of all [classes of] X-valued μ-weakly measurable Pettis integrable functions equipped with the usual semivariation norm.     

On integration of vector functions with respect to vector measures

We study integration of Banach space-valued functions with respect to Banach space-valued measures. We focus our attention on natural extensions to this setting of the Birkhoff and McShane integrals. The corresponding generalization of the Birkhoff integral was first considered by Dobrakov under the name S*-integral. Our main result states that S*-integrability implies McShane integrability in contexts in which the later notion is definable. We also show that a function is measurable and McShane integrable if and only if it is Dobrakov integrable (i.e. Bartle *-integrable).     

The Denjoy extension of the Riemann and Mcshane integrals

In this paper we study the Denjoy-Riemann and Denjoy-McShane integrals of functions mapping an interval [a, b] into a Banach space X. It is shown that a Denjoy-Bochner integrable function on [a, b] is Denjoy-Riemann integrable on [a, b], that a Denjoy-Riemann integrable function on [a, b] is Denjoy-McShane integrable on [a, b] and that a Denjoy-McShane integrable function on [a, b] is Denjoy-Pettis integrable on [a, b]. In addition, it is shown that for spaces that do not contain a copy of c ₀, a measurable Denjoy-McShane integrable function on [a, b] is McShane integrable on some subinterval of [a, b]. Some examples of functions that are integrable in one sense but not another are included.     

On the equivalence of McShane and Pettis integrability in non-separable Banach spaces

We show that McShane and Pettis integrability coincide for functions , where μ is any finite measure. On the other hand, assuming the Continuum Hypothesis, we prove that there exist a weakly Lindelöf determined Banach space X, a scalarly null (hence Pettis integrable) function and an absolutely summing operator u from X to another Banach space Y such that the composition is not Bochner integrable; in particular, h is not McShane integrable.     

The Pettis integral for multi-valued functions via single-valued ones

We study the Pettis integral for multi-functions defined on a complete probability space (Ω,Σ,μ) with values into the family cwk(X) of all convex weakly compact non-empty subsets of a separable Banach space X. From the notion of Pettis integrability for such an F studied in the literature one readily infers that if we embed cwk(X) into ?_∞(BX^∗) by means of the mapping defined by j(C)(x^∗)=sup(x^∗(C)), then j○F is integrable with respect to a norming subset of B?_∞^∗(BX^∗). A natural question arises: When is j○F Pettis integrable? In this paper we answer this question by proving that the Pettis integrability of any cwk(X)-valued function F is equivalent to the Pettis integrability of j○F if and only if X has the Schur property that is shown to be equivalent to the fact that cwk(X) is separable when endowed with the Hausdorff distance. We complete the paper with some sufficient conditions (involving stability in Talagrand's sense) that ensure the Pettis integrability of j○F for a given Pettis integrable cwk(X)-valued function F.     

Real interpolation method on spaces of scalar integrable functions with respect to vector measures

For a given measurable space (Ω,Σ), and a vector measure m:Σ→X with values in a Banach space X we consider the spaces of p-power integrable and weakly integrable, respectively, functions with respect to the measure m, Lp(m) and , for 1?p<∞. In this note we describe the real interpolated spaces that we obtain when the K-method is applied to any couple of these spaces.     

The Average Range Characterization of the Radon–Nikodym Property

A characterization of Banach spaces possessing the Radon—Nikodym property is given in terms of the average range of additive interval functions. We prove that a Banach space X has the RNP if and only if each X-valued additive interval function possessing absolutely continuous McShane (or Henstock) variational measure has nonempty average range almost everywhere on [0, 1].     

Some new results on integration for multifunction

It has been proven in Di Piazza and Musia? (Set Valued Anal 13:167–179, 2005, Vector measures, integration and related topics, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, vol 201, pp 171–182, 2010) that each Henstock–Kurzweil–Pettis integrable multifunction with weakly compact values can be represented as a sum of one of its selections and a Pettis integrable multifunction. We prove here that if the initial multifunction is also Bochner measurable and has absolutely continuous variational measure of its integral, then it is a sum of a strongly measurable selection and of a variationally Henstock integrable multifunction that is also Birkhoff integrable (Theorem 3.4). Moreover, in case of strongly measurable (multi)functions, a characterization of the Birkhoff integrability is given using a kind of Birkhoff strong property.     

Absolutely summing operators and integration of vector-valued functions

Let (Ω,Σ,μ) be a complete probability space and an absolutely summing operator between Banach spaces. We prove that for each Dunford integrable (i.e., scalarly integrable) function the composition u○f is scalarly equivalent to a Bochner integrable function. Such a composition is shown to be Bochner integrable in several cases, for instance, when f is properly measurable, Birkhoff integrable or McShane integrable, as well as when X is a subspace of an Asplund generated space or a subspace of a weakly Lindelöf space of the form C(K). We also study the continuity of the composition operator f?u○f. Some other applications are given.     

A Wide Class of Ultrabornological Spaces of Measurable Functions

Our main result states that a bornological locally convex space having a suitable Boolean algebra of projections is ultrabornological. This general theorem, whose proof is a variation of the sliding-hump techniques used in [Díaz et al., Arch. Math. (Basel)60 (1993), 73-78; Díaz et al., Resultate Math.23 (1993), 242-250; Drewnowski el al., Proc. Amer. Math. Sec.114 (1992), 687-694; Drewnowski et al., Atti. Sem. Mat. Fis. Univ. Modena41 (1993), 317-329], is applied to prove that some non-complete normed spaces such as the spaces of Dunford, Pettis, or McShane integrable functions, as well as other interesting spaces of weakly or strongly measurable functions, are ultrabornological. We also give applications to vector-valued sequence spaces; in particular, we prove that ℓ^p{X} (1 ≤ p < ∞) is an ultrabornological DF-space when X is.     

On Henstock–Kurzweil and McShane integrals of Banach space-valued functions

This paper deals with the relation between the McShane integral and the Henstock–Kurzweil integral for the functions mapping a compact interval into a Banach space X and some other questions in connection with the McShane integral and the Henstock–Kurzweil integral of Banach space-valued functions. We prove that if a Banach space-valued function f is Henstock–Kurzweil integrable on I₀ and satisfies Property (P), then I₀ can be written as a countable union of closed sets E_n such that f is McShane integrable on each E_n when X contains no copy of c₀. We further give an answer to the Karták's question.     

关于Banach-值函数的Henstock积分

讨论了Banach-值函数的H enstock积分与P ettis积分的关系,证明了若f是几乎可分值且弱有界的,则f是H enstock可积的当且仅当f是P ettis可积的.     

Vitali type convergence theorems for Banach space valued integrals

Let(Ω,Σ,μ)be a complete probability space and let X be a Banach space.We introduce the notion of scalar equi-convergence in measure which being applied to sequences of Pettis integrable functions generates a new convergence theorem.We also obtain a Vitali type I-convergence theorem for Pettis integrals where I is an ideal on N.     

The McShane integral in weakly compactly generated spaces

Di Piazza and Preiss asked whether every Pettis integrable function defined on [0,1] and taking values in a weakly compactly generated Banach space is McShane integrable. In this paper we answer this question in the negative. Moreover, we give a counterexample where the target Banach space is reflexive.     

Relations among Henstock,McShane and Pettis integrals for multifunctions with compact convex values

Fremlin (Ill J Math 38:471–479, 1994) proved that a Banach space valued function is McShane integrable if and only if it is Henstock and Pettis integrable. In this paper we prove that the result remains valid also in case of multifunctions with compact convex values being subsets of an arbitrary Banach space (see Theorem 3.4). Di Piazza and Musia? (Monatsh Math 148:119–126, 2006) proved that if $X$ is a separable Banach space, then each Henstock integrable multifunction which takes as its values convex compact subsets of $X$ is a sum of a McShane integrable multifunction and a Henstock integrable function. Here we show that such a decomposition is true also in case of an arbitrary Banach space (see Theorem 3.3). We prove also that Henstock and McShane integrable multifunctions possess Henstock and McShane (respectively) integrable selections (see Theorem 3.1).