光纤陀螺随机误差建模与滤波方法研究

提出了一种适用于高精度光纤陀螺的静态输出信号建模的时间序列模型,建立了光纤陀螺随机误差的卡尔曼滤波器。结果表明,该建模和滤波方法有效地减小了FOG的误差,明显地降低了陀螺的随机漂移,提高了导航精度,具有较好的实用价值。     

振动对光纤陀螺线形测量系统影响分析

在使用光纤陀螺测量系统对桥梁线形进行测量的过程中,来自汽车和路面的振动影响会给测量结果带来巨大的误差。使用Morlet小波对光纤陀螺采集到的信号进行时频分析,确定了27 Hz以上均为噪声信号。在对巴东长江大桥的线形测量中,使用切比雪夫滤波器去除光纤陀螺采集到的噪声信号,大大的提高了光纤陀螺线形测量系统的精度。     

高准确度光纤陀螺中相位调制的控制研究

在相位调制器基础上，提出了围绕干涉型光纤陀螺的闭环控制方案.对高准确度光纤陀螺中Y波导集成光学器件的调制特性及系统测试方法进行了研究，对其应用及光路各环节配合的技术进行了探讨，对该器件在光纤陀螺系统中的特性和测试系统进行讨论.在高准确度光纤陀螺中取得明显效果.目前，工程样机的零偏稳定性已达到0.02°/h.     

对轴误差对光纤陀螺输出的影响

理论分析并试验研究了Y波导保偏尾纤与保偏光纤线圈之间熔接点的对轴误差对光纤陀螺输出的影响.根据简化的光纤陀螺光路误差模型,对光纤陀螺的输出相位误差与光路中主要耦合点的对轴误差的关系进行了理论推导和仿真分析,并利用一个实际的闭环光纤陀螺试验研究了主要熔接点的对轴误差变化对光纤陀螺零偏和零偏稳定性的影响.结果表明,Y波导保偏尾纤与保偏光纤线圈之间的对轴误差是引起光纤陀螺输出误差的重要因素,必须尽量减小.     

Research on the estimation method of DVL velocity error based on double program in Fiber Optic Gyro SINS

As a basic velocity, DVL is introduced in the navigation solution process of Fiber Optic Gyro Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (FOG SINS). According to the special application background, DVL error is unavoidable to be introduced to navigation information that is calculated by FOG SINS. Firstly, the effect of DVL error on steady-state error of misalignment angles is derived. Secondly, the estimation method of DVL error is proposed: the DVL velocity error is calculated by attitude information, which is resolved respectively from compass solution method and inertial navigation solution method. At last, both simulations and ocean experiments verify the feasibility of the method.     

Bias error caused by broad-spectrum source and birefringence effect in fiber optical gyroscope

To analyze the bias error in the optical path of closed-loop polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber optical gyroscope (FOG), the interference signal term carrying only Sagnac phase shift in phase is divided into two types: one generated by interference between main wave-trains in the clock-wise (CW) direction and counter clock-wise (CCW) direction, and the other one generated by interference between secondary wave-trains in the CW and CCW direction. The residual term is discovered in the second kind, which is caused by synthetic effect of broad-spectrum source and birefringence effect in a FOG with the existence of crossovers. The main influencing factors and the effect on FOG performance of the bias error generated by the residual term is analyzed, and its suppression measures are promoted. Simulation result demonstrates that the bias error can be suppressed from about 0.02°/h to less than 2×10⁻⁴°/h at room temperature and its peak to peak value of variation with temperature can be suppressed to less than 4×10⁻⁴°/h, through matching birefringent fiber length and increasing the delay between modes of light source, which is small enough to meet the requirement of FOG with high performance.     

Study of reflection error in closed-loop polarization-maintained interferometric fiber optic gyroscope

To analyze quantitatively and systematically the reflection error in optical path of closed-loop polarization-maintained (PM) fiber optical gyroscope (FOG), the optical model is established and analyzed. Based on the optical model and the principle of the coherence detection in signal processing, the source of the reflection error is disclosed from the point of wave trains, and its effect on FOG performance is analyzed in detail, including variation as the step wave on modulator and as the environment temperature. In addition, the measures are promoted to suppress the reflection error, and the simulation result demonstrates that the peak-to-peak value of the reflection error can be suppressed from about 0.8°/h to less than 6×10⁻³°/h through matching the length of birefringent pigtails, which is small enough to meet the requirement of FOG with high performance.     

光纤陀螺SFS光源温度稳定性及驱动控制研究

随着光纤陀螺研究的不断进展,对陀螺光源的稳定性的要求也越来越高。SFS(超荧光光纤光源)正是应用于高精度陀螺要求的宽带光源,它的平均波长和功率的温度稳定性直接影响着光纤陀螺的性能。从SFS的特性分析对其驱动系统进行了设计,提出并实现了温度稳定性的控制方案。     

光纤陀螺仪零漂信号的Allan方差分析

介绍了光纤陀螺零漂实验的设备环境,硬件和软件的构成及数据采集过程。在测得光纤陀螺零漂信号的基础上,运用Allan方差理论对陀螺信号进行定量的分析,得到了光纤陀螺5个误差源系数的大小,并根据误差源的产生机理,找到了光纤陀螺硬件存在误差的部分,提出了光纤陀螺的改进方案。     

光纤陀螺数字闭环控制系统模型实验研究

数字闭环光纤陀螺的动态性能受控制系统设计的影响.根据光纤陀螺数字闭环检测过程,建立了控制系统的数学模型.为在全频带内对模型进行验证,提出了基于Faraday效应的光纤陀螺频率响应测试方法,对该测试方法与角振动台测试方法的等效性进行了分析.设计了频率响应测试系统,测试范围大于50 kHz,波形失真小于0.1%.实测了采用一阶积分控制算法的数字闭环光纤陀螺频率响应.实验结果表明模型误差小于8%.     

Effects of Polarization-Maintaining Fibre Degrading on Precision of Fibre Optic Gyroscopes in Radiation Environment

In the space environment, the precision of fibre optic gyroscopes （FOGs） degrades because of space radiation. Photonic components of FOGs are affected by radiation, especially the polarization-maintaining （PM） fibre coil. In relation to the space radiation environment characteristic, we have carried out a series of radiation experiments on a PM fibre coil with 6OCo radiation source at different dose rates. Bazed on the experimental results, the formula between the PM-fibre loss and radiation dose rate is built, and the relation between the precision of FOG and radiation dose is obtained accordingly. The results strongly show that the precision of our FOG degrades owing to the attenuation of the polarization-maintaining fibre, which provides theoretical foundation for the radiation-resistant design of the FOG.     

Birefringence sensitivity to temperature of polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibers

In this paper, we investigate the birefringence of polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibers (PM-PCFs) under thermal effect. Modeling and simulation of PM-PCFs under thermal effect are conducted. Birefringence in a PM-PCF as a function of the temperature is measured experimentally. The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical calculation, and show that the relative temperature dependent birefringence coefficient of the PM-PCF, dΔn/dT/Δn, is 2.93×10^?5/°C, which is typically ～35 times less than that of conventional panda fibers. The insensitivity of polarization properties in PM-PCFs to temperature is demonstrated. These findings have important benefits in fiber optic systems and sensors, especially in fiber optic gyroscopes (FOG) where it translates into a lower polarization error and thus a higher measurement precision.     

单光纤光纤陀螺误差分析

单光纤光纤陀螺采用的是单光纤在线制作技术。由于这种方法是把所有的光器件都放在一根光纤上制作,因此各光器件的连接处没有融接点,并且光器件的性能可在线控制。在分析其结构的基础上建立了开环FOG的光学模型,并进行了误差分析。指出了单光纤光纤陀螺方案是低成本、高可靠性、易于工程化的一种方案。     

光纤陀螺温度场仿真分析与陀螺外罩结构优化设计

通过对Shupe误差数学模型进行分析,确定了引起Shupe误差、导致陀螺零偏误差大的原因之一是闭环光纤陀螺光纤环温度场时空分布不均。利用Ansys Workbench与Icepark软件建立了闭环光纤陀螺敏感单元有限元热模型,并对该模型进行了瞬态与稳态温度场的仿真分析,得出通过改进陀螺外罩设计可以使光纤环温度场分布更加均匀,有助于减小Shupe误差引入的零偏误差。结合仿真结果,进一步对陀螺外罩的几种热设计方案进行了热仿真分析与定量化设计,确定了陀螺外罩的最优设计方案:当内层采用厚度为0.8 mm的软磁合金材料作为隔热层,外层采用厚度为1.5 mm硬铝材料作为均热层时,光纤环的温度时空变化率最小。通过对优化方案进行实验验证,使光纤环在降温过程中温度变化减小了1.8 ℃,使其最高最低点温度差减小了0.68 ℃。     

电光相位调制器谐波响应对光纤陀螺的影响

从电光相位调制器的谐波响应出发,对干涉型光纤陀螺信号零偏、零漂的产生来源进行了探讨.用干涉理论和正弦波调制解调分析从原理上指出调制器的振幅与相位两种谐波可产生陀螺信号的零偏和零漂.根据调制器典型数据所做的模拟与人为加入温漂时所得的试验结果相当吻合.从而证实调制器谐波响应是产生陀螺信号偏移和漂移的主要原因,为减小光纤陀螺零偏和零漂提供了一条新思路.     

Accurate calibration for drift of fiber optic gyroscope in multi-position north-seeking phase

This paper presents an accurate calibration method for drift of fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) in multi-position north-seeking phase. To avoid the effect of the rate of change of accelerometer bias on the drift estimate of FOG, north-seeking by coarse-alignment is performed in multi positions and the north-seeking results are used to compute the drift of FOG. The laboratory test results prove that the proposed method can not only achieve multi-position north-seeking, but also accurately calibrate the drift of FOG. The comparison with the traditional method highlights the superior performance of the proposed method.     

Analysis of bias thermal stability of interferometer fiber-optic gyroscope using a solid-core polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber

Bias thermal stability of a fiber-optic gyroscope using polarization-maintaining photonic crystal (PM-PCF) was studied. The thermal sensitivity of birefringence in PM-PCF and polarization cross talking in fiber coil was measured. Using an OCDP method, the polarization cross talking causing phase error of the fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG) was analyzed. The contrast experiment result of the FOGs with the PM-PCF coil and PMF coil showed that using PM-PCF instead of PMF can improve the FOG’s bias thermal stability by about 50 %.     

基于Allan方差的光纤陀螺随机漂移建模与仿真

随机漂移是影响光纤陀螺精度的主要因素之一,建立陀螺随机漂移模型以便在滤波时加以修正是提高系统精度的有效方法。针对传统随机漂移模型建模耗时长、过敏感等问题,提出基于Allan方差的光纤陀螺随机漂移模型。通过各噪声项的功率谱密度函数推导出随机微分方程,用Allan方差分析出光纤陀螺各噪声项量化参数,将量化参数代入以单位白噪声驱动的随机微分方程,得到随机漂移模型。实验结果表明,该模型拟合出的随机漂移单项噪声误差不超过8.6％,远低于传统模型产生的单项噪声误差58.3％,是一种有效的光纤陀螺随机漂移建模方法。     

基于温度激励的光纤陀螺光纤环瞬态特性检测

光纤陀螺基于萨尼亚克效应测量垂直于光纤环平面的敏感轴方向上的旋转分量。光纤环是光纤陀螺的核心部件,光纤环的缠绕质量直接影响着光纤陀螺的整体性能,对光纤环的缠绕质量全面检测十分必要。针对目前光纤环检测手段的局限性,提出了一种基于温度激励的光纤陀螺光纤环瞬态特性检测方法,全面表征了光纤环的缠绕质量。建立了光纤环柱面坐标三维计算模型,采用有限元方法定量分析光纤环不对称度和局部温度激励位置精度对光纤环瞬态响应的影响,同时开展了光纤环温度激励相应实验,实验结果与光纤环三维物理模型数值计算结果相一致,在理论和实验上验证了光纤环瞬态特性检测方法的可行性。     

光纤陀螺光纤环的热致非互异性研究

研究了光纤环受温度影响产生非互易相移的机理,根据光纤陀螺在实际应用中的环境温度的干扰,建立了直观合理的光纤环时变温度场分布模型,在此基础上对陀螺的热致非互异噪声进行了定量分析。针对不同绕制结构的光纤环,对其温度漂移进行了数值模拟和比较,提出了减小和补偿光纤环热致非互异噪声的方法及相关技术。