CO_2激光边带光谱仪用于SF_6分子v_3带Q支吸收谱的研究

用绝对频率精度优于1.2MHz的CO_2激光边带光谱仪记录了SF_6分子v_3带Q支的多普勒受限吸收谱,光谱范围在CO_2激光10P(16)支线中心两侧,距支线中心8.0～12.4 GHz。用内插法以<6MHz的均方误差测量了百余条跃迁谱线的频率,并标识出Q_Z、Q_R、Q_X、Q_W、Q_A等亚支的谱线,量子数J从26到83。用最小二乘法拟合实验数据得到了v_3带的部分光谱常数。     

腔外多普勒频率调制激光稳频方法的研究

利用腔外气体吸收池内的SF_6分子饱和吸收线作为参考频率,并通过振动腔外反射镜使进入吸收池的激光的频率受到多普勒调制,实现了对CO_2激光10P(16)和10P(18)支线频率的闭环锁定,最大频率漂移约为7kHz.该法得到的稳频激光输出不仅无寄生频率调制和幅度调制,并且可将激光频率锁定在独立的分子吸收线中心.     

基于量子级联激光的大区域SF6泄露实时检测

采用量子级联激光器的可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术及可移动开放式光路系统在线检测泄露区域的SF_6气体.光路系统位于高压组合电器间隔周围,与传感系统通过非接触组合.中红外激光器的工作温度在10℃且注入电流为680 mA时发射频率范围可覆盖SF_6气体的选择波长.通过对大区域实验舱的内环境进行多次抽取分离,得到二次谐波吸收的精确背景吸收,利用10.55μm的可调谐激光传感系统对泄露扩散平衡后的SF_6气体进行测量,扣减背景吸收后得到泄露SF_6气体的二次谐波吸收光谱.研究结果表明:14.3 m的开放式光路下,气相色谱-热导率检测器溯源校准数据与可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术检测一致性良好,最大偏差为2.26%,二次谐波最大信号幅值与测量浓度具有较高拟合度,拟合系数为0.998,SF_6体积浓度的检测下限为1.8×10~(-6).该研究可为SF_6气体泄露提供一种全新的检测方法,从而实现高压组合电器大区域环境下SF_6气体实时在线监测.     

XeCl激光触发气体开关的实验研究

通过实验研究了在自流工作状态下,XeCl准分子激光(λ=308nm,FWHM=21ns)对N_2和SF_6两种气体开关的触发特性。实验结果表明:(1)在p=0.1MPa,开关工作电压90％V_(SB)(V_(SB)为开关的自击穿电压)时,XeCl激光对N_2和SF_6两种气体开关的触发阈值约为10~8W/cm~2。(2)开关的触发延时和抖动随着激光能量和开关欠压比的增大而减小,当激光能量为33.8mJ,开关工作电压90％V_(SB)(V(SB)=36.5kV)时,充N_2开关的延时和抖动分别为85.5ns和400ps。相同欠压比下,SF_6气体开关(V_(SB)=52kV)的最小抖动度为2ns。(3)SF_6气体开关的触发延时与用T.H.Martin公式计算的结果一致。     

共振简并四波混频光学相位共轭的研究

本文考虑了非线性极化强度对cos(k·r)的依赖关系,对共振增强简并四波混频的半经典处理提出了修正,得到相位共轭反射率满足的Riccatti方程.使用可调谐连续波CO_2激光器和SF_6气体作非线性介质作了实验研究.获得了(0.2～0.8)×10~(-4)的反射率.     

CWCO_2激光辐照下硅的光吸收特性

本文基于半导体材料硅(Si)中电子、空穴的费米统计分布,计算了Si对CO_2 激光的透射率随温度的变化,并用实验理论作了验证.说明在强CO_2激光辐照下,Si对CO_2激光能量有着强烈的吸收,其机理主要是自由载流子吸收.     

声光偏转快调谐脉冲CO_2激光器实验研究

采用双声光调制器光路快速偏转技术与自准直光栅法实现CO_2激光全波段快调谐同光路输出。首先对声光调制器特性进行实验研究,结果显示:声光调制器偏转角度约为4. 4°,与运用布拉格方程计算结果相符;且激光单次通过声光调制器移频量为40. 68 MHz,与声光驱动器射频频率一致,将激光往返多次经声光调制器的移频量叠加。进而,开展基于声光调制器的CO_2激光快调谐实验研究,运用两个对称布置的同驱动频率声光调制器补偿声光移频,实现偏转光路振荡输出,运用光栅法在直线光路中实现激光全波段可调谐输出。最终,在声光调制器时序控制下,实现双波长激光快调谐同光路输出,选定激光波长的切换时间约为1 ms,脉宽小于300 ns,且双波长切换速度不受CO_2激光跃迁谱带的限制。     

PZ等添加剂对氨法脱碳影响的实验研究

本文在湿壁塔实验台上,针对2.67 mol/L氨水溶液分别混入0.1 mol/L的PZ(哌嗪)、AMP(2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇)、AMPD(2-氨基-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇)和THAM(2-氨基-2-羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇)等有机胺添加剂吸收CO_2的过程,进行了20℃下的气液传质和反应动力学实验研究。实验结果表明,混入PZ可以最有效地提高氨水的吸收速率。本文还在20℃下分别进行了2.67 mol/L氨水和0.1 mol/L PZ单独吸收CO_2的吸收速率实验,研究发现,氨水和PZ的混合溶液吸收CO_2的速率强于两者单独吸收的简单加合,二者在吸收过程中相互促进。研究还发现,氨水和PZ混合溶液吸收CO_2的相互促进率最大可达近50%。     

CO2激光偏频锁定技术的研究

本文对于CO_2激光外差接收单元技术之一的CO_2激光偏频锁定技术进行了研究,实现了两个自由振荡的CO_2激光器之间的差频的锁定,当采取一定措施尽量减小环境的影响后,得到了≤1 kHz(τ=10s)的频率跟踪精度,中心频率在2 MHz～20 MHz内连续可调.     

复合胺砜溶液同时吸收并分部解吸CO_2/SO_2/NO_x循环实验研究

在同一系统中联合脱除CO_2/SO_2/NO_x并实现溶液的解吸再生,不仅能够减少气体污染物的排放,而且具有系统简单、经济性高等优点。自行设计了同时吸收一分部解吸CO_2/SO_2/NO_x循环实验系统,以N一甲基二乙醇胺和二甲基亚砜配制成的复合胺砜溶液为吸收剂,在不同解吸温度和解吸气液比条件下,考察了富液中各组分的解吸情况,确定了CO_2和NO的最佳解吸条件。在整体循环实验中,考察了系统的可行性和稳定性,并考察不同浓度溶液的吸收、解吸特性。在整体循环实验中,实现了CO_2、SO_2、NO、NO_2的同时吸收和CO_2、NO的分部解吸,各组分的吸收速率逐渐减小,解吸速率逐渐增加,最终吸收一解吸达到平衡,平衡时吸收、解吸速率与吸收液浓度无关。     

Saturation spectroscopy of CO2 and frequency stabilization of an optical parametric oscillator at 2.77 μm

We report the frequency stabilization of a CW single-frequency, singly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO) to the saturation absorption center of the (12)C(16)O2[10°1,02°1](II)>←00°0 P(14) line at 2.77 μm. The CO2 molecules were excited by the OPO idler wave, and the absorption signal was monitored through the fluorescence at 4.3 μm using a gold-coated longitudinal cell. The idler frequency was stabilized onto the line center by wavelength modulation method. The linewidth of the saturation dip was estimated to be 4.7 MHz, and the achieved frequency stability was 3.9 kHz (3.6×10(-11)).     

非匹配传输线产生宽谱脉冲实验研究

介绍了基于短路开关-锐化开关组合的非匹配传输线的工作原理,通过数值模拟分析了开关的导通时间、导通延时以及形成线的长度对输出宽谱振荡脉冲的影响。设计了非匹配传输线的实验装置并在500kV Marx发生器上开展了实验研究。在短路开关间距为4mm、腔体内充入SF6气体的压力为1.15MPa,锐化开关间距为2.5mm、腔体内SF6气体的压力为1.0MPa的条件下,在50Ω传输线上测得的峰值功率为3.3GW,振荡脉冲的中心频率为169MHz,百分比带宽为22.9%。     

High-resolution spectroscopy with and frequency stabilization of a cw dye laser

The hyperfine splittings of the Na D₁ and D₂ lines were investigated using a single mode cw dye laser. The light of the laser was scattered by the atoms of an atomic beam and the fluorescent light was observed as the frequency of the laser was tuned across the D lines. The Doppler width of the atomic beam was reduced to about 2.5 MHz so that the absorption width of the atoms of the beam was essentially determined by the natural width of the 3²P_1/2 and 3²P_3/2 levels, which is about 10 MHz. Since the linewidth observed for the hyperfine transitions was 30 MHz, most of the hyperfine components of the D₁ and D₂ lines could be resolved. In another experiment the frequency of the dye laser was locked to a hyperfine transition of the D₁ line. The observed variation of the output frequency of the dye laser was less than ±1.5 MHz. In addition, the intensity of the dye laser was controlled to about 10⁻³, using an electro-optically variable transmission filter.     

1.65μm附近CH_4分子高分辨率吸收光谱研究

采用连续可调谐二极管半导体激光器为探测光源,以可调怀特型长光程多通池(46.36～1158.90m)作为吸收池,采用直接吸收的方法,探测了室温下1.65μm附近CH4分子的高分辨率吸收光谱。在6043.00～6053.72cm-1范围内探测了5组不同压力和光程下的吸收光谱,观测到了259条线新的CH4分子吸收谱线,实验数据用Gaussian线型进行拟合,得到了这些吸收谱线的线强、线位置以及线强的标准偏差值,并对光谱中难以分辨的吸收谱线进行了分析。探测得到的最小谱线线强是4.3×10-27cm-1·(molcule·cm-2)-1,吸收谱线线强大于3.0×10-24cm-1·(mol·cm-2)-1由于吸收饱和而未被处理,同时所测得的光谱也显示出CH4分子在1.65μm附近有非常丰富的弱吸收谱线和复杂的结构。文中所报道的吸收谱线都是HITRAN2004数据库中所未报道的,而且也未见有其他文献报道过。     

Absolute frequency measurement of a SF6 two-photon line by use of a femtosecond optical comb and sum-frequency generation

We demonstrate a new, simple technique for measuring IR frequencies near 30 THz by using a femtosecond (fs) laser optical comb and sum-frequency generation. The optical frequency is directly compared with the distance between two modes of the fs laser, and the resultant beat note is used to control this distance, which depends only on the repetition rate of the fs laser. The absolute frequency of a CO2 laser stabilized onto a SF6 two-photon line has been measured for the first time to the authors' knowledge. This line is an attractive alternative to the usual saturated absorption OsO4 resonances used for the stabilization of CO2 lasers. First results demonstrate a fractional Allan deviation of 3 x 10(-14) at 1 s.     

Absolute frequency measurements of the 2-0 band of CO at 2.3 μm; Calibration standard frequencies from high resolution color center laser spectroscopy

The absolute frequencies of 20 lines of the 2-0 band of CO near 4260 cm^?1 have been measured by heterodyne frequency measurement techniques. Eleven of the lines were measured by saturated absorption techniques which produced linewidths of about 3 MHz. New rovibrational constants have been fitted to these measurements. A table of calculated transition frequencies is given with estimated absolute uncertainties as small as 0.0000023 cm^?1 (70 kHz) near the band center. The pressure shifts of three lines have been measured and fall in the range from ?0.9 to ?3 kHz/Pa (?122 to ?400 kHz/Torr). It is suggested that the generally accepted frequencies of the 1-0 band of CO should be lowered by 7 MHz.     

Saturated-absorption spectroscopy: eliminating crossover resonances by use of copropagating beams

We demonstrate a new technique for saturated-absorption spectroscopy by use of copropagating beams that does not have the problem of crossover resonances. The pump beam is locked to a transition, and its absorption signal is monitored while the probe beam is scanned. As the probe comes into resonance with another transition, the pump absorption is reduced and the signal shows a Doppler-free dip. We use this technique to measure hyperfine intervals in the D2 line of 85Rb with a precision of 70 kHz and to resolve hyperfine levels in the D2 line of 39K that are less than 10 MHz apart.     

Frequency stabilization of CO laser using RF optogalvanic Lamb-dip

The Lamb dip of CO rovibrational transition is detected by a room temperature extracavity RF optogalvanic cell and employed to stabilize the frequency of a CO laser. The S/N ratio of optogalvanic signal is about 2000  at optical power < 1 W. The relative depth of Lamb dip is 2.3%. The S/N ratios of first and third harmonic demodulated saturation signals are about 40  and 10  , respectively. The CO laser is stabilized using the first harmonic demodulated signal, and the frequency stability is better than 300 kHz. Concurrently, the influences of operational parameters, which include the coil current, partial pressures of gas mixture, are investigated. A simple model for the influence of coil current is presented, and further improvements are addressed as well.     

Doppler-free saturated-absorption spectroscopy of CO2 at 4.3 microm by means of a distributed feedback quantum cascade laser

We report the application of a cw distributed feedback quantum cascade laser to Lamb-dip spectroscopy of CO2 at 4.3 microm. With the laser operating in the free-running mode, we observed the sub-Doppler profile of the P(28) line of the (0,1(1),0)->(0,1(1),1) hot band by implementing a pump-probe scheme and using wavelength modulation spectroscopy for highly sensitive detection of saturated absorption signals. We investigated the main limitations to the observation of a narrow resonance, with particular attention to the effect of the laser current noise. We determined the intrinsic laser emission width, which was found to be approximately 3.4 MHz (FWHM) for an observation time of approximately 200 ms.