Modifying Cellulose with the Emulsion of the Triazine Derivative Containing the Tertiary Amino Group to Improve the Reactivity with Reactive Dyes

Chemical modification of cellulose fabric with the emulsion of the triazine derivative containing the tertiary and quaternary amino groups was investigated. Chemical modified cellulose fabric could catalyze itself with reactive dyes containing chorotriazine group. Compared with unmodified cellulose, the modified cellulose could be dyed with reactive dyes under neutral or weakly acidic condition without the addition of salt. The color yield was higher than that of the unmodified cellulose, despite of the addition of large amounts of salt and alkali in the latter case and the modified cellulose got better wash fastness.     

1-Arylethylamino-substituted s-triazine derivatives as chiral solvating agents for the determination of the enantiomeric composition of chiral compounds

The development of 2-[(R)-1-(9-anthryl)ethylamino]-4-chloro-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[(R)-1-(9-anthryl)ethylamino]-4-chloro-6-[(R)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino]-1,3,5-triazine and 2-[(R)-1-(9-anthryl)ethylamino]-4,6-bis-[(R)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino]-1,3,5-triazine as chiral solvating agents (CSAs) for the determination of the enantiomeric composition of derivatized and underivatized chiral compounds is presented. The comparison between the efficiency of these chiral auxiliaries with the corresponding 1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino substituted s-triazine derivatives is also discussed.     

A versatile thiouronium-based solid-phase synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines

A thiouronium-based solid-phase synthesis of a 1,3,5-triazine scaffold has been developed. The key feature of the synthesis is the use of a readily accessible solid-supported thiouronium salt as a primary precursor for the stepwise assembly of the 1,3,5-triazine substrate. The sulfur linker employed in the synthesis is stable under both acidic and basic conditions and is versatile enough to provide access to monocyclic, bicyclic, and spirocyclic compounds with the 1,3,5-triazine scaffold. By using this synthetic strategy, a representative set of 79 compounds containing the 1,3,5-triazine scaffold were prepared.     

Synthesis and structure of 6-azido-2,4-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethylamino)-1,3,5-triazine and its <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-nitro derivatives

Methods were developed for the synthesis of 6-azido-2,4-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethylamino)- 1,3,5-triazine and its N-nitro derivatives (6-azido-2,4-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)nitramino-1,3,5-triazine and 6-azido-2-(2,2,2-trinitroethylamino)-4-(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)nitramino-1,3,5-triazine) containing combinations of azido, trinitroethyl, and nitramine groups. These compounds are of interest as components of energetic composites. The molecular and crystal structures of 6-azido-2,4-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethylamino)-1,3,5-triazine and 6-azido-2,4-bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl) nitramino-1,3,5-triazine were studied by X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy.     

新型含异恶唑环的1,3,5-三嗪类衍生物的合成及其抗真菌活性

以三聚氯氰为原料,依次与取代胺和恶霉灵经逐级取代反应合成了17个新型的含异恶唑环的1,3,5-三嗪类衍生物（3a~3q）,其结构经¹H NMR和ESI-MS表征。抗真菌活性测试结果表明：在用药量为300 μg·mL^-1时,2-(5-甲基异恶唑基-3)-氧基-4-(邻氯苯胺基)-6-氯-1,3,5-三嗪（3l ）对禾谷镰刀病菌的抑制率为65%。     

Synthesis of a water-soluble macromolecular light stabilizer containing hindered amine structures

A novel water-soluble macromolecular light stabilizer was synthesized by grafting 2-chloro-4,6-bis- [(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)amino]-l,3,5-triazine onto polyvinylamine.The intermediate 2- chloro-4,6-bis-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)arnino]-1,3,5-triazine and the obtained macromolecular light stabilizer were characterized by ~1H NMR,HRMS,IR and UV spectroscopy.Cotton fabrics dyed with C.l.Reactive Yellow 145,C.I.Reactive Red 195 and C.I.Reactive Blue 19 were finished with the macromolecular light stabilizer,and the lightfastness of the dyes was tested.The results showed that the lightfastness of the reactive dyes was improved by 0.5-1.0 grade after being finished and the macromolecular light stabilizer exhibited good wash fastness and thermal stability.     

Enhanced removal of acid red 1 with large amounts of dyeing auxiliaries: the pivotal role of cellulose support

As an almost inexhaustible material with unique and outstanding properties, cellulose presents promising potential in the practical issues. In this study, the cellulose fibers-supported cobalt tetra(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine)aminophthalocyanine(denoted as Co-TDTAPc-F) catalyst and H₂O₂ system was introduced for removing organic dyes from aqueous solution with large amounts of dyeing auxiliaries. The model dye (acid red 1, AR1) in a relatively low concentration was removed efficiently with a hydroxyl radical (·OH)-involved mechanism. Due to the inherently excellent performance of cellulose fibers (CFs) such as the controllable surface potential and unique swelling ability in aqueous solution, the catalytic oxidation of AR1 was evidently enhanced in the presence of typical dyeing additives (NaCl and urea). Furthermore, CFs have significantly reduced the alcohol inhibition in traditional ·OH-involved reactions by forming hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl group-containing compounds, just like isopropanol. Consequently, such innately wonderful properties of cellulose carriers allowed Co-TDTAPc-F to be a promising catalyst for removing highly hazardous target pollutants in actual wastewater with large amounts of organic and inorganic compounds. The finding serves as an example of well used excellent performance of cellulose support for better reactions, further leading to a comprehensive understanding and application of cellulose.     

Homogeneous modification of carbon nanotubes with cellulose acetate

An efficient strategy that comprised shorten,chain extension,active groups introducing and homogeneous reaction tactics,was adopted to modify multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) with cellulose acetate(CA).Specially,by utilizing 2,4,6-trichloro- 1,3,5-triazine,a reactive intermediate of the MWNTs(MWNT-triazine) was obtained.Suitable solubility of the MWNT-triazine helps make the homogeneous modification become reality.Detailed characterizations further verified that reaction between chloride atoms in the ...     

Preparation and application of a β-cyclodextrin-disperse/reactive dye complex

A disperse and a disperse/reactive azo-dyes were prepared and characterised with spectroscopic methods. The complexes with β-cyclodextrin were prepared by a dry milling method. The characterisation of the complexes in solid state was performed by ¹³C CP MAS NMR, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopies and TGA–DTA analysis. The presence of the complexes in solution was evidenced with ESI-MS experiments. The products were used to dye synthetic (nylon, PET), natural (cotton) and cotton-PET blend fibres. Colour intensity and uniformity were evaluated by means of tristimulous colorimetry. β-Cyclodextrin, used as additive in dyeing baths, enhanced the colour intensity and uniformity of dyed samples. The complexes gave rise to a generalised good result. The disperse/reactive dye showed better fastness to washing properties on nylon 6 and cotton fibres. β-Cyclodextrin easily substituted the surface active agents, normally used in industrially dyeing processes, without loss in dyeing quality as dyeing uniformity, intensity and washing fastness.     

Chemical cationization of cotton fabric for improved dye uptake

Cotton fabric is usually dyed with reactive dyes. During the dyeing process, a large amount of salt is required to achieve higher exhaustion of the dye from the dyebath onto the fiber. Dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes has a substantial environmental impact due to the discharge of a large volume of highly colored and saline effluents. Chemical cationization allows cotton fibers to be dyed without salt by chemically modifying cellulosic macromolecules to introduce positively charged sites. In this study, cotton fabric was cationized using (3-chloro-2-hydroxylpropyl) trimethyl-ammonium chloride (CHPTAC). Dye uptake was assessed using two reactive dyes, CI Reactive Blue 235 and CI Reactive Blue 19. Dye exhaustion kinetics were determined using a Datacolor-HueMetrix Monitor system. Analysis of variance demonstrated significant effects of CHPTAC concentration and exhaustion time on the percent exhaustion. Color strength at the end of the dyeing cycle was significantly higher for cationized fabrics compared to the control fabric. This work shows that treatment of cotton with CHPTAC enhanced dye uptake properties due to the introduction of cationic sites and resulted in superior dyeing without the addition of salt.     

Synthesis and antitumor activity of benzimidazolyl-1,3,5-triazine and benzimidazolylpyrimidine derivatives

Triamino-substituted 1,3,5-triazine and pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and tested for antitumor activities using some human cancer cell lines and murine leukemia cell lines. All the compounds having benzimidazolyl and morpholino groups as substituents on the 1,3,5-triazine ring showed antitumor activity. Pyrimidine derivatives having the same groups as substituents also showed antitumor activity. Among them, the compounds having 1-benzimidazolyl, morpholino and cis-2,3-dimethylmorpholino groups as substituents on the 1,3,5-triazine ring or pyrimidine ring exhibited the most potent antitumor activity, and these compounds exhibited no or very weak aromatase inhibitory activity. In contrast, the compounds having imidazolyl group instead of benzimidazolyl group as a substituent on the 1,3,5-triazine ring showed a potent aromatase inhibitory activity.     

Trisubstituted 1,3,5-Triazines. 5. Reaction of 2,4,6-Tris[di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)nitromethyl]-1,3,5-triazine with Nucleophiles

The reaction of 2,4,6-tris[di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)nitromethyl]-1,3,5-triazine with ammonia, amines, and hydrazine has been studied. It was possible to substitute one of the di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)nitromethyl groups in this compound in the presence of ammonia, primary aliphatic amines, dimethylamine, and morpholine. The reaction with hydrazine leads to both mono- and disubstituted products. A double dealkoxylation occurs in the presence of diethylamine to give the bis(dimethylammonium) salt of 2,4-bis(tert-butoxycarbonylnitromethyl)-6-[di(tert-butoxycarbonyl)nitromethyl]-1,3,5-triazine.     

Condensed Tetrazolo-1,3,5-triazines. 1. Synthesis of 5-Polynitromethyltetrazolo[1,5-<Emphasis Type="Italic">a</Emphasis>]-1,3,5-triazin-7-one Salts

The aziridation of 2-R-4,6-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,3,5-triazines containing electron-donor substituents has been studied. It was found that the corresponding 4-azido-2-dialkylamino-6-trinitromethyl-1,3,5-triazines are formed when R = NMe₂, NEt₂. When R = O^–NMe₄ ⁺ a novel reaction route was discovered leading to the tetramethylammonium salt of 5-polynitromethyltetrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazin-7-one which is formed as a result of azido-tetrazole and lactim-lactam tautomeric conversion. Denitration of this salt at the trinitromethyl group occurs with retention of the tetrazolo-1,3,5-triazine structure. An X-ray analysis was carried out for the denitration product which was the dipotassium salt of 5-dinitromethyltetrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazin-7-one.__________Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 259–266, February, 2005.     

Acylhydroperoxide oxidations of the anticancer agent hexamethylmelamine

The clinically effective anticancer agent hexamethylmelamine undergoes an unusual acylhydroperoxide oxidative transformation to give the novel product 2,4-bis(dimethylamino)-6-[(dimethylamino)oxy]-1,3,5-triazine.     

Use of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection for complete separation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolites and EPA Method 8330 explosives: influence of temperature and an ion-pair reagent

Explosives such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) are widely distributed environmental contaminants. Complete chromatographic separation is necessary in order to accurately determine and quantify explosives and their degradation products in environmental samples and in (bio)transformation studies. The present study describes a RP-HPLC method with diode array detection using a LC-8 guard column, a Supelcosil LC-8 chromatographic column, and a gradient elution system. This gradient method is capable of baseline separating the most commonly observed explosives and TNT transformation metabolites including 2,4,6-triaminotoluene (TAT) in a single run. The TNT metabolites separated were 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2,4-dihydroxylamino-6-nitrotoluene, 4,4',6,6'-tetranitro-2,2'-azoxytoluene, 2,2',6,6'-tetranitro-4,4'-azoxytoluene, 4,4',6,6'-tetranitro-2,2'-azotoluene, 2,2',6,6'-tetranitro-4,4'-azotoluene, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, 4-amino-2, 6-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene, 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene, and TAT. The same gradient method at a different column temperature can also be used to baseline separate the explosives targeted in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8330 with approximately 22% reduction in total run time and 48% decrease in solvent consumption compared to previously published methods. Good separation was also obtained when all TNT metabolites and EPA Method 8330 compounds (a total of 23 compounds) were analyzed together; only 2,6-DANT and HMX co-eluted in this case. The influence of temperature (35-55 degrees C) and the use of an ion-pair reagent on the chromatographic resolution and retention were investigated. Temperature was identified as the key parameter for optimal baseline separation. Increased temperature resulted in shorter retention times and better peak resolution especially for the aminoaromatics investigated. The use of an ion-pair reagent (octanesulfonic acid) generally resulted in longer retention times for compounds containing amine functional groups, more baseline noise, and decreased peak resolution.     

染整处理对棉纺织品农药残留量影响的研究

以3种含氯有机农药(碳氯灵、十氯酮、乙滴涕)为例,讨论了退浆、煮练、双氧水漂白、活性染料染色、阻燃后整理5种常见的染整技术对棉纺织品中农药残留量的影响。实验结果表明退浆、煮练、双氧水漂白、活性染料染色、阻燃后整理都能将纺织品中的碳氯灵和十氯酮残留完全除去,并能除去82.0%~95.0%的乙滴涕。除去效果由好到差依次为退浆工艺、煮练工艺、阻燃后整理工艺、染色工艺、氧漂工艺。     

Synthesis and photophysical properties of hyperbranched polyfluorenes containing 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine as the core

A series of new hyperbranched polymers containing a 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine core unit and polyfluorene chain arms have been synthesized via Suzuki coupling, and characterized by NMR, IR and GPC. All the polymers exhibit good thermal stability with a high decomposition temperature. By changing the 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine/fluorene ratio the UV-vis absorption and emission spectra can be partially tuned. It has been found that the polymers containing a low ratio of 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine units (P1-P3) have an absorption maximum around 385 nm, localized in the polyfluorene chain, and a shoulder around 425 nm ascribable to a charge transfer state involving the fluorene and the 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine core. Increasing the molar ratio of the 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine unit enhances the charge transfer band which becomes dominant for P4. The LUMO level of these polymers is relatively low due to the electron affinity of the triazine group. The polymers show dual emission, with a structured band in the blue (410-440 nm), attributed to the polyfluorene, and a broad band in the red (470-500 nm) associated with the charge transfer state. All the polymers exhibit two-photon absorption activity in the range of 660 to 900 nm with the maximum two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section red-shifted from the corresponding linear absorption. The values of the TPA cross-sections vary from 1000 to 5000 GM, following the 2,4,6-tris(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine/fluorene ratio.     

Synthesis,polarography and herbicidal activity of quaternary salts of 2-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazines, 5-(4-pyridyl)pyrimidine, 2-(4-pyridyl)pyrimidine and related compounds

2-(4-Pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4-pyridyl)-4-methyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(4-pyridyl)-4,6-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazine and 2-(4-pyridyl)pyrimidine have been prepared by modification of established triazine and pyrimidine syntheses. These compounds and some of their relatives have been converted to quaternary pyridinium salts. The polarographic reduction potentials of the salts in aqueous solution are pH dependent. The activity of the salts as post-emergent herbicides is reported.     

Synthesis,Properties, and Application of Cationic Reactive Disperse Dyes Containing Quaternary Group

A series of cationic reactive disperse dyes containing quaternary group were synthesized. The dyeing behavior of these dyes on wool was studied. The results show that cationic reactive disperse dyes containing quaternary group is available to form covalent bond with nucleophiles in the wool even under acidic condition. The fastness on wool was excellent.     

Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Triaryl Cyanurates

Rapid synthesis of triarylcyanurates (2,4,6-triaryloxy-1,3,5-triazine) was carried out by reacting cyanuric chloride with the sodium salt of hydroxyaryl compounds in water using focused microwaves. Environmentally friendly procedure and isolation of pure products in excellent yields are important features of this method.