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1.
We consider the class ? of finitely generated toral relatively hyperbolic groups. We show that groups from ? are commutative transitive and generalize a theorem proved by Benjamin Baumslag in [3] to this class. We also discuss two definitions of (fully) residually-𝒞 groups, i.e., the classical Definition 1.1 and a modified Definition 1.4. Building upon results obtained by Ol'shanskii [18] and Osin [22], we prove the equivalence of the two definitions for 𝒞 = ?. This is a generalization of the similar result obtained by Ol'shanskii for 𝒞 being the class of torsion-free hyperbolic groups. Let Γ ∈ ? be non-abelian and non-elementary. Kharlampovich and Miasnikov proved in [14] that a finitely generated fully residually-Γ group G embeds into an iterated extension of centralizers of Γ. We deduce from their theorem that every finitely generated fully residually-Γ group embeds into a group from ?. On the other hand, we give an example of a finitely generated torsion-free fully residually-? group that does not embed into a group from ?; ? is the class of hyperbolic groups. 相似文献
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In this article, we derive error estimates for the Galerkin approximation of a general linear second order hyperbolic equation. The results can be applied to a variety of cases, for example, vibrating systems of linked elastic bodies. The results generalize the work of Baker [1] and also allow for viscous type damping. Splitting the proofs for the semi-discrete and fully discrete cases not only simplifies the proofs but less restrictive regularity assumptions are required. 相似文献
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Matthew Hernandez 《偏微分方程通讯》2015,40(3):387-437
We construct and justify leading order weakly nonlinear geometric optics expansions for nonlinear hyperbolic initial value problems, including the compressible Euler equations. The technique of simultaneous Picard iteration is employed to show approximate solutions tend to the exact solutions in the small wavelength limit. Recent work [2] by Coulombel et al. studied the case of reflecting wave trains whose expansions involve only real phases. We treat generic boundary frequencies by incorporating into our expansions both real and nonreal phases. Nonreal phases introduce difficulties such as approximately solving complex transport equations and result in the addition of boundary layers with exponential decay. This also prevents us from doing an error analysis based on almost periodic profiles as in [2]. 相似文献
6.
We consider three infinite families of cyclic presentations of groups, depending on a finite set of integers and having the same polynomial. Then we prove that the corresponding groups with the same parameters are isomorphic, and that the groups are almost all infinite. Finally, we completely compute the maximal Abelian quotients of such groups, and show that their HNN extensions are high-dimensional knot groups. Our results contain as particular cases the main theorems obtained in two nice articles: Johnson et al. (1999) and Havas et al. (2001). 相似文献
7.
We show that the symplectic groups PSp6(q) are Hurwitz for all q = p m ≥ 5, with p an odd prime. The result cannot be improved since, for q even and q = 3, it is known that PSp6(q) is not Hurwitz. In particular, n = 6 turns out to be the smallest degree for which a family of classical simple groups of degree n, over 𝔽 p m , contains Hurwitz groups for infinitely many values of m. This fact, for a given (possibly large) p, also follows from [9] and [10]. 相似文献
8.
Qingjie Cao Sergey Piskarev Stefan Siegmund 《Numerical Functional Analysis & Optimization》2013,34(10):1287-1307
This article is devoted to the numerical analysis of the abstract semilinear parabolic problem u′(t) = Au(t) + f(u(t)), u(0) = u 0, in a Banach space E. We are developing a general approach to establish a discrete dichotomy in a very general setting and prove shadowing theorems that compare solutions of the continuous problem with those of discrete approximations in space and time. In [3] the discretization in space was constructed under the assumption of compactness of the resolvent. It is a well-known fact (see [10, 11]) that the phase space in the neighborhood of the hyperbolic equilibrium can be split in a such way that the original initial value problem is reduced to initial value problems with exponential bounded solutions on the corresponding subspaces. We show that such a decomposition of the flow persists under rather general approximation schemes, utilizing a uniform condensing property. The main assumption of our results are naturally satisfied, in particular, for operators with compact resolvents and condensing semigroups and can be verified for finite elements as well as finite differences methods. 相似文献
9.
Yunchuan Yin 《代数通讯》2013,41(2):547-565
ABSTRACT The “W-graph” concept was introduced by Kazhdan and Lusztig in their influential article Kazhdan and Lusztig (1979). If W is a Coxeter group, then a W-graph provides a method for constructing a matrix representation of the Hecke algebra ? associated with W (the degree of the representation being the number of vertices of the W-graph). The aim of this note is to explicitly construct all the irreducible representations of ? when W is of type D 4 and D 5. 相似文献
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S. K. Pattanayak 《代数通讯》2013,41(9):3811-3822
For any simple, simply connected algebraic group G of exceptional types (E 6, E 7, E 8, F 4, and G 2) and for any maximal parabolic subgroup P of G, we describe all minimal (with respect to inclusion) Schubert varieties in G/P admitting semistable points for the action of a maximal torus T with respect to an ample line bundle on G/P. This completes the answer to a question proposed in [8] and settled there in the classical case. 相似文献
11.
The article considers linear elliptic equations with regular Borel measures as inhomogeneity. Such equations frequently appear in state-constrained optimal control problems. By a counter example of Serrin [18], it is known that, in the presence of non-smooth data, a standard weak formulation does not ensure uniqueness for such equations. Therefore several notions of solution have been developed that guarantee uniqueness. In this note, we compare different definitions of solutions, namely the ones of Stampacchia [19] and Boccardo-Galouët [4] and the two notions of solutions of [2, 7], and show that they are equivalent. As side results, we reformulate the solution in the sense of [19], and prove the existence of solutions in the sense of [2, 4, 7] in case of mixed boundary conditions. 相似文献
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Vyacheslav Futorny 《代数通讯》2013,41(8):3381-3385
In this note we extend the results of Bekkert and Futorny in [2] and Hemmer, Kujawa and Nakano in [10] and determine the derived representation type of Schur superalgebras. 相似文献
13.
Thomas Cassidy 《代数通讯》2013,41(9):3742-3752
Vatne [13] and Green and Marcos [9] have independently studied the Koszul-like homological properties of graded algebras that have defining relations in degree 2 and exactly one other degree. We contrast these two approaches, answer two questions posed by Green and Marcos, and find conditions that imply the corresponding Yoneda algebras are generated in the lowest possible degrees. 相似文献
14.
A new family of non-degenerate involutive set-theoretic solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation is constructed. Two subfamilies, consisting of irretractable square-free solutions, are new counterexamples to Gateva-Ivanova’s Strong Conjecture [7]. They are in addition to those obtained by Vendramin [15] and [1]. 相似文献
15.
Anders O. F. Hendrickson 《代数通讯》2013,41(12):4420-4438
Diaconis and Isaacs have defined the supercharacter theories of a finite group to be certain approximations to the ordinary character theory of the group [7]. We make explicit the connection between supercharacter theories and Schur rings, and we provide supercharacter theory constructions which correspond to Schur ring products of Leung and Man [12], Hirasaka and Muzychuk [10], and Tamaschke [20]. 相似文献
16.
Fabrizio Zanello 《代数通讯》2013,41(4):1087-1091
The purpose of this note is to supply an upper and a lower bound (which are in general sharp) for the h-vector of a level algebra which is relatively compressed with respect to any arbitrary level algebra A. The useful concept of relatively compressed algebra was recently introduced in Migliore et al. (2005) (whose investigations mainly focused on the particular case of A a complete intersection). The key idea of this note is the simple observation that the level algebras which are relatively compressed with respect to A coincide (after an obvious isomorphism) with the generic level quotients of suitable truncations of A. Therefore, we are able to apply to relatively compressed algebras the main result of our recent work, Zanello (2007). 相似文献
17.
In this paper, based on the results in [8] we give a monomial basis for q-Schur superalgebra and then a presentation for it. The presentation is different from that in [12]. Imitating [3] and [7], we define the infinitesimal and the little q-Schur superalgebras. We give a “weight idempotent presentation” for infinitesimal q-Schur superalgebras. The BLM bases and monomial bases of little q-Schur superalgebras are obtained, and dimension formulas of infinitesimal and little q-Schur superalgebras are deduced. 相似文献
18.
Morton E. Harris 《代数通讯》2013,41(8):3668-3671
At some point, after publication, the author realized that the proof of [3, Theorem 5.2] is incorrect. This proof incorrectly adapts the proof of [1, Theorem 4.8] since [3, (5.5)] is incorrect. Using the same proof outline, we correct the proof of [3, Theorem 5.2]. 相似文献
19.
This article is a sequel of [4], where we defined supervaluations on a commutative semiring R and studied a dominance relation ? ≥ ψ between supervaluations ? and ψ on R, aiming at an enrichment of the algebraic tool box for use in tropical geometry. A supervaluation ?: R → U is a multiplicative map from R to a supertropical semiring U, cf. [4], [7], [8], [5], [9], with further properties, which mean that ? is a sort of refinement, or covering, of an m-valuation (= monoid valuation) v: R → M. In the most important case, that R is a ring, m-valuations constitute a mild generalization of valuations in the sense of Bourbaki [1], while ? ≥ ψ means that ψ: R → V is a sort of coarsening of the supervaluation ?. If ?(R) generates the semiring U, then ? ≥ ψ iff there exists a “transmission” α: U → V with ψ = α ○ ?. Transmissions are multiplicative maps with further properties, cf. [4, Section 5]. Every semiring homomorphism α: U → V is a transmission, but there are others which lack additivity, and this causes a major difficulty. In the main body of the article we study surjective transmissions via equivalence relations on supertropical semirings. We put special emphasis on homomorphic equivalence relations. Even those are often much more complicated than congruences by ideals in usual commutative algebra. 相似文献
20.
In this article, we provide a semilocal analysis for the Steffensen-type method (STTM) for solving nonlinear equations in a Banach space setting using recurrence relations. Numerical examples to validate our main results are also provided in this study to show that STTM is faster than other methods ([7, 13]) using similar convergence conditions. 相似文献