阴离子交换树脂交换吸附盐酸溶液中Fe^3＋和Zn^2＋离子

测定了强碱性阴离子交换树脂201×7和弱碱性阴离子交换树脂D301从6NHCl溶液中交换吸附Fe~(3+)和Zn~(2+)的平衡交换容量和体积分配系数。当树脂床高1.0到1.4米、6NHCl溶液中Fe~(3+)～600毫克/升,Zn~(+2)～150毫克/升,流速为～3.3米/时时,强碱201×7对Fe~(3+)的工作容量约为21克/升。在用水再生强碱201×7时,Fe~(3+)的淋洗曲线峰比Zn~(2+)峰出现得早,且峰宽较窄。     

金属分离柱的制备及应用

离子色谱是一种新的液相色谱分离技术~([1]).用于重金属离子分析离子色谱,特别是阳离子色谱柱国内一直未见这方面的研究报道,所使用的产品大多为国外进口.本研究自制了一种强酸型阳离子色谱柱,研究了其分离测试Fe~(3+)、Zn~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Mn~(2+)6种共存离子的色谱条件;采用CIC-300型离子色谱仪的紫外-可见光光度检测器柱后PAR衍生对上述6种离子的分离条件进行了研究.本方法具有简便、快速、准确、选择性好的特点.     

CPP杨梅型树脂的交换性能

本文研究了Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Hg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Pb~(2+),Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)等二价金属离子在CPP杨梅型树脂上的交换过程。CPP—Na/Me~(2+)的交换容量一般在3meq/g-R以上;动态交换20分钟以后,除Hg~(2+)离子外,可达2.3—3.2meq/g—R。(CPP)_2—Me的稳定性顺序测得为:Cu~(2+)>Zn~(2+)>Co~(2+)>Ni~(2+)>Cd~(2+)>Hg~(2+)>Mg~(2+)>Ca~(2+)。在不同pH溶液中,二价全属离子在溶液相和树脂相之间的分配系数表明,pH<2.5时(CPP)_2—Me容易被酸再生,并且当两种或两种以上的金属离子在给定的pH溶液中分配系数差足够大时,有希望获得淋洗分离。     

Fe(C_5H_4-CH_2-Trp-OMe)_2的合成、晶体结构及金属离子识别性能

以优化的两步一锅反应法合成了生物金属有机化合物Fe(C_5H_4-CH_2-Trp-OMe)2(Fc L),通过NMR、HRMS及IR等对其结构进行了表征,利用X射线单晶衍射测定了分子结构。循环伏安法研究表明Fc L在0.00~0.90 V电位范围内,给出一稳定的、形态良好的氧化还原峰,这归于化合物中Fc/Fc+电对的氧化还原过程。电化学金属离子识别研究显示FcL在过渡金属离子Zn~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的存在下,导致了配体Fc/Fc+式量电位的显著阳极移动,其ΔE0′对Zn~(2+)和Cu~(2+)分别为342和335 m V,表明了Fc L对Zn~(2+)和Cu~(2+)具有良好的识别能力。     

交流示波极谱滴定的研究——二乙撑三胺五甲叉膦酸螯合滴定锌

本文计算了Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Mn~(2+)、及Fe~(2+)、与DETPMP螯合物的表观稳定常数。提出TVPH9的0.05mol/L NH_3~*H_2O-0.10mol/L NH_4CI的缓冲溶液中,用DETPMP螯合滴定锌。该法准确、简便、终点清晰、直观。超过允许量的A1~(3+)、、Cu~(2+)、分别用氟化钠和铜试剂掩蔽。铅锌矿中含量较高的Pb~(2+)、、Fe~(3+)、借共沉淀分离。方法已用于测定一些铅锌矿、锌合金中的锌,结果令人满意。     

应用二苯卡巴腙和EDTA测定铜

二苯卡巴腙可以用作Cu~(2+)等金属离子的络合滴定指示剂,而且它与铜形成的螯合物沉淀,具有不溶于水、生成快速和容易过滤等特点。此沉淀又易溶于强酸的丙酮溶液,调节pH后可直接进行络合滴定。二苯卡巴腙是一通用试剂,作者等曾通过试验证明,它与Cu~(2+)、Cu~+、Fe~(8+)、Fe~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Hg~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Mn~(2+)、Bi~(3+)、Mo(Ⅵ)、Pb~(2+)、Pd~(2+)、V(V)、Sn~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Ag~+等金属离子皆有不同程度的显色反应,而与另一些离子如Al~(8+)、Cr~(3+)、U(Ⅵ)、U(Ⅳ)、     

聚乙烯亚胺印迹树脂对水中Cu2+的吸附研究

研究利用离子印迹技术,以离子交换树脂为支撑体,Cu~(2+)为模版离子,聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为改性剂,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,成功制得Cu~(2+)印迹树脂,并应用于水中Cu~(2+)的吸附。在吸附溶液pH值为5.5,温度为25℃时,印迹树脂对Cu~(2+)的吸附量达85.7mg·g~(-1),表现出对Cu~(2+)较好的吸附性能。印迹树脂对Cu~(2+)的吸附符合Lagergren准2级动力模型和Langmuir吸附等温模型,说明吸附主要以化学吸附为主,且吸附过程仅发生在表层,为单分子层吸附行为。当Cu~(2+)分别与Zn~(2+)、Pb~(2+)和Cd~(2+)共存时,印迹树脂能够选择性吸附Cu~(2+),其中吸附80min后Cu/Zn高达2.31。对印迹树脂经过4次洗脱后吸附容量不再降低,表明其良好的化学稳定性和吸附性。     

丙醇-溴化十六烷基三甲胺-硫酸按-水体系萃取分离汞(Ⅱ)

研究了丙醇-溴化十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)-(NH_4)_2SO_4-水体系萃取分离汞的行为及与常见离子分离条件.试验表明:调节pH1.0或3.0,能使Hg(Ⅱ)从Fe~(3+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Al~(3+)等离子混合液中分离出来.     

铜合金中微量镁的测定——偶氮氯膦Ⅰ直接光度法

铜合金中微量镁的光度法测定,以二甲苯胺蓝、铬变酸2R或偶氮氯膦Ⅰ为显色剂时均需用铜试剂分离除去Cu~(2+)、Sn~(4+)、Zn~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Al~(3+)、Mn~(2+)、Sb~(3+)、Bi~(3+)等干扰离子,因而费时。本文在前人工作的基础上试验了不分离干扰离子的直接光度法的条件。表明:采用三乙醇胺-丙酮氰醇-EGTA-铅联合掩蔽干扰离子,在pH9.7—10.2的条件下,用偶氮氯膦Ⅰ作显色剂,可获得满意的结果。络合物的最大吸收波长为580nm,而试剂空白的吸收较小,表观摩尔吸光系数1.75×10~4,镁量小于30微克/50毫升符合比尔定律。共存元素允许量(毫克)为:Cu~(2+)(20),Zn~(2+)     

基于苯并噻唑Zn~(2+)荧光探针及其细胞造影应用（英文）

设计合成基于苯并噻唑Zn~(2+)荧光增强型探针BHP,在HEPES缓冲液中测其对Zn~(2+)识别性能。实验结果表明,BHP对Zn~(2+)有较高的选择性,对其他金属离子如Cd~(2+),Fe~(2+),Ni~(2+),Pb~(2+),Hg~(2+),Al~(3+),Mn~(2+),Ag+,Cu~(2+),Co~(2+),Na+,K+,Mg~(2+)和Ca~(2+)无明显荧光增强响应。BHP与Zn~(2+)按1∶1计量比配位,在生理条件下荧光强度不受p H值影响。在He La细胞中对Zn~(2+)的造影表明BHP可用于生物体Zn~(2+)检测。     

金属离子对部分阴离子色谱测定的干扰及消除

本文对 F~-、柠檬酸的离子色谱法测定中 Al~(3+)、Fe~(3+)的干扰,和三乙醇胺、柠檬酸、磺基水杨酸对离子色谱法测 F~-时 Al~(3+)的干扰掩蔽及 EDTA 和磺基水杨酸对离子色谱法测柠檬酸时 Fe~(3+)、Al~(3+)干扰的掩蔽进行了讨论。     

n-InP/Fe3+, Fe2+界面在小信号电流阶跃下的暂态行为

应用小信号电流阶跃法研究了光照下n-InP/Fe~(3+), Fe~(2+)界面, 此时电位变化符合双指数规律, 这和理论推导是一致的。在时间很短时, 电位与时间成线性关系, 从直线斜率可求出空间电荷区电容。     

Structural and electronic characterization of the complexes obtained by the interaction between bare and hydrated first-row transition-metal ions (Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+)) and glycine

The complexes formed by the simplest amino acid, glycine, with different bare and hydrated metal ions (Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+)) were studied in the gas phase and in solvent in order to give better insight into the field of the metal ion-biological ligand interactions. The effects of the size and charge of each cation on the organization of the surrounding water molecules were analyzed. Results in the gas phase showed that the zwitterion of glycine is the form present in the most stable complexes of all ions and that it usually gives rise to an eta(2)O,O coordination type. After the addition of solvation sphere, a resulting octahedral arrangement was found around Ni(2+), Co(2+), and Fe(2+), ions in their high-spin states, whereas the bipyramidal-trigonal (Mn(2+) and Zn(2+)) or square-pyramidal (Cu(2+)) geometries were observed for the other metal species, according to glycine behaves as bi- or monodentate ligand. Despite the fact that the zwitterionic structure is in the ground conformation in solution, its complexes in water are less stable than those obtained from the canonical form. Binding energy values decrease in the order Cu(2+) > Ni(2+) > Zn(2+) approximately Co(2+) > Fe(2+) > Mn(2+) and Cu(2+) > Ni(2+) > Mn(2+) approximately Zn(2+) > Fe(2+) > Co(2+) for M(2+)-Gly and Gly-M(2+) (H(2)O)(n) complexes, respectively. The nature of the metal ion-ligand bonds was examined by using natural bond order and charge decomposition analyses.     

Ion exchange of Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+), and Cr(3+) on natural clinoptilolite: selectivity determination and influence of acidity on metal uptake

In the present study ion exchange of Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+), and Cr(3+) on natural Greek clinoptilolite was examined in terms of selectivity toward the above heavy metals in single- and multicomponent solutions in batch systems. Also examined are the influence of clinoptilolite on solution acidity and the effect of acidity on the ion exchange process. Clinoptilolite increases solution acidity due to the exchange of H(+) cations with the cations initially present in its structure. H(+) cations should be considered as competitive ones in ion exchange processes, and consequently ion exchange of metals is favored at high acidity values. Cu(2+) and Cr(3+) are the most sensitive cations with respect to acidity. Selectivity determination demonstrates that the selectivity at total concentration 0.01 N and acidity 2 in both single- and multicomponent solutions is following the order Pb(2+)>Fe(3+)>Cr(3+) > or =Cu(2+). This order is set since the first days of equilibration. However, Cu(2+) shows remarkable changes in selectivity and generally its uptake and selectivity are increasing with time. On the other hand selectivity in single metal solutions where acidity is not adjusted is following the order Pb(2+)>Cr(3+)>Fe(3+) congruent with Cu(2+).     

气相中Fe~(2+)和H_2O_2作用生成OH自由基的理论研究

利用B3LYP方法，在6-311G基组下研究了气相中Fe~(2+)与H_2O_2作用生成OH自 由基的反应途径，探讨了铁离子对生成羟基自由基所起的作用。结果表明反应的途 径为：Fe~(2+)与H_2O_2首先形成中间体（FeO_2H_2）~(2+)，然后能过O-O键的断 裂生成中间体（HOFeOH）~(2+)，再断Fe-OH键生成羟基自由基，Fe~(2+)和H_2O_2 的电荷强烈相互作用以及Fe~(2+)的d轨道上的电子促进H_2O_2中的O-O键断裂，生 成羟基自由基。     

Theoretical study of interaction of urate with li(+), na(+), k(+), be(2+), mg(2+), and ca(2+) metal cations

The geometries and energetics of complexes of Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Be(2+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+)metal cations with different possible uric acid anions (urate) were studied. The complexes were optimized at the B3LYP level and the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Complexes of urate with Mg(2+), and Ca(2+)metal cations were also optimized at the MP2/6-31+G(d) level. Single point energy calculations were performed at the MP2/6-311++G(d,p) level. The interactions of the metal cations at different nucleophilic sites of various possible urate were considered. It was revealed that metal cations would interact with urate in a bi-coordinate manner. In the gas phase, the most preferred position for the interaction of Li(+), Na(+), and K(+) cations is between the N(3) and O(2) sites, while all divalent cations Be(2+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+) prefer binding between the N(7) and O(6) sites of the corresponding urate. The influence of aqueous solvent on the relative stability of different complexes has been examined using the Tomasi's polarized continuum model. The basis set superposition error (BSSE) corrected interaction energy was also computed for complexes. The AIM theory has been applied to analyze the properties of the bond critical points (electron densities and their Laplacians) involved in the coordination between urate and the metal cations. It was revealed that aqueous solvation would have significant effect on the relative stability of complexes obtained by the interaction of urate with Mg(2+) and Ca(2+)cations. Consequently, several complexes were found to exist in the water solution. The effect of metal cations on different NH and CO stretching vibrational modes of uric acid has also been discussed.     

Design and Synthesis of a Selective Chemosensor for Zn^2＋

A hydroxyl substituted phenolic Schiff base 1, used as sensor for detection of Zn^2＋, was synthesized and investigated. It was found that a strong fluorescence emission was observed when 1 bound to Zn^2＋ in acetonitrile, whereas no fluorescence emission was detected when 1 bound to other metal ions （Fe^2＋, Co^2＋, Ni^2＋, Cu^2＋, Cd^2＋, Hg^2＋, Mg^2＋, Pb^2＋, Ca^2＋, Ba^2＋, Sr^2＋） except for Mg^2＋, for which a weak fluorescence emission was detected in the same condition. Competition experiment showed that no obvious interference was observed in its fluorescence while 1 performed the titration with Zn^2＋ in the different mixtures of metal ions. To understand the site where Zn^2＋ coordinated to the ligand and the mechanism of binding, three other hydroxyl substituted phenolic Schiff bases 2-4 were synthesized and their binding reactions with Zn^2＋were also investigated.     

Oxygen-containing gas-phase diatomic trications and tetracations: ReO(z+), NbO(z+) and HfO(z+) (z=3, 4)

Three oxygen-containing gas-phase diatomic trications ReO(3+), NbO(3+) and HfO(3+) as well as the diatomic tetracation NbO(4+) have been observed by mass spectrometry at non-integer m/z values. These unusual triply charged molecular ion species, together with the corresponding diatomic dications ReO(2+), NbO(2+) and HfO(2+), were produced by energetic, high-current oxygen ((16)O(-)) ion beam sputtering of rhenium, niobium and hafnium metal samples, respectively, whose surfaces were dynamically oxidized by oxygen primary ion incorporation. In addition, NbO(z+) (z≤ 4) were generated by intense femtosecond laser excitation and photofragmentation (Coulomb explosion) of Nb(x)O(y) clusters and were detected through Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOF). Our experimental results confirm previous reports on the detection of NbO(4+), NbO(3+), NbO(2+), HfO(3+) and HfO(2+) with Atom Probe mass spectrometry, whereas ReO(3+) and ReO(2+) apparently had not been observed before. In addition, these multiply charged molecular ions have been studied theoretically for the first time. Ab initio calculations of their electronic structures show that the diatomic trications ReO(3+), NbO(3+) and HfO(3+) are long-lived metastable gas-phase species, with bond lengths of 1.61 ?, 1.62 ? and 1.86 ?, respectively. They present large potential barriers with respect to dissociation of more than 2.7 eV. The corresponding diatomic dications are thermochemically stable molecules with very large dissociation energies (>3.5 eV). Our calculations predict the diatomic tetracation ReO(4+) to be a metastable ion species in the gas phase. We compute a potential barrier toward fragmentation of 0.6 eV; its formation requires a quadruple adiabatic ionization energy of 85.7 eV. Even though our calculations show that NbO(4+) is a weakly bound (dissociation barrier ～0.1 eV) metastable molecule, it is here identified via linear time-of-flight mass spectrometry.     

Gas-phase diatomic trications of Se2(3+), Te2(3+), and LaF3+

Three gas-phase diatomic trications Se(2) (3+), Te(2) (3+), and LaF(3+) have been produced by Ar(+) ion beam sputtering of Se, Te, and LaF(3) surfaces, respectively. These exotic molecular ions were detected at noninteger m/z values in a magnetic sector mass spectrometer for ion flight times of >/=13 micros that correspond to lower limits of their respective lifetimes. Se(2) (3+) and Te(2) (3+) were unambiguously identified by their characteristic isotopic abundances. Ab initio calculations of the electronic structures of Se(2) (3+), Te(2) (3+), and LaF(3+) show that these molecular trications are metastable with respect to dissociation into fragment ions of Se(2+)+Se(+), Te(2+)+Te(+), and La(2+)+F(+), respectively. Their barrier heights are about 0.49, 0.29, and 0.53 eV, and the equilibrium internuclear distances (bond lengths) are about 0.23, 0.27, and 0.26 nm, respectively. The gas-phase diatomic dications Se(2) (2+) and Te(2) (2+) were also observed and unambiguously identified. They were found to be long-lived metastable molecules as well, whereas LaF(2+) is thermochemically stable.     

Application of N-PLS calibration to the simultaneous determination of Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) using peptide modified electrochemical sensors

The simultaneous determination of Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) is demonstrated at four modified gold electrodes using N-PLS calibration. Three of the electrodes were modified with the peptides Gly-Gly-His, gamma-Glu-Cys Gly and human angiotensin I which were covalently attached to thioctic acid self-assembled monolayers and the fourth electrode was modified with thioctic acid only. Voltammetry at the modified electrodes in the presence of the three metal ions revealed one peak due to the reduction of copper and another due to the overlapping peaks of cadmium and lead which made quantification using conventional methods difficult. N-PLS was used to calibrate and predict trace concentrations (100 nM to 10 microM) of mixtures of Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and Pb(2+).