基于Taguchi方法的曲面LED阵列照度问题研究

为了分析曲面底板配光的LED阵列照明照度的影响因子,采用Taguchi实验方法设计实验,并运用TracePro软件进行仿真模拟,再通过ANOVA理论分析出因子对LED阵列品质的影响程度,优化曲面底板LED阵列的各项结构参数。结果表明:LED芯片数量对于照度均匀度及最大照度的影响最大,分别占有81.84%和91.58%的影响地位。进一步地,通过微调芯片与光轴的夹角可以得到更好的照度均匀度。以上研究结果为解决曲面底板照明的照度问题提供了理论依据。     

基于Taguchi方法的LED植物光源优化设计

为了提高LED植物光源的有效利用率,基于Taguchi的实验方法对LED植物红蓝光源阵列进行设计和优化。用MATLAB软件编程进行仿真模拟,通过ANOVA方法分析得出对植物光源照射距离为10 cm处的红蓝光的光子数比值(R/B)分布均匀度影响最大的因子,并对试验最优结果采用Trace Pro光学软件进行试验验证,从而获得本次试验最佳的参数组合。结果表明:曲率半径为50 mm的凹形曲面底板的圆心加点排布方式,圆心为LED蓝光芯片,圆环上为LED红光芯片,芯片数量分别为6个LED红光芯片和1个LED蓝光芯片,芯片距离为10 mm的最优化组合是本次试验的最优组合。通过ANOVA方法分析得出,LED红蓝芯片之间的间距对植物光源的R/B的均匀分布影响最大,占有35.17%的比例,LED红蓝芯片的排布方式也不可忽略,因为其占有了28.05%的影响比例。     

多芯片LED照明灯光重影现象的研究

本文运用Trace Pro光学仿真软件对多芯片LED照明时产生的重影现象进行模拟计算分析,研究了光源芯片对减小重影大小的影响规律.通过多光源的光强叠加原理,用多个LED芯片光源代替传统的大尺寸光源,有效地减小了照明时产生的重影现象.本研究以台灯为例,通过建立台灯照明时的简化模型,设计了不同芯片数量及排布,并分析了照明台...     

微型曲面发光二极管阵列照度一致性研究

为提高微型曲面发光二极管(LED)阵列在显示及照明使用方面的舒适度,针对微型曲面LED阵列照度分布的均匀性问题进行研究.采用TracePro光线追迹法分别计算了柱面显示阵列及球面照明阵列的照度分布.计算结果表明,曲面弯曲半径R和光源辐射参数m是影响柱面阵列照度分布的主要因素.通过合理排布阵列像素单元位置,可以增强器件显示均匀度,提高能量利用效率.10×10柱面LED阵列最大平坦化照度均匀度为90.5%.对球面环形阵列照度分布计算结果表明,单环形LED阵列照度均匀性与像素数量无关.影响球面多环LED阵列照度分布的参数主要包括环线分布系数K、环法线与第一环阵列光源法线夹角(?)_0及各环线像素光通量之比φ.以双环LED阵列为模型进行计算,获得最大平坦化照度均匀度为94.8%.调整球面多环阵列位置参数可实现不同照度分布模式.实验对比了微型LED像素单元夹角θ分别为13°,15°和17°时的照度分布,实验结果与理论计算较为一致.本文取得的理论与实验结果可以为微型曲面LED显示及多模式智能照明设计提供参考.     

基于光量子学的植物照明用自由曲面底板LED光源设计

基于光谱的光量子学照明系统评价方法,能使现代农业发光二极管(LED)植物照明系统具有可重复性,具有实用意义。基于光量子理论,采用高出光效率、高均匀度的自由曲面底板设计方法,并使用脉冲宽度调制驱动方法,设计了一款应用自由曲面底板的红蓝光LED植物照明用灯具,并对其参数进行测量。将仿真结果与实验结果进行对比详细分析了传统照明设计方法在LED植物照明中的意义。实验结果表明,所设计的灯具光量子通量密度均匀度约为80%,灯具最高温度约为50℃。由于没有使用扩散板等二次配光手段,灯具出光效率可视为100%,比使用扩散板的情况提高了34.5%以上,大大减少了植物照明的能耗。扩散板的引入会降低所设计灯具的光量子通量密度均匀度,而对混光均匀度影响不大。因此,在植物照明使用的红蓝光LED组合中,使用自由曲面底板的一次配光方法比使用扩散板的二次配光方法更为简便有效,更符合植物照明的设计需求。     

大功率白光LED路灯发光板设计与驱动技术

为最大可能提高大功率LED路灯发光板的电光转化率与散热效率,在不影响外量子效率前提下对LED芯片设计采用扩大LED芯片面积,以及电极优化技术增加LED芯片的出光量,使芯片表面热流均匀分布,芯片工作更稳定。分析了大功率白光LED的封装过程对提高芯片取光率、保障白光质量、器件散热技术的综合应用。综合上述技术及有限元分析软件对大功率LED器件封装的热阻分析结果,确定了COB(chip on board)LED芯片的阵列组装技术,为制造LED路灯发光板的最佳技术方案。LED芯片结温很容易控制在120 ℃以下,与外部散热技术兼容性好。通过光线最佳归一化数学模型计算了LED芯片阵列芯片间最佳距离。最后通过对各种白光LED驱动方案的比较,确定了白光LED最佳驱动方案为恒电流驱动脉宽调制(PWM)调节亮度。     

紫外光LED固化面光源光学系统设计

为解决紫外光LED固化面光源光斑均匀性差及辐照强度低的问题,提出一种阵列式紫外光LED固化面光源光学系统的设计方法。基于几何光学及菲涅耳定律等相关理论,完成近朗伯光型LED透镜自由曲面轮廓线的推导,结合理论公式计算出透镜阵列排布时透镜之间的最佳间距。结果表明:透镜有效控制了光线的发散,提高了阵列面光源所产生光斑的辐照强度及照度均匀度,使阵列结构更加紧凑。当光源半值角分别为27.5°和15.5°时,照度均匀度分别为95.3%和98.6%,辐照强度分别是理想朗伯型光源阵列的2.5倍和6.4倍。进一步分析了工作距离和芯片形状及其尺寸对面光源光学系统的影响,并通过实验对模拟结果进行验证,为紫外发光二极管的应用及光学系统设计提供了一定的理论依据。     

荧光粉封装方式对多芯片阵列LED封装效率的影响

针对荧光粉封装的多芯片LED,用Monte Carlo光线追迹的方法仿真光线在蓝光芯片和荧光粉中的传播,并分析了荧光粉封装方式对多芯片阵列LED封装效率的影响.结果表明:随着荧光粉层和芯片之间的距离增大,保型涂覆的LED封装效率先增加后减小,最大封装效率为59%;平面涂覆的LED在芯片间距为0.2mm、荧光粉层和芯片之间的距离为0.28mm时,封装效率为77.183%;荧光粉层的曲率半径对封装效率的影响较小.     

用于LED广告灯箱的自由曲面大角度透镜设计与仿真

基于能量守恒定律和网格划分法,设计了一种实现LED阵列近场均匀照明的自由曲面大角度透镜,其内曲面为椭圆形曲面、外曲面为自由曲面.根据能量守恒定律建立映射关系,对光源和目标面进行网格划分,并结合折射定律,迭代求解出外自由曲面数据点.分析了椭圆形内曲面的长短轴比值对透镜菲涅耳损耗和照度均匀性的影响.结果表明:短轴与长轴的比值在0.35~0.55时,出光效率和照度均匀性最佳.通过反馈优化法对LED阵列进行优化,重新划分网格,使叠加部分光照度减弱,提高了整体光照均匀性.仿真结果表明:仅对透镜外自由曲面的面型数据点进行优化,在目标面高度为80mm,透镜出光角度为157°时,优化后的整体光照均匀度由优化前的0.40提高到0.84,出光效率大于0.9.     

AlGaInP材料LED微阵列热学特性分析

发光二极管(LED)微阵列芯片在工作时积累的热量使结温过高,进而对LED微阵列芯片造成一系列不利影响,严重降低LED微阵列芯片工作的可靠性,甚至造成永久性损坏。散热问题是制约LED微阵列芯片工作性能提高的关键因素,是LED微阵列芯片在制备过程中亟待解决的问题之一。利用有限元分析软件,针对AlGaInP材料LED微阵列建立了有限元模型,详细介绍了实体模型建立、网格划分以及边界条件的施加方法。瞬态分析了在脉冲电流驱动下,单个单元和3×3单元工作时阵列的温度场分布,以及温度随时间的变化规律。为了改善阵列芯片的散热性能,设计了一种热沉结构,模拟分析了热沉结构对阵列温度分布的影响。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.