茂名市水源、尿及食用盐碘含量的调查分析

为分析茂名地区居民膳食中碘摄入情况,给碘缺乏病防治提供依据,在所辖区域范围内,对居民饮用水水碘水平、8～10岁儿童尿碘水平、儿童家庭食用碘盐状况等进行了调查。结果表明,共监测27个镇水样128份,碘质量浓度在1.25～195.8μg/L之间,水碘中位值13.5μg/L。8～10岁儿童尿碘中位值为164μg/L,儿童家庭食盐含碘0～51.76 mg/kg,食盐碘与尿碘之间的关系出现不一致性。可见在非高碘地区,碘盐是影响人群营养的重要因素,盐碘应根据饮用水的碘含量而不同,在水碘小于20μg/L的地区盐碘在20～30 mg/kg比较适宜;在水碘为20～150μg/L的地区盐碘在10～20 mg/kg比较适宜。高碘地区应停供碘盐,改水降碘。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水产品中的碘和溴

为了建立同时测定紫菜、虾片、鱿鱼干、鲜虾皮等常见水产品中碘和溴含量的方法，通过正交试验设计选择最优提取条件，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定元素含量。样品粉碎后加入2%四甲基氢氧化铵，于80℃浸提3 h,然后以¹⁰³Rh为内标，应用ICP-MS测定¹²⁷I和⁷⁹Br含量。结果表明：两种元素在1～1 000μg/L范围内线性相关系数均大于0.999,加标回收率在85.7%～112.1%之间，重现性良好，碘和溴的检出限分别为0.0044μg/g和0.029μg/g,定量下限分别为0.015μg/g和0.097μg/g。该方法简单、便捷、准确，可为水产品中碘和溴的同时测定提供参考依据。     

哈尔滨市平房区碘缺乏病的自我考评结果分析

对哈尔滨市平房区7～10岁学龄儿童尿碘、甲状腺肿及用户碘盐进行调查，其结果为：尿碘中位数为315μg／L，＜50μg／L者占5．7％，＜100μg／L者占10．6％；甲状腺肿大率为21．80％；盐碘中位数为46．4×10-6，＜20×10－6者占3．9％，按照WHO、UNICEF、ICCIDD三个国际组织提供的考核评估标准，尿碘、盐碘水平已达标，但甲状腺肿大率未达标。     

阻抑动力学分光光度及荧光光度法测定微量碘

在稀磷酸介质中,微量碘离子对亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化吡罗红B褪色及荧光猝灭的反应有显著阻抑作用,以此为指示反应提出了测定微量碘离子的阻抑动力学光度和阻抑动力学荧光分析新方法。测定碘离子的线性范围分别为4-200μg/L和3-40μg/L,检出限分别为2.8μg/L和1.6μg/L。用于食品中微量碘的测定,结果满意。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中不同形态的无机碘

建立了一种有效分离检测土壤中不同形态无机碘(碘离子和碘酸根离子)的高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(HPLC-ICP-MS)。采用4 mmol/L四丁基氢氧化铵(TBAH)溶液为提取剂进行超声提取,经离心分层,过Na柱和0.22μm滤膜后进行分析,以50 mmol/L碳酸铵溶液(pH 9.8,以25%氨水调节)为流动相,采用AS16阴离子分析柱进行HPLC-ICP-MS测定。结果表明,在优化实验条件下,两种无机碘形态(I~-和IO~-_3)在10～500μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)均大于0.999,检出限分别为0.05、0.1μg/L,定量下限分别为2、5μg/L。该方法用于土壤环境中无机碘的测定,其加标回收率为83.8%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.5%～3.0%,优于振荡提取法。该方法快速、高效、重现性好、灵敏度高,适用于土壤环境中不同形态无机碘的测定。     

痕量碘的四元碱流动注射分光光度法研究粮食中微量碘的测定

本文报道了基于Feigl点滴反应的痕量碘的流动注射分光光度测定方法。在痕量碘存在下,无色氯胺T和四元碱(N,N-四甲基对苯二胺)在醋酸盐介质中发生反应,反应30s时在605nm下测定其蓝色产物的吸光度。在90样/h的采样频率下检出限为0.2μg/L(3σ)。对10μg/L碘标准溶液测定的变异系数为0.6%(n=11)。粮食灰分液中加入5μg/L碘的回收率较好。     

计算拟合离子选择性电极法测定食品中的碘

利用计算机拟合离子选择性电极标准加入法测定食品中的碘,方法简便,灵敏度高,检出限为39.8μg/L。线性范围为1.0×10~2～1.0×10~5μg/L。该法用于海带、食用盐中碘的测定,RSD分别为2.6％、2.9％,平均回收率分别为98％、93％。     

离子色谱紫外检测器联用技术同时分离测定乳制品中的碘离子和硫氰酸根

采用亲水性阴离子交换色谱柱,以碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠与乙腈的混合溶液作为淋洗液,实现了碘离子和硫氰酸根峰与样品中干扰峰的分离;选择紫外检测模式,获得了较高的灵敏度。在0.05～1mg/L范围内,碘离子、硫氰酸根的浓度X分别与对应的色谱峰面积Y呈良好的线性关系,碘离子的线性方程为Y=578.6X-2877,r=1.0;硫氰酸根的线性方程为Y=291.1X-3342,r=0.9998。碘离子、硫氰酸根的检出限分别为4.6μg/L和14.6μg/L,加标回收率为89.9%-106.9%。     

负催化动力学光度法测定微量碘的研究

本文报道碘 ( I- )对重铬酸钾氧化罗丹明 B( RHB)褪色反应的负催化作用及其动力学分析 ,建立了测定微量碘的新方法 ,检出限 2× 1 0 - 8g/m L,线性范围 0～ 1 6μg/m L,表观摩尔吸光系数 6.7× 1 0 4 L·mol- 1· cm。方法用于海带、食盐等食品中微量碘的测定 ,结果满意     

高含碘饮用水的实用降碘

碘是人体的必要元素 ,但碘的摄取量偏高或偏低同样对人体造成严重的伤害 [1]。现已查明 [1] ,我国山东、山西、河北、新疆等省 (区 )的十几个县均存在水源性高碘问题。以地处渤海岸边的山东无棣县为例 ,为了解决群众的吃水难问题 ,当地政府实施了“利民工程”,1 998年共打深机井 50多眼 ,但是 ,经检测 ,其中 90 %以上的机井水除了含氟量超标 (一般在 2 .0 mg/L左右 ,最高可达 3.8mg/L )外 ,含碘量也严重超标 ,一般均达到了1 0 0 0 μg/L左右 ,有的甚至高达 2 0 0 0 μg/L,大大超过国家建议的 1 0～ 1 2 5μg/L的标准含碘量。目前 ,有关高…     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.