热释光谱研究长余辉发光材料的陷阱能级

介绍了热释光剂量计和热释光的基本原理。通过测量长余辉发光材料的热释光谱,并采用一阶动力学近似,可以量化分析长余辉发光材料中的陷阱能级的深度、电荷密度等参数,并可以讨论陷阱能级与长余辉性能的关系,深入理解长余辉过程。     

长余辉发光材料研究进展

自从20世纪初发现长余辉现象以来，长余辉材料的发展取得了长足进展。从长余辉现象的发现到20世纪90年代，性能最好的长余辉材料为金属硫化物体系长余辉材料。从1992年起，新型铝酸盐长余辉材料的发展十分迅速，它的发光强度、发光时间、化学稳定性都较第一代长余辉材料有很大改进，长余辉材料的发展进入了一个新的阶段。在铝酸盐体系实现了蓝紫、蓝绿、黄绿、黄橙色发光，其中的蓝绿、黄绿两种长余辉材料是目前发光性能最好的长余辉材料。在硅酸盐体系蓝色长余辉材料发光强度及发光时间大大超过铝酸盐体系蓝紫色长余辉材料，是另一类极有前途的新型长余辉材料。红色长余辉材料的发展也取得了很大进步，目前在多个体系实现了红色自发光。性能最好的红色长余辉材料发光亮度达到CaS类红色长余辉材料的6倍以上，余辉时间达6-8小时。长余辉材料的应用研究也进展迅速。     

稀土离子激活长余辉发光材料的最新研究进展

长余辉发光材料是一种新型储能材料。评述了基质组成和制备技术对长余辉发光材料发光特性的影响;介绍了黄绿光、蓝光和红光长余辉材料的最新研究进展和获得长余辉发光的关键因素,即结构缺陷形成的陷阱态和稀土掺杂的作用,并对长余辉发光材料今后的研究和应用做出了展望。     

铽激活碱土硼硅酸盐玻璃的长余辉发光性质

首次报道了一种新型的长余辉发光材料,即Tb^3 激活的钡硼硅长余辉发光玻璃。经254nm的紫外灯(辐照度为4．07mW／cm^3)照射30min后,该玻璃发出明亮的绿色长余辉,其余辉在黑暗中持续8h以上仍肉眼可辨。比较样品的余辉光谱和荧光发射光谱,发现两者的峰形、峰位基本相同,说明玻璃样品的绿色余辉发射中心,来自于Tb^3 的特征发射。余辉发射的峰值波长位于543nm,对应于Tb^3 的^5D4→^7F5跃迁。我们通过吸收光谱、荧光的激发和发射光谱、余辉衰减曲线、余辉发射光谱及热释光谱等表征方法,系统地对这种玻璃材料的荧光和长余辉发光性质进行了研究,并讨论了可能的长余辉发光的机理。     

Nb5+、Sm3+共掺杂YTaO4的长余辉发光性质

采用高温固相法合成了Nb~(5+)、Sm~(3+)共掺杂YTaO_4长余辉发光材料,通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、稳态荧光光谱、漫反射光谱和热释光曲线等多种表征手段研究了材料的结构、荧光和长余辉发光特性。XRD结果表明,共掺杂Nb~(5+)和Sm~(3+)没有引起YTaO_4晶体结构的改变。光谱分析表明,共掺Nb~(5+)不仅可大幅提高YTaO_4中Sm~(3+)的长余辉发光强度,而且可实现长余辉发光颜色的调控。对Sm~(3+)和Nb~(5+)共掺杂调控长余辉发光特性的机理也进行了分析。     

Sm~(3+)掺杂对SrLaGa_3O_7自身长余辉发光性质的影响

采用高温固相法制备了Sr La Ga_3O_7∶x Sm~(3+)长余辉材料,通过XRD、荧光光谱、热释光谱分别对样品的结构以及发光性能进行了研究,探究了Sm~(3+)掺杂浓度对样品自身长余辉发光性能的影响。研究结果表明:样品在254 nm紫外光照射后,Sr La Ga_3O_7∶x Sm~(3+)在386 nm有明显的长余辉发光,可持续60 min,主要是由于样品中空位引起的发光。随着掺杂Sm~(3+)浓度的增加,样品的发射光谱和余辉强度先增强后减弱,并出现明显的红移现象,这与Sm~(3+)掺杂所造成的空位浓度密切相关。当Sm~(3+)的摩尔分数达到0.5%时,样品在420 nm处展现最佳的长余辉性质。热释光谱表明掺杂后的样品中存在两种不同的陷阱,分别是由氧空位和锶空位引起的,这两种陷阱不仅影响样品的发光强度,而且充当俘获中心从而影响样品的余辉性能。     

白色长余辉材料Ca_xMgSi_2O_(5 x)∶Dy~(3 )系列的发光性能

制备并研究了一系列具有白色长余辉的钙镁硅酸盐材料,CaxMgSi2O5 x∶Dy3 (x=1,2,3)。在紫外激发的发射谱中观察到来自Dy3 的4f组态内发射:对应4F9/2→6H15/2跃迁的蓝色发射(480nm)以及对应4F9/2→6H13/2跃迁的黄色发射(575nm)。低压汞灯(254nm)辐照后产生的长余辉光谱成分与发射谱相同,蓝光与黄光的混合组成白色光。对所研究的大部分样品,白色长余辉发射持续时间超过1h。研究了发射光强度对Dy3 浓度的依赖以及黄光与蓝光强度比与Dy3 掺杂浓度之间的关系,发现不同的基质有不同Dy3 浓度的依赖关系。室温以上的热释光谱表明所研究材料在室温以上具有丰富的热释光峰,因此有潜力进一步改善其长余辉性能。结合实验结果和以往研究,简要讨论了这一类材料的陷阱来源和长余辉发射机理。     

钙钛矿CaSnO3∶Pr^3＋磷光体的发光特性

采用高温固相法合成了一种Pr3 离子激活的钙钛矿结构氧化物CaSnO3磷光体。测定了该磷光体的XRD、光致发光光谱、长余辉发射光谱以及长余辉衰减曲线,研究了该磷光体的热释发光。研究结果表明,CaSnO3∶Pr3 磷光体具有较好的长余辉特性,进一步深入研究有望开发出一种具有实用价值的新型长余辉发光材料。     

钙钛矿CaSnO3:Pr3+磷光体的发光特性

采用高温固相法合成了一种Pr3 离子激活的钙钛矿结构氧化物CaSnO3磷光体.测定了该磷光体的XRD、光致发光光谱、长余辉发射光谱以及长余辉衰减曲线,研究了该磷光体的热释发光.研究结果表明,CaSnO3:Pr3 磷光体具有较好的长余辉特性,进一步深入研究有望开发出一种具有实用价值的新型长余辉发光材料.     

Eu,Dy共掺铝硼硅酸盐的长余辉发光玻璃

选择铝硼硅酸盐玻璃体系,高温熔融法制备了Eu,Dy掺杂的铝硼硅酸盐基质透明的玻璃,并对其进行了激发光谱和发射光谱的表征分析。实验结果表明：在空气气氛条件下制备的Eu^3＋,Dy^3＋掺杂的铝硼硅酸盐基质玻璃样品并不具备长余辉发光特性;而经过还原气氛处理后,Eu离子以二价形式存在,样品具有长余辉发光现象。其激发光谱是位于250-450nm的宽带谱,发光光谱峰值位于462nm处。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.