工业含铬废水的络合萃取处理工艺研究

采用络合萃取法处理工业含铬废水,考察了起始pH、流速和接触时间等对络合萃取处理效果的影响,探讨了铬盐生产废水和电镀废水的处理工艺。结果表明;在废水起始pH为1.0-2.0时,络合萃取法能方便、快速、有效地去除废水中的六价铬。络合萃取．碱沉淀法适用于六价铬含量远大于三价铬含量的电镀废水的处理,氧化．络合萃取法可用于三价铬含量较高的电镀废水的处理。采用两级处理能使高浓度铬盐生产废水的出水达到国家排放标准。     

江苏南大戈德环保科技有限公司

江苏南大戈德环保科技有限公司是由南京大学、南开大学等共同组建的高新技术企业,从事离子交换吸附树脂的研制、开发和应用,产品通过ISO9002质量认证,广泛应用于电力、石化、电子、食品、冶金、生物、医药与三废治理。公司获四项国家、部、省科技成果奖,申请国家发明专利20多项。复合功能树脂被批准为国家级新产品,特别在“有毒有机化工废水与其资源化研究”获国家科技进步二等奖。主要范例有：对硝基苯酚钠生产废水的治理与资源化、2,3-酸生产废水的治理与资源化、氯化苯生产废水的治理与资源化、多菌灵和邻苯二胺生产废水的治理与资源化、苯乙酸生产废水的治理与资源化、     

树脂吸附法处理高浓度DSD酸氧化工序生产废水的研究

本文采用大孔吸附树脂固定床工艺处理DSD酸氧化工序生产废水。实验结果表明，ND804大孔吸附树脂对该废水具有良好的吸附－脱附效果，废水经ND804树脂吸附处理后，CODCr由14790mg/L降至1300mg/L左右，COD去除率约为91％，并可回收纯度达80％的DNS酸，废水在得到有效治理的同时实现了废物的资源化。     

江苏南大戈德环保科技有限公司

江苏南大戈德环保科技有限公司是由南京大学、南开大学等共同组建的高新技术企业，从事离子交换吸附树脂的研制、开发和应用，产品通过IS09002质量认证，广泛应用于电力、石化、电子、食品、冶金、生物、医药与三废治理。公司获四项国家、部、省科技成果奖，申请国家发明专利20多项。复合功能树脂被批准为国家级新产品，特别在“有毒有机化工废水与其资源化研究”获国家科技进步二等奖。主要范例有：对硝基苯酚钠生产废水的治理与资源化、2,3一酸生产废水的治理与资源化、氯化苯生产废水的治理与资源化、多菌灵和邻苯二胺生产废水的治理与资源化。[第一段]     

6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水的厌氧和深度处理研究

针对6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水的高污染物浓度、高硫酸根、难降解物质多的特点,对废水经过硫酸根预处理,稀释3倍和6倍后,废水对厌氧污泥没有急毒性,厌氧污泥可以逐步适应废水环境。经过厌氧处理以及后续的Fenton深度处理,高浓度的6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水CODCr可由45450mg/L降到255mg/L,出水CODCr可达到污水三级排放标准。     

超高交联吸附树脂对氯苯酚生产废水的吸附去除研究

用吸附树脂ZH-01对氯酚生产废水的吸附进行了系统研究.实验结果表明,采用ZH-01树脂进行吸附,废水中氯酚类化合物平均去除率达92.3%,CODcr平均去除率达91.0%,树脂经碱液脱附可重复利用,并回收了高浓度的氯酚类化合物且运行稳定,该处理工艺投资少,操作简便,废水在得到有效治理的同时实现了废物的资源化.     

红霉素生产废水的树脂吸附法处理研究

采用XDA-1大孔吸附树脂对琥乙红霉素和红霉素碱两种生产废水分别进行动态吸附处理,研究影响吸附的一些因素.结果显示,在室温、原废水pH和较低流速条件下,经处理后废水的COD降低72%～88%;经丙酮解吸后再从解吸液蒸馏回收99%的醋酸丁酯,从琥乙红霉素废水中还可回收大约0.4kg/m3的红霉素粗品.     

湿式催化氧化处理含高浓度甲醛的草甘膦废水

草甘膦结晶母液经蒸发或纳滤浓缩回收后,产生大量含有高浓度甲醛的废水,常规的废水处理方法难以达到回用或排放要求.以过量溶液浸渍法制备的Pt-Bi-CeO2/AC为催化剂,采用湿式催化氧化法处理2.5%的HCHO溶液,HCHO去除率高达99.9%以上,COD去除率达到96.6%.采用Pt-Bi-CeO2/AC催化剂对含低浓度草甘膦(PMG,50 mg/L)的生产废水直接进行湿式催化氧化处理,催化剂使用23次后,HCHO去除率稳定在85%左右,COD去除率稳定在87%左右,催化剂具有良好的稳定性.湿式催化氧化处理后的废水可直接回用于PMG生产.采用固定床湿式催化氧化装置处理HCHO溶液以及PMG生产废水,处理效果也非常理想,连续使用720 h,催化剂的稳定性能良好.通过XRD、N2吸附-脱附、HRTEM、ICP-OES和XPS等分析手段对催化剂进行了系统表征.     

酚类化合物的氧化降解

电催化氧化技术是在Fenton反应过程的基础上,发展起来的新的高效氧化技术.该技术因反应条件温和、处理效率高、无二次污染等优点,近来被用于酚类废水的治理.     

6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水厌氧和深度处理实验研究

针对6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水高污染物浓度,高硫酸根,难降解物质多的特点对废水经过硫酸根预处理,稀释3倍和6倍后,废水对厌氧污泥没有急毒性,厌氧污泥可以逐步适应废水环境。经过厌氧处理以及后续的Fenton深度处理,高浓度的6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水COD_cr可由45450 mg/L 降到255 mg/L。出水COD_cr可达到污水三级排放标准。     

Synthesis of Cationic PEM Emulsion and Application in Waste Water Treatment

Cationic polymer as a kind of flocculant is widely applied in purification treatment of waste water. Because it has positive charge group, it is able to connect strongly the suspended matters, short cellulose and other microparticles. The research on synthesis of cationic polymer and application in treatment of waste water is very universal abroad. But domestic research on those is not general. The technology of synthesis of PEM is simple, and the production cost is low. It is easy to apply in treatment of waste water.Synthesis of PEM Emulsion FlocculantSome distilled water, PVA(poly(vinyl alcohol)), EA(ethyl acrylate), and K2S2O8(potassium persulfate) were put into reaction vessel. Kept stirring up under nitrogen. When heated the solution to 40℃, dropped the water solution of MTA[(2-methacryloxylethyl)trimethyl ammonium].Maintained the temperature at 70℃, reacted about 7-8 hours. Then got the PEM emulsion. Changed the ratio of EA and MTA. Obtained a series of PEM emulsions.Stability and Convertibility of PEM EmulsionThe test results showed that when the EA/MTA was 85/15, the PEM emulsion was most stable.When the total monomer quantity was 35%, the convertibility of PEM emulsion was the highest,i.e.98.6%.The MTA Copolymerization Ratio and Morphology of PEM EmulsionWhen the monomers EA/MTA=85/15 and total monomer quantity was 35%, the MTA copolymerization ratio of PEM emulsion was 95.15%(the highest), and the PEM emulsion was some microspheres with 100-180nm of diameter.The Test Results of PEM Emulsion in Treatment of Waste Water The PEM emulsion flocculant was applied in treatment of waste water of paper mill, and measured the precipitation time(t) and transmittancy(T). The test results were showed in table 1. The optimum value of PEM which was able to make the waste water of paper mill into clear water was 0.008%.     

Experimental design approach for petrochemical waste water treatment using solar assisted photo Fenton process

In this study, the effect of photo-Fenton process on the treatment of petrochemical waste water treatment was investigated. The influence of process conditions were determined by factorial design. Optimization of the process conditions were performed by central composite design. Under, optimized conditions lab scale and solar assisted pilot scale of petrochemical waste water treatment was performed. Three factors namely initial pH, H₂O₂ concentration (mM) and Fe²⁺ concentration (mM) executed the essential role in petrochemical waste water treatment. Central composite design resulted in the prediction of optimized value as 6.5 initial pH, 15.65 mM of H₂O₂ concentration and 2.09 mM of Fe²⁺ concentration. Under these conditions, the reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) percentage reached about 68.67 ± 2.8% after 280 min in pilot scale of solar assisted photo Fenton process of petrochemical waste water treatment. Thus, experimental design combined with advanced Fenton process can become a feasible unconventional method for petrochemical waste water treatment.     

Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Dye Waste Water

There are many noxious, harmful and difficulty biological resolved pollutants in dye waste water which will harm the water environment if it is drained off directly. Analyzing compositions and contents of organic pollutants in dye waste water is the important basis to define the control and harness technology of waste water. In this study, reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze quantitatively waste water of nitrify and reduction stages of 3-Amino-4-methoxyl aniline、waste water of 2, 6- DichIoro-4-nitro-aniline and waste water at upper reaches and below reaches of factory general waste drains in dye chemical plants.     

Development of ICP-MS and ICP-OES methods for determination of gadolinium in samples related to hospital waste water treatment

A suitable analytical method making possible the determination of Gd and other rare-earth elements in samples related to hospital waste water treatment was sought with regard to various aspects of the experiment aimed at monitoring the fate of Gd-based contrast agents in the aquatic environment. The discrepancies and pitfalls of the proposed methodology were considered, resulting in a functional experimental plan. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method was used for the determination of Gd and other rare earth elements in river and hospital waste water and algae Parachlorella kessleri cultured in laboratory experiments. The sample preparation of algae prior to analysis was optimised. The ICP-MS method was validated using a recovery study, sample blanks, reference materials, and comparison with the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. The ICP-MS method was confirmed as suitable for monitoring the biosorption/bioaccumulation of Gd in algae and for evaluating the Gd anomaly in hospital waste water and rivers of Eastern Bohemia. In the laboratory experiments, the bioconcentration factors were calculated (all in L kg^?1) for algae cultured in inorganic Gd salt (about 1100), in waste water from a magnetic resonance workplace (2300) and in waste water from a hospital waste water treatment plant (4400). A positive Gd anomaly in waters from the river Elbe in the Eastern Bohemia region was found less pronounced in the areas unaffected than in the areas affected by waste waters from hospital.     

Mineral-carbon sorbents based on post-decarbonization lime and mixture of hydrocarbons

Summary An attempt was made to obtain mineral-carbon sorbents from waste products of petrochemical industry: lime from the decarbonization of river water to be used in technology and hydrocarbon wastes obtained in the treatment of industrial waste waters. The sorbents were prepared by thermal decomposition of mixtures of the mineral and carbon components. In order to optimize the preparation conditions, physicochemical studies were performed of both the mineral matrix and the mineral-carbon sorbents. Adsorption measurements involving nitrogen, water, and benzene as adsorbates were used for determining the parameters of porous structure of the obtained materials and their hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties. The properties influencing the sorptive properties of the organic compounds present in the petrochemical wastes were pointed out.     

Cold water fish gelatin films: Effects of cross-linking on thermal, mechanical, barrier, and biodegradation properties

Gelatin was extracted from Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and Alaska pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) skins and cast into films. The fish gelatin films’ tensile, thermal, water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability, and biodegradation properties were compared to those of bovine and porcine gelatin films. In addition, fish gelatin films were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. Pollock and salmon gelatin films had comparable tensile properties, but had lower tensile strength and percent elongation than mammalian gelatin films. The lower strength and elongation might have been due to lower structural gelatin levels present in fish gelatin films. The addition of cross-linkers had little effect on tensile properties and melting temperatures of fish gelatin films. Pollock gelatin films had the lowest water vapor and oxygen permeability values, whereas mammalian gelatin films had the highest permeability values. Cross-linking resulted in lower water vapor permeability for salmon gelatin films and higher oxygen permeability for pollock gelatin films. However, all fish gelatin films had better water vapor and oxygen barrier properties than mammalian gelatin films. Also, fish gelatin films degraded faster than mammalian gelatin films.     

Valorization of a By-Product from the Production of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat for Preparation of Gelatins

In recent decades, food waste management has become a key priority of industrial and food companies, state authorities and consumers as well. The paper describes the biotechnological processing of mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDCM) by-product, rich in collagen, into gelatins. A factorial design at two levels was used to study three selected process conditions (enzyme conditioning time, gelatin extraction temperature and gelatin extraction time). The efficiency of the technological process of valorization of MDCM by-product into gelatins was evaluated by % conversion of the by-product into gelatins and some qualitative parameters of gelatins (gel strength, viscosity and ash content). Under optimal processing conditions (48–72 h of enzyme conditioning time, 73–78 °C gelatin extraction temperature and 100–150 min gelatin extraction time), MDCM by-product can be processed with 30–32% efficiency into gelatins with a gel strength of 140 Bloom, a viscosity of 2.5 mPa.s and an ash content of 5.0% (which can be reduced by deionization using ion-exchange resins). MDCM is a promising food by-product for valorization into gelatins, which have potential applications in food-, pharmaceutical- and cosmetic fields. The presented technology contributes not only to food sustainability but also to the model of a circular economy.     

The Perspective and Challenge of Nanomaterials in Oil and Gas Wastewater Treatment

Oil and gas wastewater refers to the waste stream produced in special production activities such as drilling and fracturing. This kind of wastewater has the following characteristics: high salinity, high chromaticity, toxic and harmful substances, poor biodegradability, and a difficulty to treat. Interestingly, nanomaterials show great potential in water treatment technology because of their small size, large surface area, and high surface energy. When nanotechnology is combined with membrane treatment materials, nanofiber membranes with a controllable pore size and high porosity can be prepared, which provides more possibilities for oil–water separation. In this review, the important applications of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment, including membrane separation technology and photocatalysis technology, are summarized. Membrane separation technology is mainly manifested in ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). It also focuses on the application of semiconductor photocatalysis technology induced by TiO₂ in the degradation of oil and gas wastewater. Finally, the development trends of nanomaterials in oil and gas wastewater treatment are prospected.     

溶气浮选技术在某油田污水处理中的应用研究

对气浮技术用于处理江苏某油田采出水进行现场调试和运行,分析了影响浮选除油效果的因素。该工艺适用于油水密度差小、乳化程度高的采出水处理,大量污油在气浮选工段被去除,除油效率达90％以上,提高了回收污油质量,减少大量的污油排出,延长了过滤罐滤料的使用周期,减轻过滤罐的生产负荷,为高乳化含油污水处理提供了可借鉴的经验。     

Synthesis and antitumoral activity of gelatin/polyoxometalate hybrid nanoparticles

Surfactant-free gelatin/heptamolybdate (HM) hybrid nanoparticles are prepared by a simple and environmentally friendly approach utilizing the electrostatic interaction between anionic HM and the zwitterionic gelatin. The obtained nanoparticles have a tunable size and very high HM loading content up to about 70%. In vitro and in vivo experiments prove that the gelatin/HM hybrid nanoparticles exhibit significantly better antitumor activity than plain ammonium heptamolybdate solution. Therefore, the gelatin/HM hybrid nanoparticles reported here may serve as a prototype platform for polymer/polyoxometalate (POM) hybrid nanoparticles as cancer treatment agents and hence open up more opportunities to maximize the potential of POM-based pharmaceutical agents.