Weak logarithmic Sobolev inequalities and entropic convergence

In this paper we introduce and study a weakened form of logarithmic Sobolev inequalities in connection with various others functional inequalities (weak Poincaré inequalities, general Beckner inequalities, etc.). We also discuss the quantitative behaviour of relative entropy along a symmetric diffusion semi-group. In particular, we exhibit an example where Poincaré inequality can not be used for deriving entropic convergence whence weak logarithmic Sobolev inequality ensures the result.      

Sur les solutions bornées et presque périodiques des équations et inéquations d'évolution

Summary We show some existence et uniqueness theorems for the bounded and almost periodic solution of some non linear equations and inequalities of evolution.

---

---

lavoro eseguito usufruendo di una borsa di studio del C.N.R. presso l'Università di Parigi.

---

Entrata in Redazione il 25 giugno 1971.     

Stabilità delle soluzioni di disequazioni variazionali ellittiche e paraboliche quasi lineari

Riassunto In questo lavoro, si studia, per una classe di operatori quasi-lineari, il problema della dipendenza simultanea dai vincoli, dai coefficienti dell'operatore e dai termini noti delle soluzioni di disequazioni variazionali ellittiche e delle soluzioni forti di disequazioni variazionali paraboliche. L'esistenza di queste ultime è consequenza dei risultati precedenti.

---

Summary We study the problem of the dependence from the data of the solutions of quasilinear elliptic variational inequalities. We also consider the case of the strong solutions of parabolic variational inequalities, whose existence has been proved as a consequence of the previous results.

---

---

Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito del G.N.A.F.A.—C.N.R.     

Asymptotic equivalence of a linear system of impulsive differential equations and a system of impulsive differential-difference equations

In the present paper theorems on asymptotic equivalence of a linear system of impulsive differential equations and a system of impulsive differential-difference equations are proved by the help of integral inequalities of Gronwall-Bellman type.

---

Sunto Usando delle disequaglianze di tipo Gronwall-Bellman sono dimostrati dei teoremi sull’equivalenza asintotica tra sistemi lineari di equazioni differenziali con impulsi e sistemi con impulsi di equazioni differenziali-differenze.

     

Moser Type Inequalities for Higher-Order Derivatives in Lorentz Spaces

Sharp constants are exhibited in exponential inequalities corresponding to the limiting case of the Sobolev inequalities in Lorentz-Sobolev spaces of arbitrary order.      

An integral recursive inequality and applications

An integral recursive inequality for two functions is obtained. It is used to describe the equality cases in the related inequalities. The applications involve some bi-Hermitian forms, integral transformations, and confluent hypergeometric functions.      

On some inequalities for the Bernoulli numbers

In modo elementare si migliorano sensibilmente alcune diseguaglianze recentemente stabilite da D. J. Leeming sui numeri di Bernoulli [3].     

On a class of singular nonlinear parabolic variational inequalities

Summary We study a class of singular or degenerate parabolic variational inequalities, containing some nonlinear operators. We prove an existence and uniqueness result for weak solutions, in the framework of suitable Banach weighted spaces.

---

Sunto Si studia una classe di disequazioni variazionali paraboliche singolari o degeneri, contenenti operatori non lineari. Si dimostra un risultato di esistenza e unicità per soluzioni deboli, nell'ambito di opportuni spazi di Banach con peso.

---

---

This work was supported in part by the «Istituto di Analisi Numerica del C.N.R.» (Pavia, Italy), the G.N.A.F.A. of the C.N.R. and the Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione (Italy) (through 60% and 40% grants).     

An inexact logarithmic-quadratic proximal augmented Lagrangian method for a class of constrained variational inequalities

The augmented Lagrangian method is attractive in constraint optimizations. When it is applied to a class of constrained variational inequalities, the sub-problem in each iteration is a nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP). By introducing a logarithmic-quadratic proximal term, the sub-NCP becomes a system of nonlinear equations, which we call the LQP system. Solving a system of nonlinear equations is easier than the related NCP, because the solution of the NCP has combinatorial properties. In this paper, we present an inexact logarithmic-quadratic proximal augmented Lagrangian method for a class of constrained variational inequalities, in which the LQP system is solved approximately under a rather relaxed inexactness criterion. The generated sequence is Fejér monotone and the global convergence is proved. Finally, some numerical test results for traffic equilibrium problems are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the method.      

On mixed problem for parabolic variational inequalities

Summary We give an existence-uniqueness result for the parabolic variational inequality (1.3) and we apply this result to mixed problem for parabolic variational inequalities and to parabolic quasi-variational inequalities with constraints on the boundary.

---

Sunto. Si dà un risultato di esistenza ed unicità per la disequazione variazionale parabolica (1.3) e si applica tale risultato al problema misto per disequazioni variazionali paraboliche e a disequazioni quasi variazionali paraboliche con vincolo sulla frontiera.

---

---

Entrata in Redazione il 7 giugno 1976.

---

Politecnico di Milano, Istituto di Matematica (Analisi); lavoro eseguito nell'ambito del gruppo G.N.A.F.A. del C.N.R.     

Frontiere minimali con ostacoli

Riassunto Recentemente diversi autori (v. [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]) si sono interessati di problemi di esistenza e di regolarità di soluzioni di problemi variazionali verificanti diseguaglianze. In questo articolo considereremo il caso delle ipersuperfici minimali (di area minima), più precisamente delle frontiere minimali nel senso diDe Giorgi (v. [2] o [3]). Il risultato di regolarità, che è quello che ci pare più interessante, è grosso modo il seguente:frontiere minimali rispetto ad un ostacolo di classe C ¹ sono di classe C¹ in un intorno dell'ostacolo stesso. Il Teorema 2 del § 3 contiene l'enunciato preciso di tale risultato. Nel § 2 si fanno alcune considerazioni sulla validità del teorema di Bernstein per le frontiere minimali, in esso si prova (v. il Teorema 1) che un insieme avente frontiera non vuota minimale inR ⁿ e contenente un semispazio è esso stesso un semispazio. Tale risultato serve per la dimostrazione del teorema 2. Nel § 1 sono contenuti alcuni complementi alla teoria delle frontiere minimali.

---

Résumé On considère le problème des hypersurfaces minimales en présence d'obstacles. On prouve le résultat de regularité suivant: ?les hypersurfaces minimales en présence d'obstacles de classeC ¹ sont de classeC ¹ dans un environ de l'obstacle?.

---

---

Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito dell'attività dei gruppi di ricerca del C.N.R. nell'anno 1970.     

‘Universal’ inequalities for the eigenvalues of the Hodge de Rham Laplacian

We obtain ‘universal’ inequalities for the eigenvalues of the Laplacian acting on differential forms of a Euclidean compact submanifold. These inequalities generalize the Yang inequality concerning the eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian of a bounded Euclidean domain.      

Inequalities for two type potential operators on differential forms

The purpose of this paper is to derive some strong-type inequalities for convolution type potential operator applied on differential forms. Caccioppoli-type inequalities for integral type potential operator acting on A-harmonic tensor are also obtained.     

Quantitative property A, Poincaré inequalities, Lp-compression and Lp-distortion for metric measure spaces

We introduce a quantitative version of Property A in order to estimate the L ^p -compressions of a metric measure space X. We obtain various estimates for spaces with sub-exponential volume growth. This quantitative property A also appears to be useful to yield upper bounds on the L ^p -distortion of finite metric spaces. Namely, we obtain new optimal results for finite subsets of homogeneous Riemannian manifolds. We also introduce a general form of Poincaré inequalities that provide constraints on compressions, and lower bounds on distortion. These inequalities are used to prove the optimality of some of our results.      

Inequalities for Functions with Higher Monotonicities

We consider real functions on [a, b] for which some derivatives have constant sign. For these functions we obtain Popoviciu and Favard-Berwald type inequalities as well as converse Holder inequalities.     

Kirwan-Novikov inequalities on a manifold with boundary

We extend the Novikov Morse-type inequalities for closed 1-forms in 2 directions. First, we consider manifolds with boundary. Second, we allow a very degenerate structure of the critical set of the form, assuming only that the form is non-degenerated in the sense of Kirwan. In particular, we obtain a generalization of a result of Floer about the usual Morse inequalities on a manifold with boundary. We also obtain an equivariant version of our inequalities.

Our proof is based on an application of the Witten deformation technique. The main novelty here is that we consider the neighborhood of the critical set as a manifold with a cylindrical end. This leads to a considerable simplification of the local analysis. In particular, we obtain a new analytic proof of the Morse-Bott inequalities on a closed manifold.

     

Pitt and Boas inequalities for Fourier and Hankel transforms

We prove Pitt and Boas inequalities for products of radial functions and spherical harmonics in Rⁿ${\mathbb{R}}^n$. In the process, we obtain upper and lower estimates of the operator norm of the Hankel transform with power weights. Our inequalities are sharp in some specific cases.     

Self-adaptive methods for mixed quasi-variational inequalities

It is well known that the variational inequalities involving the nonlinear term φ are equivalent to the fixed-point problems and the resolvent equations. In this paper, we use these alternative equivalent formulations to suggest and analyze some new self-adaptive iterative methods for solving mixed quasi-variational inequalities. Our results can be viewed as significant extensions of the previously known results for mixed quasi-variational inequalities. An example is given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.     

Sharp error estimates for the numerical differentiation formulas on the classes of entire functions of exponential type

We establish sharp error estimates for some numerical di.erentiation formulas on the classes of entire functions of exponential type. The estimates strengthen some classical sharp inequalities of approximation theory.     

A new affine invariant for polytopes and Schneider's projection problem

New affine invariant functionals for convex polytopes are introduced. Some sharp affine isoperimetric inequalities are established for the new functionals. These new inequalities lead to fairly strong volume estimates for projection bodies. Two of the new affine isoperimetric inequalities are extensions of Ball's reverse isoperimetric inequalities.