有机多层白光发光二极管

有机多层白光发光二极管贝尔实验室的Ｄｏｄａｂａｌａｐｕｒ等人报道了一种新型的有机多层白光发光二极管。他们利用８－羟基喹啉铝（ＡｌＱ）作为绿光发光层，ＤＣＭ１作为红光发光染料，并合成了系列新的三芳基取代的ｏｘａｚｏｌｅ型蓝光发光染料，经过ＴＰＤ／ｏｘａ...     

白光有机电致发光器件中Rubrene超薄层的发光性能

以黄光荧光染料5,6,11,12-Tetraphenylnaphthacene(Rubrene)作为超薄层, 制备了白光有机电致发光器件, 并采用改变荧光超薄层厚度的方法, 通过表征器件的电致发光光谱, 分析了超薄层中染料浓度对器件性能的影响. 研究结果表明, 在荧光染料Rubrene的厚度为0.3 nm时, 器件可以同时实现黄光和蓝光的等强度发射, 从而得到性能优良的白光器件, 最高亮度达到3700 cd/m², 颜色坐标为(0.32, 0.33). 器件中蓝光来自N,N′-Bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N′- biphenyl-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine(NPB)的电致发光, 而器件优良的光电性能是由于Rubrene分子直接载流子陷阱(DCT)效应和NPB分子向Rubrene分子传递能量的协同作用所致.     

N,N,N＇,N＇-四苄基取代方块菁染料LB膜研究

方块菁染料在有机光导材料^[1,2]、有机太阳能存储^[2,3]、光记录^[4、有机光盘中红外吸收器^[4]以及光纤识别功能薄膜等领域中有着广泛应用前景.     

基于抑制扭转的分子内电荷转移(TICT)提升有机小分子荧光染料亮度及光稳定性※

有机小分子荧光染料研究已有170余年历史, 其结构和性能随着合成方法和应用需求的发展而不断革新, 已被广泛应用于荧光标记、探针和生物成像中. 近年来发展起来的超分辨荧光成像技术对有机小分子荧光染料的亮度、稳定性和开关性能等均提出了更高的要求, 这为染料发展带来了新的机遇. 当前, 化学工作者也将更多精力聚焦在染料结构改造提升有机小分子荧光染料的亮度与光稳定性. 激发态扭转的分子内电荷转移(TICT)是有机小分子荧光染料中主要的非辐射衰减途径之一. 因而, 抑制TICT能够很好地提升染料的亮度和光稳定性, 并成为目前针对超分辨成像技术发展高亮度和光稳定性的有机小分子荧光染料的主要方法. 本综述首先简要回顾了TICT的机制和发展过程, 而后重点介绍近些年通过抑制TICT策略来提升不同结构有机小分子荧光染料光谱性能方面的进展.     

嵌入硅基多孔氧化铝中的荧光染料的发光性质研究

3种不同的荧光染料被分别嵌入硅基多孔氧化铝模板中,并且在室温下得到了蓝光、绿光和红光波长的荧光发射.实验中同时观测到上述荧光光谱的蓝移现象.研究结果表明,荧光染料沉积在不同的模板(如硅基多孔氧化铝、多孔硅)中,其相互作用的机理是不同的.模板发光机制的差异将直接影响荧光染料的发光性质.     

具有不同取代基的吡唑啉衍生物的光致发光和电致发光

在合成两种具有不同取代基的吡唑啉衍生物PD1和PD2的基础上,研究了不同取代基效应对其光致发光和电致发光性质的影响.结果表明甲氧基取代的化合物PD2较N,N-二甲氨基取代的化合物PD1具有更高的荧光量子产率.而在作为有机电致发光器件的掺杂染料,当其器件结构为ITO/TPD/TPBI:2% PD/TP-BI/Mg:Ag时,PD1掺杂染料却有着较PD2更高的电致发光效率.当器件的电流密度为420 mA/cm²时,掺杂染料为PD1的器件在487 nm处发射蓝光,其发光亮度为1224 cd/m².     

新型全息用光致聚合物的研究

研制了一种新型全息用光致聚合物材料,其成膜树脂为胺固化环氧体系,全息记录组分为光引发自由基聚合体系.用新合成的高效光敏染料DEAMC做光敏剂,通过配方调整,制备了一系列的样片,以457 nm的蓝光为记录光,632.8 nm的红光为探针光,研究了样片的衍射效率、灵敏度、折射率调制度等全息性能.结果表明,通过调整材料的配方组成、各组分的含量及样片的膜厚等因素,可以优化样片的全息性能.对样片的信噪比损失(LSNR)测试结果表明,在全息存储的曝光量范围内对样片曝光引起的图像信噪比损失仅有0.40 dB,说明样片的光学质量高,在全息存储上将具有很好的应用前景.     

吲哚菁染料的研究进展

吲哚菁染料以其特有的结构, 已成为在光谱增感、光盘存储、生物分析、太阳能电池等方面应用广泛的染料品种之一. 综述了十五年来吲哚菁染料的合成进展, 对其应用现状作了简要介绍.     

一种若丹宁蓝光份菁染料的合成、晶体结构及光谱性质

以N-甲基-2-吡咯甲醛和若单宁为原料,在哌啶催化下合成了一种若单宁蓝光份菁染料:5-(1-甲基-2-吡咯次甲基)若丹宁,采用1HNMR,IR,UV-vis及元素分析对染料进行了结构表征,并采用X射线单晶衍射法测定了该染料的晶体结构.研究了该染料在不同溶剂中的紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱.实验结果表明:该染料属于单斜晶系,为C2/c空间群,其晶胞参数为a=1.6736(3)nm,b=0.74588(11)nm,c=1.6567(3)nm,F(000)=928,V=2.0637(6)nm3,Z=8,Dc=1.444g/cm3,μ=0.482mm-1.染料分子中的π…π作用、N—H…O氢键及弱的S…S作用使分子在晶胞中密集堆积排列.该染料在常规溶剂(氯仿、二甲亚砜、水、丙酮、乙醇和甲醇)中的最大吸收波长及摩尔消光系数分别在428.0～443.5nm和1.8×104～2.1×104dm3·mol-1·cm-1范围内,显示出该染料在蓝光区有较强的吸收.     

金属有机框架在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

为了获得高效率的染料敏化太阳能电池,其光阳极应该具有大的比表面积,以吸附足量的染料,获得很强的光捕获能力.从这个角度而言,将具有很大比表面积的金属有机框架材料引入到染料敏化太阳能电池的体系中,无疑是一种有益的探索.本文简介了金属有机框架材料在光伏领域的应用,并重点介绍了我们课题组在利用金属有机框架材料方面进行的一些探索,包括光阳极薄膜的处理、利用金属有机框架材料作为前驱体制备光阳极材料和光散射层.最后,本文对金属有机框架材料应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中的局限性及前景做了简要的展望.     

KARI酶及其抑制剂

酮醇酸还原异构酶(Keto-Acid Reducto－Isomerase, KARI或称作乙酰羟基酸异构还原酶, Aceto-Hydroxyacid Isomero-Reductase, AHIR)是植物、微生物中的支链氨基酸生物合成途径中第二步的关键性酶。由于哺乳动物和人体内并不存在这种酶,因此靶向KARI酶的抑制剂具有安全、高效等特点,成为农用除草剂以及医药抗真菌药物的一个引人注目的研究方向。本文综述了KARI的酶学,KARI抑制剂及其抑制机理和理论研究进展,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

Solid‐state lasers based on inorganic–organic hybrid materials obtained by combined sol–gel polymer technology

Sol–gel glass matrices in which organic laser dyes are embedded can be used as the gain medium in solid‐state, continuously tunable lasers. Such lasers are very simple to construct, and potentially very compact and efficient. Unlike the commonly used liquid dye laser systems, solid‐state dye lasers can be made mechanically robust and portable. In this article, the development of sol–gel/dye lasers, including the sol–gel technology, dye properties, and laser operation, is reviewed. In addition, new solid‐state hosts (such as polyurethane/silica ORMOSILs), additional organic dyes (cyanines), and new studies on the stability of the dyes are presented. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of Surfactants Using Ion Pair Extraction of Near-infrared Laser Dyes

Abstract

Ionic surfactants and near-infrared laser dyes formed complexes which were extracted into organic solvents as ion pairs. Surfactants were determined spectrophotometrically by measuring the near-infrared absorbance and fluorescence of the ion pair in the organic solvent. Several of the commercially available near infrared dyes have been found suitable for surfactant determination in water using this technique. The excess near-infrared dye coextracted into the organic solvent was determined by blank extractions. The calibration curves were linear within two orders of magnitude of surfactant concentrations. Non-linear calibration curves are obtained for wider concentration range of surfactants. This method using the recently developed near-infrared laser diode intracavity technique was applied to the determination of SDS in water. Lower detection limits and ease of operation are the major advantages of using this new laser diode technique. The extraction efficiency of different solvent systems was evaluated.     

Pyrenoimidazole‐Based Deep‐Blue‐Emitting Materials: Optical,Electrochemical, and Electroluminescent Characteristics

A series of pyrenoimidazoles that contained various functional chromophores, such as anthracene, pyrene, triphenylamine, carbazole, and fluorene, were synthesized and characterized by optical, electrochemical, and theoretical studies. The absorption spectra of the dyes are dominated by electronic transitions that arise from the pyrenoimidazole core and the additional chromophore. All of the dyes exhibited blue‐light photoluminescence with moderate‐to‐high quantum efficiencies. They also displayed high thermal stability and their thermal‐decomposition temperatures fell within the range 462–512 °C; the highest decomposition temperature was recorded for a carbazole‐containing dye. The oxidation propensity of the dyes increased on the introduction of electron‐rich chromophores, such as triphenylamine or carbazole. The application of selected dyes that featured additional chromophores such as pyrene, carbazole, and triphenylamine as blue‐emissive dopants into multilayered organic light‐emitting diodes with a 4,4′‐bis(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)biphenyl (CBP) host was investigated. Devices that were based on triphenylamine‐ and carbazole‐containing dyes exhibited deep‐blue emission (CIE 0.157, 0.054 and 0.163, 0.041), whereas a device that was based on a pyrene‐containing dye showed a bright‐blue emission (CIE 0.156, 0.135).     

New 8-amino-BODIPY derivatives: surpassing laser dyes at blue-edge wavelengths

The development of highly efficient and stable blue‐emitting dyes to overcome some of the most important shortcomings of available chromophores is of great technological importance for modern optical, analytical, electronic, and biological applications. Here, we report the design, synthesis and characterization of new tailor‐made BODIPY dyes with efficient absorption and emission in the blue spectral region. The major challenge is the effective management of the electron‐donor strength of the substitution pattern, in order to modulate the emission of these novel dyes over a wide spectral range (430–500 nm). A direct relationship between the electron‐donor character of the substituent and the extension of the spectral hypsochromic shift is seen through the energy increase of the LUMO state. However, when the electron‐donor character of the substituent is high enough, an intramolecular charge‐transfer process appears to decrease the fluorescence ability of these dyes, especially in polar media. Some of the reported novel BODIPY dyes provide very high fluorescence quantum yields, close to unity, and large Stokes shifts, leading to highly efficient tunable dye lasers in the blue part of the spectrum; this so far remains an unexploited region with BODIPYs. In fact, under demanding transversal pumping conditions, the new dyes lase with unexpectedly high lasing efficiencies of up to 63 %, and also show high photostabilities, outperforming the laser action of other dyes considered as benchmarks in the same spectral region. Considering the easy synthetic protocol and the wide variety of possible substituents, we are confident that this strategy could be successfully extended for the development of efficient blue‐edge emitting materials and devices, impelling biophotonic and optoelectronic applications.     

Organic Dyes in Laser Technology

Laser technology has been developed to a very high level since 1960. Significant advances have been made possible only by the use of organic dyes as optical shutters for the production of giant pulses. Ultrashort pulses in the picosecond range were first produced in 1966; their measurement was greatly facilitated by the use of organic dyes. Probably the most important recent advance in the laser field is the dye laser, which was first described in 1966, and in which the active medium is a solution of an organic dye.     

The nature of chromaticity of triphenylmethane,xanthene, phthalocyanine,and thiazine dyes

Works concerned with the origin of coloration of organic compounds are reviewed. Proofs are given that individual triphenylmethane, xanthene, phthalocyanine, and thiazine dye molecules do not absorb light in the visible range and are not chromogens, that is, do not determine compound chromaticity. Individual molecules of these dyes should be considered chromophoric particles, necessary but insufficient for coloration generation. Elementary chromogens of the dyes under consideration are dimers (supramolecular particles). The blue coloration of aromatic compound azulene has a similar origin.     

Blue‐to‐Orange Color‐Tunable Laser Emission from Tailored Boron‐Dipyrromethene Dyes

A series of meso‐substituted boron‐bipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes are synthesized and their laser and photophysical properties systematically studied. Laser emission covering a wide visible spectral region (from blue to orange) is obtained by just changing the electron donor character of the heteroatom at position 8. The additional presence of methyl groups at positions 3 and 5 results in dyes with a photostability similar to that of the unsubstituted dye but with much improved efficiency. Correlation of the lasing properties of the different dyes to their photophysical properties provides inklings to define synthetic strategies of new BODIPY dyes with enhanced efficiency and modulated wavelength emission over the visible spectral region.     

New scheme for electrochemical detection of DNA based on electrocatalytic oxidation of NADH

A new electrocatalytic scheme for the detection of DNA is described. This scheme relies on the different interactions of single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides with the organic dyes methylene blue, thionin, azure A, azure B, toluidine blue O, brilliant cresyl blue and neutral red, which in addition can act as NADH catalysts. This catalytic activity can be used for amplifying differentiation between duplex and single-stranded DNA. Pyrolytic graphite electrodes modified with adsorbed dsDNA–organic dye complexes gave higher electrocatalytic NADH oxidation currents than those measured with electrodes modified with adsorbed ssDNA–organic dye. This difference is maximum for brilliant cresyl blue. These results suggest that the proposed scheme may be useful for the detection of DNA hybridisation and damage.     

Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Sargassum horneri extract as catalyst for industrial dye degradation

This study focuses on the green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using the marine algae extract, Sargassum horneri, as well as the degradation of organic dyes using biosynthesized nanoparticles as catalysts. The phytochemicals of the brown algae Sargassum horneri acted as reducing and capping agents for nanoparticle synthesis. Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the biosynthesized nanoparticles. The green-synthesized SH-AgNPs and SH-AuNPs exhibited high catalytic activity for degradation of organic dyes, such as methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange. The reduction reactions of dyes are based on pseudo-first-order kinetics.