On conjugate functions and trigonometric series

The present paper is an abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. The dissertation was defended on June 30, 1967 before the Academic Council of the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. The official opponents were Professor A. V. Efimov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor V. A. Il'in, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and Professor G. P. Tolstov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 695–702, December, 1967.     

软件项目风险管理方法的比较与分析

本首先指出了传统的软件管理方法的不足，论述了开展软件项目风险管理的必要性。然后，从基本理论、前沿研究、实践应用、辅助工具和工作标准几个方面，综述了国内外取得的研究成果，继而就2002年来笔收集到的献资料，从成果形式(专、技术报告和论)和内容(一般理论、基本模型、辨识方法、评估方法、辅助工具、经验总结和其它)两方面进行了比较分析，最后结合我国当前的社会和技术环境，提出了应采取树立企业风险化、共享国外成果、建设风险信息数据库和“软”、“硬”结合的四项建议。     

Spinorial Formulations of Graph Problems

Beginning with an arbitrary finite graph, various spinor spaces are constructed within Clifford algebras of appropriate dimension. Properties of spinors within these spaces then reveal information about the structure of the graph. Spinor polynomials are introduced and the notions of degrees of polynomials and Fock subspace dimensions are tied together with matchings, cliques, independent sets, and cycle covers of arbitrary finite graphs. In particular, matchings, independent sets, cliques, cycle covers, and cycles of arbitrary length are all enumerated by dimensions of spinor subspaces, while sizes of maximal cliques and independent sets are revealed by degrees of spinor polynomials. The spinor adjacency operator is introduced and used to enumerate cycles of arbitrary length and to compute graph circumference and girth.     

细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学建模与分析

细胞和生物组织需要适应人体内复杂的力学生物学环境,一方面要被动地承受外部环境中的机械力,另一方面在组织生长、修复等生理过程中要积极主动地产生机械力调整自身的结构和形态.细胞和生物组织的力学性质主要由细胞骨架和细胞外基质决定,它们在微观上都是生物聚合物交联形成的复杂的、各向异性的三维网络结构.这方面早期的力学研究主要集中在通过各种网络模型,理解其普遍存在的非线性响应和硬化行为.近年来随着实验方法、理论建模和计算机模拟技术的大幅进步,这些生命介质的力学性质及其潜在的力学机理得到了更深入的理解.该文回顾了近些年细胞骨架和细胞外基质研究方面取得的部分进展,主要侧重动态交联属性、生物聚合物力学化学耦合赋予的主动材料属性、交联网络塑性和断裂,以及力学训练引发的自适应网络重构.发展细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学模型与计算方法,分析该类生命介质的复杂力学行为,理解这些力学行为的潜在机制,可以加深我们对细胞和组织的力学生物学认识,并为人造生物材料和细胞组织工程提供基础和参考.     

Multivariate Polynomials,Duality, and Structured Matrices

We first review the basic properties of the well known classes of Toeplitz, Hankel, Vandermonde, and other related structured matrices and reexamine their correlation to operations with univariate polynomials. Then we define some natural extensions of such classes of matrices based on their correlation to multivariate polynomials. We describe the correlation in terms of the associated operators of multiplication in the polynomial ring and its dual space, which allows us to generalize these structures to the multivariate case. Multivariate Toeplitz, Hankel, and Vandermonde matrices, Bezoutians, algebraic residues, and relations between them are studied. Finally, we show some applications of this study to rootfinding problems for a system of multivariate polynomial equations, where the dual space, algebraic residues, Bezoutians, and other structured matrices play an important role. The developed techniques enable us to obtain a better insight into the major problems of multivariate polynomial computations and to improve substantially the known techniques of the study of these problems. In particular, we simplify and/or generalize the known reduction of the multivariate polynomial systems to the matrix eigenproblem, the derivation of the Bézout and Bernshtein bounds on the number of the roots, and the construction of multiplication tables. From the algorithmic and computational complexity point, we yield acceleration by one order of magnitude of the known methods for some fundamental problems of solving multivariate polynomial systems of equations.     

中国煤层气的产业化进程与发展建议

煤层气产业在中国能源建设中具有重要战略地位。中国煤层气勘探开发历经矿井瓦斯抽排利用、现代煤层气理论技术的引进发展与成功应用、商业化开发试验及产业化发展（初期）4个阶段。由于在煤层气地质基础理论、勘探技术方法、开发工艺技术、集输利用与管理制度等方面的发展创新、系统集成,我国已有能力大规模发展煤层气产业,这在我国能源发展战略上是非常难得的历史机遇。当前,为了加快煤层气产业的发展,必须加强统筹规划,发挥多种积极性;加强煤层气地质研究、提高对区域勘探的指导与目标评价水平;开展高效低成本开发工艺技术攻关;发展煤层气产品集输和加工利用;继续跟踪国外煤层气前沿理论技术,加强技术交流与合作研究。     

Mapping deontic operators to abductive expectations

Deontic concepts and operators have been widely used in several fields where representation of norms is needed, including legal reasoning and normative multi-agent systems. The EU-funded SOCS project has provided a language to specify the agent interaction in open multi-agent systems. The language is equipped with a declarative semantics based on abductive logic programming, and an operational semantics consisting of a (sound and complete) abductive proof procedure. In the SOCS framework, the specification is used directly as a program for the verification procedure. In this paper, we propose a mapping of the usual deontic operators (obligations, prohibition, permission) to language entities, called expectations, available in the SOCS social framework. Although expectations and deontic operators can be quite different from a philosophical viewpoint, we support our mapping by showing a similarity between the abductive semantics for expectations and the Kripke semantics that can be given to deontic operators. The main purpose of this work is to make the computational machinery from the SOCS social framework available for the specification and verification of systems by means of deontic operators. Marco Alberti received his laurea degree in Electronic Engineering in 2001 and his Ph.D. in Information Engineering in 2005 from the University of Ferrara, Italy. His research interests include constraint logic programming and abductive logic programming, applied in particular to the specification and verification of multi-agent systems. He has been involved as a research assistants in national and European research projects. He currently has a post-doc position in the Department of Engineering at the University of Ferrara. Marco Gavanelli is currently assistant professor in the Department of Engineering at the University of Ferrara, Italy. He graduated in Computer Science Engineering in 1998 at the University of Bologna, Italy. He got his Ph.D. in 2002 at Ferrara University. His research interest include Artificial Intelligence, Constraint Logic Programming, Multi-criteria Optimisation, Abductive Logic Programming, Multi-Agent Systems. He is a member of ALP (the Association for Logic Programming) and AI*IA (the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence). He has organised workshops, and is author of more than 30 publications between journals and conference proceedings. Evelina Lamma received her degree in Electronic Engineering from University of Bologna, Italy, in 1985 and her Ph.D. degree in Computer Science in 1990. Currently she is Full Professor at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Ferrara where she teaches Artificial Intelligence and Foundations of Computer Science. Her research activity focuses around: – programming languages (logic languages, modular and object-oriented programming); – artificial intelligence; – knowledge representation; – intelligent agents and multi-agent systems; – machine learning. Her research has covered implementation, application and theoretical aspects. She took part to several national and international research projects. She was responsible of the research group at the Dipartimento di Ingegneria of the University of Ferrara in the UE ITS-2001-32530 Project (named SOCS), in the the context of the UE V Framework Programme - Global Computing Action. Paola Mello received her degree in Electronic Engineering from the University of Bologna, Italy, in 1982, and her Ph.D. degree in Computer Science in 1989. Since 1994 she has been Full Professor. She is enrolled, at present, at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Bologna (Italy), where she teaches Artificial Intelligence. Her research activity focuses on programming languages, with particular reference to logic languages and their extensions, artificial intelligence, knowledge representation, expert systems with particular emphasis on medical applications, and multi-agent systems. Her research has covered implementation, application and theoretical aspects and is presented in several national and international publications. She took part to several national and international research projects in the context of computational logic. Giovanni Sartor is Marie-Curie professor of Legal informatics and Legal Theory at the European University Institute of Florence and professor of Computer and Law at the University of Bologna (on leave), after obtaining a PhD at the European University Institute (Florence), working at the Court of Justice of the European Union (Luxembourg), being a researcher at the Italian National Council of Research (ITTIG, Florence), and holding the chair in Jurisprudence at Queen’s University of Belfast (where he now is honorary professor). He is co-editor of the Artificial Intelligence and Law Journal and has published widely in legal philosophy, computational logic, legislation technique, and computer law. Paolo Torroni is Assistant Professor in computing at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Bologna, Italy. He obtained a PhD in Computer Science and Electronic Engineering in 2002, with a dissertation on logic-based agent reasoning and interaction. His research interests mainly focus on computational logic and multi-agent systems research, including logic programming, abductive and hypothetical reasoning, agent interaction, dialogue, negotiation, and argumentation. He is in the steering committee of the CLIMA and DALT international workshops and of the Italian logic programming interest group GULP.     

Fluid polymeric systems and their fillings. 2. Polymers characterized by their molecular mass distribution

Conclusions Much progress has been made in recent years toward understanding the mechanism of anomalous viscosity, elasticity, and the regularities of flow of melts, solutions, and filled systems as well as the mechanisms of periodic shear of finite amplitude. Nonlinear phenomenological models of viscoelastic fluids have been developed. The review does not include the group of problems related to combinations of stationary flow and linear periodic deformations, and combinations of linear periodic deformations with nonlinear ones. Nor have we discussed the development of methods for predicting the effects of extrudate swelling, manifestation of viscoelasticity in systems filled with short fibers, and nonisothermal flow conditions. The review does not contain new data obtained by using laser anemometry and double light refraction. The nature of the resistance in a capillary in the range of nonsteady flow has not been discussed either. The progress in these subjects is dealt with in this journal, "Mekhanika Polimerov." Insufficient attention has been paid to the rheology of viscoelastic biological fluids (blood, synovial fluids, etc.) and their substitutes, to the hydrodynamics of these liquids, and to the problem of pulsed flow. Little work has been done on the rheology of mixtures of melts of different polymers. It is also necessary to investigate the deformation of solutions and melts under superhigh velocities and under high pressures as well as the effect of constant and varying magnetic and electromagnetic fields on the mechanical flow characteristics of polymeric fluids.The second part of a paper by G. V. Vinogradov and L. A. Faitel'son (see [1]), submitted to the Third All-Union Conference on Polymer Mechanics, Riga, 1976.Institute of Polymer Mechanics, Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, Riga. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 1, pp. 113–124, January–February, 1978.     

技术创新的评价模型研究

国内外至今未对技术创新形成严格统一的定义，如何界定技术创新成为理论界争论的焦点，尤其是对技术创新中“技术”的限定和技术创新成功实现的标准与界定方面存在着分歧。为了淡化技术创新的神秘性和推进技术创新的社会化，本从界定技术创新是否成功的角度出发，通过对比技术创新前后的经济效益和社会效益的差异，利用SAVAGE的期望效用理论和方法，提出了技术创新的评价模型。通过该评价模型，对技术创新的界定有一个定量的评判，对任何一种简单的技术进步和方法的改进都可以进行评价和界定，从而促进技术创新的不断发展。     

Bitopological spaces

The paper is, in essence, a monograph devoted to the theory of bitopological spaces and its applications. Not exhausting the entire subject, it reflects basic ideas and methods of the theory. The Introduction gives an idea of the origins of the basic notions, contents, methods, and problems both of the classical (in the spirit of Kelly) and of the general theory of bitopological spaces. The classical theory is described rather schematically in Chapter I, only the theory of extensions of topological and bitopological spaces and the theory of completion of uniform spaces are presented in more detail. The main focus is on the general theory of bitopological spaces (Chapter II). Notions, methods, and results presented here have no analogues in the classical theory. As applications, foundations of the theory of bitopological manifolds, in particular, bitopologically represented piecewise linear manifolds (Chapter III), and the foundations of the theory of bitopological groups are presented (Chapter IV). Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 242, 1997, pp. 7–216. Translated by A. A. Ivanov.     

空气中PM2.5的扩散和衰减模型

PM2.5的时空分布及其演变规律十分复杂.为刻画PM2.5的发生、扩散和衰减规律,提出点源、线源和面源叠加的多源模型描述区域内的多污染源对某一监测点的影响.考虑风力风速、太阳辐射强度、湿度等天气和季节因素以及重力、湍流扩散、分子扩散等对源强强度的影响,提出源衰减、湿沉积、化学迁移叠加衰减模型,用监测点的PM2.5浓度数据对污染源强度和衰减系数进行反演求解.针对西安市某些监测点处的PM2.5浓度突然增至数倍且延续数小时,建立污染扩散预测与评估方法,对提升前后污染源源强进行分析,给出重度污染区域,并用数据的人工统计定性验证模型的合理性.     

基于模糊FNN-ELECTRE法的国有商业银行竞争力评价

随着金融业全方位开放,国有商业银行已成为国家经济命脉的核心,其竞争力强弱关系着国家经济的繁荣与衰退。本文基于模糊FNN-ELECTRE方法建立国有商业银行竞争力评价模型,以因素神经网络理论(FNN)与ELECTRE融合方法为基础,以现有商业银行竞争力评价指标为着眼,把国有商业银行竞争力的评价体系从现实竞争力和潜在竞争力两个因素抽取为一级指标,以规模、质量、业务结构、效率、成长性五个因素设为二级指标。从实证的角度对银行A、银行B、银行C、银行D、银行E五大国有银行进行分析验证,对其属性值进行和谐性与非和谐性检验得出,银行B竞争能力最强,银行E竞争能力最弱,五大国有银行均有改进空间。     

The virtual design team: A computational model of project organizations

Large scale and multidisciplinary engineering projects (e.g., design of a hospital building) are often complex. They usually involve many interdependent activities and require intensive coordination among actors (i.e., designers) to deal with activity interdependencies. To make such projects more effective and efficient, one needs to understand how coordination requirements are generated and what coordination mechanisms should be applied for given project situations. Our research on the Virtual Design Team (VDT) attempts to develop a computational model of project organizations to analyze how activity interdependencies raise coordination needs and how organization design and communication tools change team coordination capacity and project performance. The VDT model is built based on contingency theory (Galbraith, 1977) and our observations about collaborative and multidisciplinary work in large, complex projects. VDT explicitly models actors, activities, communication tools and organizations. Based on our extended information-processing view of organizations, VDT simulates the actions of, and interactions among actors as processes of attention allocation, capacity allocation, and communication. VDT evaluates organization performance by measuring emergent project duration, direct cost, and coordination quality. The VDT model has been tested internally, and evaluated externally through case-studies. We found three way qualitative consistency among predictions of the simulation model, of organization theory, and of experienced project managers. In this paper, we present the VDT model in detail and discuss some general issues involved in computational organization modeling, including level of abstraction of tasks and actors' reasoning, and model validation.     

Subjective Assessments and Objective Yardsticks: A Contribution to Risk Theory Inspired by the Philosophy of the East

The difference between the hope of expectation and mathematical hope, as pointed out by Daniel Bernoulli in 1738 and by Harald Westergaard in 1876, and its influence on the discussion of utility is considered.The subjective elements and the objective factors in cases of risks are taken up. A digest for the evaluation of major hazards as seen from the three viewpoints, the individual, relations between individuals and the relations between individual and surroundings, is discussed.As essential elements in the decision process, the importance of voluntary and involuntary risk, pareto optimization, the size of solidarity, the absolute size of the damage and the distrust of experts is pointed out in the paper in the evaluation of major hazards-in other words, a simultaneous application of multi-decision strategies, e.g. Bayes, min-max and Hurwitz criteria.The number of members standing shoulder-to-shoulder in the group is emphasized as a numerical factor in the evaluation.     

一类KdV-Burgers方程的奇摄动解与孤子解

讨论了一类具有大Reynolds数且弱频散性的KdV-Burgers方程, 在数学上表示为一类奇摄动KdV-Burgers方程.KdV-Burgers方程中含有的非线性项与频散项互补作用形成稳定向前传播的孤立子.通过数学分析, 描述了孤立子的传播途径和传播速度等物理量的发展变化规律.通过奇摄动展开方法, 构造了该问题的渐近解.首先,用Riemann-Earnshaw方法求得退化解, 得到了简单波, 该简单波波形中的任意一点与初始点都存在一个传播速度差, 这使得波在传播过程中波形不断畸变, 最终形成冲击波面, 即间断面, 在它的两侧质点的速度有一个跳跃, 且随时间不断变化;其次, 在退化解的间断曲面处做变量替换, 构造一种修正的行波变换, 得到了内解展开式的孤子解, 并证明了内外解的存在性与唯一性;最后,通过一致有界逆算子的存在性做了余项估计, 并得到渐近解的一致有效性.结果表明, KdV-Burgers方程在大Reynolds数且弱频散性的性质下,扰动集中在退化解的间断面附近,孤立子链接两侧质点,其传播途径不是时间与空间的线性形式,而是沿着退化解的间断面附近传播,形成稳定的波形.     

Multimaterial Lattice Structures With Thermally Programmable Mechanical Behaviors北大核心CSCD

传统的点阵结构一旦制备完成,其力学性能通常在使用寿命内保持不变。设计和制造具有环境适应特性的智能点阵结构,可编程地感知和响应外界变化(例如光强、压强、溶液、温度、电磁场、电化学激励),并在时间和空间上进行形状重构、模式转换和性能调控,仍然是人造材料研究领域重要的科学挑战。该文采用具有不同玻璃化转变温度和温度依赖性的多种聚合物材料,通过合理设计材料空间分布,提出了一类具有热可编程力学响应能力的多材料点阵结构。结合理论分析和有限元模拟,研究了组分材料相对刚度对多材料点阵结构的Poisson比、变形模式以及结构稳定性的影响。通过温度变化实现了对多材料点阵结构弹性常数、压溃响应和结构稳定性的调控,使多材料点阵结构表现出极大的热变形、超弹性和形状记忆效应。为设计和制造自适应保护装备、生物医学设备、航空航天领域的变形结构、柔性电子设备、自组装结构和可变形软体机器人等开辟了新途径。     

具有Bernoulli反馈且带有负顾客的PH/M/1排队系统

在PH/M/1排队模型中,引入了负顾客和Bernoulli反馈,并讨论了服务台容量为有限和无限两类模型,其中,模型一为服务台容量为无限的PH/M/1排队模型,利用拟生灭过程和矩阵几何解法得到了系统的转移速率矩阵,给出了系统正常返的充要条件,并得到了系统的稳态队长、忙期长度的拉普拉斯变换,以及系统的其它相关性能指标.模型二为服务台容量为有限的PH/M/1/N排队模型,同样使用拟生灭过程给出了马尔科夫过程的转移速率矩阵,并利用矩阵分析法进行求解,得到了该系统的稳态解和其它相关指标.     

带有能源的随机动态柯布—道格拉斯生产函数

在考虑能源作为投入要素和经济环境随机动态变化的情况下,将经典的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数推广到随机动态的形式.首先给出了随机动态C-D生产函数的随机微分方程形式,证明了该生产函数解的存在性和唯一性;其次,进一步分析了解的Markov性质和扩散性质,并分别利用漂移系数和扩散系数给出了产出弹性的计算公式.最后,还给出了经济增长...     

An estimate of the objective function optimum for the network Steiner problem

The study area is La Colacha sub-basins from Arroyos Menores basins, natural areas at West and South of Río Cuarto in Province of Córdoba of Argentina, fertile with loess soils and monsoon temperate climate, but with soil erosions including regressive gullies that degrade them progressively. Cultivated gently since some hundred 60 years coordinated action planning has become necessary to conserve lands while keeping good agro-production. Some of the authors were engineers trained here and other had former experience in Salta, Argentina, using a set of Decision Theory Methods, (DTM), to consider the possible systems of soil uses and actions to be recommended. After having improved data on soils and on hydrology for the study area, they have adapted as academic study these DTM for Arroyos Menores areas where gully erosions are severe, also intending to offer better view for the necessary planning to have policies of actions and uses, done by the local society decision and services, and in part by land owners. This paper concentrates on the application of a set of discrete multi-criteria models (MCDM), where alternatives were global, considering soil conservation and hydrologic management actions, and main types of use of soil, and where criteria were about the diverse consequences, grouped as environmental, economic, and social. As methods they have used for the sub areas PROMETHEE with sets of weights, comparing results with ELECTRE with same data and weights, and with AHP method needing comparisons of criteria by authors, getting somehow compatible results, but finding that the “weighted PROMETHEE II” was the more adapted for the present study. The system and results are very global, and are offered as indications for planning, that will require using detailed engineering and administration aspects for series of local singular actions or for management pursued in time.