基于L-半胱氨酸修饰的锰掺杂ZnS量子点应用于叶酸测定

以L-半胱氨酸为表面修饰剂制备了稳定性和水溶性均优的ZnS∶Mn2+纳米晶,并应用于叶酸的检测。在pH 7.4的KH2PO4-Na2HPO4 缓冲溶液中,叶酸的加入使ZnS∶Mn2+体系的荧光发生猝灭,荧光强度的变化与叶酸浓度呈良好的线性关系,其线性范围为1.0×10-6~7.0×10-5 mol?L-1 （4.4×10-4~3.1×10-2 g?L-1）,方法检出限为9.6×10-7 mol?L-1 （4.2×10-4 g?L-1）。该方法用于叶酸片剂和健康人尿液中叶酸的测定,结果满意。采用荧光光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱及X-ray光谱等研究了ZnS∶Mn2+纳米晶及其水溶液的特性,通过热力学参数对叶酸测定的可能机理进行了探讨。     

Synthesis of positively charged CdTe quantum dots and detection for uric acid

The CdTe dots (QDs) coated with 2-Mercaptoethylamine was prepared in aqueous solution and characterized with fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectra, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. When the λex=350 nm, the fluorescence peak of positively charged CdTe quantum dots is at 592 nm. The uric acid is able to quench their fluorescence. Under optimum conditions, the change of fluorescence intensity is linearly proportional to the concentration of uric acid in the range 0.4000-3.600 μmol L(-1), and the limit of detection calculated according to IUPAC definitions is 0.1030 μmol L(-1). Compared with routine method, the present method determines uric acid in human serum with satisfactory results. The mechanism of this strategy is due to the interaction of the tautomeric keto/hydroxyl group of uric acid and the amino group coated at the CdTe QDs.     

磁性量子点电致化学发光法测定李氏禾提取液中的过氧化氢

利用巯基乙酸水热法合成出表面修饰—COOH的CdTe量子点,并将CdTe量子点(QDs)连接在Fe3O4纳米粒子表面,制备出CdTe/Fe3O4磁性量子点。通过磁力将磁性量子点修饰于石墨电极表面。在pH7.5的PBS缓冲溶液中,H2O2可使CdTe量子点产生电致化学发光,H2O2浓度在4～100μmol/L范围内与CdTe量子点的电致化学发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.24μmol/L。据此建立了测定样品中过氧化氢含量的电致化学发光分析法,并成功地应用于李氏禾草汁原液中过氧化氢含量的测定。该研究借助纳米Fe3O4的磁力特征,使敏感膜易于形成和更新分离,简化了实验操作,同时起到增强发光强度的作用。     

Surface-modified CdS quantum dots as luminescent probes for sulfadiazine determination

A novel, sensitive and convenient determine technology based on the quenching of the fluorescence intensity of functionalized CdS quantum dots by sulfadiazine was proposed. Luminescent CdS semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) modified by thioglycollic acid (TGA) were synthesized with the microwave method. The modified CdS QDs are water-soluble, stable and highly luminescent. The possible mechanism for the reaction was also discussed. When sulfadiazine was added into the CdS QDs colloid solution, the surface of CdS QDs generates the electrostatic interaction in aqueous medium, which induces the quenching of fluorescence emission at 489 nm. Under optimum condition, the fluorescence intensity versus sulfadiazine concentration gave a linear response according Stern-Volmer equation with an excellent 0.9981 correlation coefficient. The linearity range of the calibration curve was 1.2 x 10(-5) to 2.13 x 10(-3) mol L(-1). The limit of detection (3delta) is 8.0 micromol L(-1). The relative standard deviation for five determinations of 0.13 x 10(-3)mol L(-1) sulfadiazine is 1.4%. The concentrations of sulfadiazine injections were determined by the proposed method with a satisfactory result.     

Fluorimetric determination of ascorbic acid with o-phenylenediamine

A simple and sensitive fluorimetric method for the determination of ascorbic acid (AA) is described. The method is based on the condensation reaction between AA and o-phenylenediamine (OPDA) in the absence of the oxidant. The fluorescence intensity is measured at excitation and emission wavelengths of 360 and 430 nm, respectively. Under optimum condition, a linear relationship is obtained between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of AA in the range of 0.05-40 μg ml⁻¹. The detection limit is 0.006 μg ml⁻¹, which is obviously lower than that of other fluorimetric methods reported.     

Fluorimetric determination of ascorbic acid in vitamin C tablets using methylene blue

In this study, a simple and sensitive fluorimetric method was described for the determination of Ascorbic Acid (AA). The procedure is based on the reaction between AA and Methylene Blue (MB). The fluorescence intensity of MB was measured at excitation and emission of 664 and 682 nm, respectively. MB concentration was decreased as a function of decreasing fluorescence intensity due to forming colorless form of MB (Leuco-MB) in the reaction between AA and MB. A linear relationship was obtained between the decreasing fluorescence intensity and the concentration of AA in the range of 3.0 x 10(-7)-6.0 x 10(-6) mol.l(-1). The detection limit was 2.5 x 10(-7) mol.l(-1). The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of AA in Vitamin C tablets.     

基于Mn掺杂ZnS量子点室温磷光法检测盐酸巴马汀

本文以3-巯基丙酸(3-Mercaptopropionic Acid,MPA)为稳定剂,采用水相合成法制备了Mn掺杂ZnS量子点(Mn∶ZnS QDs),基于Mn∶ZnS QDs的室温磷光性质,盐酸巴马汀(Palmatine Hydrochloride,PaH)可与Mn∶ZnS QDs发生静电作用,使得Mn∶ZnS QDs发生室温磷光猝灭效应,从而发展了一种高效、快速检测人体体液中痕量PaH的新方法。实验结果表明,当PaH的浓度在0.75~30μmol/L范围时,其浓度与室温磷光猝灭强度(ΔIRTP)呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.996,检出限为0.35μmol/L,加标回收率为94.0%~103.3%。     

基于CoFe(Ⅲ)PBA/GO过氧化物模拟酶化学发光法检测H2O2和抗坏血酸

制备了一种具有过氧化物酶活性的类普鲁士蓝/氧化石墨烯复合纳米材料(CoFe(Ⅲ)PBA/GO)。将具有过氧化物酶活性的CoFe(Ⅲ)PBA/GO和化学发光法相结合,构建了一种用于检测H₂O₂和抗坏血酸(AA)的化学发光分析法。CoFe(Ⅲ)PBA/GO催化H₂O₂产生的O₂·^-,·OH,1O₂自由基氧化Luminol会产生很强的化学发光信号,通过检测化学发光强度可以实现对H₂O₂的检测。该方法检测H₂O₂的线性范围为0~0.8μmol/L,检测限为11 nmol/L。利用AA作为活性氧消除剂可以抑制化学发光反应的特点,实现了AA的检测。该方法测定AA的线性范围为0.02~0.8μmol/L,检测限为20 nmol/L。方法已应用于H₂O₂消毒水中H₂O₂和维生素C片中抗坏血酸的检测。     

Switch-on fluorescence sensor for ascorbic acid detection based on MoS2 quantum dots-MnO2 nanosheets system and its application in fruit samples

In this work,molybdenum disulfide quantum dots(MoS_2 QDs) were firstly prepared by hydrothermal method using sodium molybdate and glutathione as precursors,and applied in ascorbic acid detection.When joining MnO_2 nanosheets into MoS_2 QDs solution,they produced an obvious fluorescence quenching,which should be due to inner filter effect(IFE).Meanwhile,the fluorescent probe was formed,Interestingly,we found that this quenching phenomenon disappeared with the addition of ascorbic acid,In other words,the fluorescence gradually restored.This recovery phenomenon is mainly due to the reduction effect of ascorbic acid for MnO_2 nanosheets.Under the optimum conditions,the limit of detection(LOD) of 39 nmol/L for ascorbic acid was achieved with a linear range of 0.33-5.00 μmol/L.The repeatability was better than 5.0% for ascorbic acid in both standard and fruit samples(n = 3).Moreover,the as-fabricated fluorescent sensing system was successfully employed to detect the ascorbic acid levels in hawthorn and jujube with satisfactory results.     

CdTe量子点荧光猝灭法测定奥沙利铂中微量银

以谷胱甘肽作为稳定剂,100℃恒温回流,直接合成水溶性CdTe量子点。基于Ag+对合成的CdTe量子点的荧光猝灭效应,建立了测定抗癌药物奥沙利铂中微量银的方法。考察了量子点浓度、缓冲液种类、缓冲液浓度、缓冲液pH和反应时间对银离子测定的影响。当量子点浓度为0.004 g/L时,在0.10 mmol/LpH7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中,反应时间为5 min,体系的相对荧光强度与Ag+的质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,其线性范围为16.42～98.50μg/L,线性相关系数为0.9975,检出限为0.12μg/L。     

高灵敏检测葡萄糖的新型荧光纳米传感器

构建了一种用于高灵敏检测葡萄糖的新型荧光纳米传感器.在辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的催化下,H2O2氧化3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB),生成具有强吸光性质的TMB多聚体,导致1-氧-1H-非那烯-2,3-二腈(1-Oxo-1H-phenalene-2,3-dicarbonitrile, OPD)分子的荧光发生淬灭,基于此实现H2O2的定量检测,线性范围分别为0.05~0.80 μmol/L和1~10 μmol/L,检出限(3σ)为0.02 μmol/L.由于葡萄糖氧化酶(Gox)可催化葡萄糖分解产生H2O2,基于此可以实现葡萄糖分子的定量检测,线性范围分别为0.1~3.0 μmol/L和4.0~30 μmol/L, 检出限(3σ)为0.02 μmol/L.将本方法用于实际血清样品中葡萄糖的定量检测,结果与临床检测结果相符.     

CdTe量子点作为荧光探针测定水环境中微量镉离子

利用CdTe量子点(QDs)和乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)构建的纳米探针,建立了一种能快速灵敏检测Cd2+的新方法。利用EDTA溶液与Cd2+的络合作用对QDs的表面进行化学蚀刻,在QDs表面形成了Cd2+的空腔,这些表面缺陷使得QDs荧光猝灭,而继续加入Cd2+后,新加入的Cd2+能够迅速补位空腔修复表面缺陷,使得QDs的荧光恢复。在最佳的实验条件下,当Cd2+浓度在3.3×10-9~6.7×10-6mol/L范围时,QDs恢复的荧光强度与Cd2+浓度之间呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。此外,相对于其他金属离子,该荧光探针对Cd2+具有高选择性,并且将其用于实际水样中Cd2+含量的检测,结果令人满意。     

CdS/ZnS core-shell quantum dots capped with mercaptoacetic acid as fluorescent probes for Hg(II) ions

We have synthesised water soluble CdS/ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) capped with mercaptoacetic acid (MAA). They were characterised by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-IR and transmission electron microscopy. Such QDs can be used as fluorescent probes for the determination of metal ions because they quench the fluorescence of the QDs. The QDs exhibit absorption and emission bands at 345?nm and 475?nm respectively, which is more longer wavelength compared to MAA-capped CdS QDs and obviously is the result of the larger particle size. The fluorescence intensity of CdS-based QDs is strongly enhanced by coating them with a shell of ZnS. In addition, such functionalised QDs are more sensitive to Hg(II) ions. Parameters such as pH, temperature and concentration of the QDs have been optimised. A high selectivity and sensitivity toward Hg(II) ions is obtained at pH 7.4 and a concentration of 12.0?mg of QDs per L. Under optimum conditions, the fluorescence intensity of CdS/ZnS QDs is linearly proportional to the concentration of Hg(II) in the range from 2.5 to 280?nM, with a detection limit of 2.2?nM. The effect of potentially interfering cations was examined and confirmed the high selectivity of this material.

富镉离子CdS量子点电化学发光法检测L-半脐氨酸

采用一锅法,通过控制镉硫比合成了表面富镉离子的硫化镉量子点,利用L-半胱氨酸可与量子点表面Cd2+结合,使量子点表面钝化,从而增强其电化学发光信号的性质,实现了对L-半胱氨酸的选择性检测.对合成的量子点进行了表征,优化了检测条件.在优化的条件下,L-半胱氨酸在5.0×10-9~1.0×10-5 mol/L浓度范围内与ECL信号呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.2×10-9 mol/L(S/N=3).本方法对L-半胱氨酸具有良好的选择性,用于实际样品中L-半胱氨酸的测定,结果令人满意.     

Dual-readout test strips platform for portable and highly sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase in human serum samples

In this work, a very simple dual-readout lateral flow test strip (LFTS) platform was developed for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) based on a portable device. In this assay, quantum dots (QDs) conjugated with bovine serum albumin (QDs-BSA) were chosen as fluorescence signal labels. In the absence of ALP, MnO₂ nanosheets aggregate on the test line and exhibit an obvious brown color, which can be observed by naked eyes to realize semi-qualitative analysis. Meanwhile, fluorescence intensity of QDs-BSA can also be effectively quenched by MnO₂ nanosheets due to inner-filter effect. Correspondingly, in the presence of ALP, ALP can catalyze the hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AAP) to generate L-ascorbic acid (AA), which can reduce MnO₂ into Mn²⁺, accompanying with the obvious fluorescence recovery of the QDs. By simply monitoring the change of colorimetric and fluorescent signal on the test line, trace amount of ALP can be quantitatively detected. Under the optimal conditions, measurable evaluation of ALP was reached in a linear range from 1 U/L to 20 U/L with a detection limit of 0.7 U/L based on fluorescence signal. Furthermore, this colorimetric/fluorescent dual-readout assay was successfully applied to monitor ALP in human serum samples, showing its great potential as a point of care biosensor for clinical diagnosis.     

ZnS∶Mn量子点表面印迹杂化膜的研制及其在荧光识别4-硝基苯酚中的应用

采用工艺简单的水相合成法制备ZnS∶Mn量子点,并在量子点表面进行硅烷化处理,包覆一层分子印迹聚合物.将量子点与壳聚糖混合,在石英玻片上沉积,制备杂化膜,并用于4-硝基苯酚的快速测定,线性范围为1.0～8.0 μmol/L;检出限为41 nmol/L.此膜表现出较好的灵敏度和良好的选择性.此杂化膜具有良好的稳定性、重复使用性和可逆再生性,在无水乙醇中浸泡即可实现再生.本方法用于环境样品中4-对硝基苯酚的测定,回收率为95.5％～103.0％.     

基于石墨烯和量子点自组装膜的能量转移构筑的高灵敏度DNA界面荧光传感

以QDs作为荧光探针, HIV1病毒序列DNA为研究对象, 设计了Quartz/PDDA/PSS/PDDA/CdTe/ssDNA自组装膜, 利用氧化石墨烯(GO)猝灭自组装膜上CdTe QDs的荧光, 而靶DNA(tDNA)与自组装膜表面ssDNA的互补配对作用使GO与CdTe QDs的距离增加, 导致自组装膜上量子点的荧光恢复, 由此建立了一种基于GO与QDs自组装膜之间荧光共振能量转移的快速灵敏检测DNA的界面分析方法, 检出限为7.26×10^-14 mol/L. 本方法制备的DNA探针操作简单, 自组装膜表面修饰的ssDNA提高了方法的选择性, GO的猝灭作用降低了检测背景, 极大地提高了荧光分析方法的灵敏度.     

Nation-离子液体-碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极的制备及用于抗坏血酸、多巴胺及尿酸的同时测定

制备了一种新颖的Nation-离子液体一多壁碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极,并研究了抗坏血酸（AA）、多巴胺（DA）和尿酸（uA）在该修饰电极上的电化学行为．该修饰电极结合了多壁碳纳米管良好的导电性、离子液体优良的催化性能及Nation的高选择性等优点,对AA、DA和UA的氧化具有很好的催化和分离效果,实现了AA、DA和UA的同时测定．在三者共存体系中,AA和DA、DA和UA的氧化峰电位差分别为148和167mV．对AA、DA和UA的同时检测,线性范围分别为5-3200、1～1100和1-300gmol／L,检出限分别为1．66、0．33和0．33gmol／L．该修饰电极选择性好、稳定性高、重现性好,有望用于实际样品中AA、DA和UA的同时检测．     

姜黄素-La3+-CTMAB-核酸体系的荧光增强效应及其应用

研究了镧离子(La3+)-姜黄素(CU)-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)-核酸荧光增强体系.建立了测定核酸的新方法.体系的最优条件为:六次甲基四胺(HMTA)-HCl缓冲溶液(pH 5.80)中,1.00× 10-3 mol/L阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB存在下,姜黄素浓度为2.00×10-5 mol/L,La3+的浓度为1.40×10-4 mol/L时,核酸能增强La3+ -CU络合物的荧光强度,而且体系荧光的增强程度与核酸的加入量在一定范围内呈线性关系.fsDNA,ctDNA和yRNA线性范围分别为7.00×10-4～10.00 mg/L,4.00×10-4～10.00 mg/L和7.00×10-4～10.00 mg/L;检出限分别为0.17,0.02和0.14 μg/L.与已报道的核酸的分析方法相比,本方法具有较宽的线性范围和较高的灵敏度.研究表明,核酸对体系荧光的增强源于DNA主链上PO3-4与CU之间的静电结合,以及通过氢键和疏水力进行的沟槽式结合,为探针分子提供了疏水性的微环境,降低了体系的非辐射能量损失,使体系的荧光强度增加.     

分子印迹聚合物修饰电化学晶体管检测抗坏血酸分子

以抗坏血酸(AA)为模板分子、邻苯二胺(o-PD)为功能单体,在金电极表面电聚合制备分子印迹聚合物膜(MIP),并以该MIP修饰的电极为栅极制备了具有高选择性、高灵敏度的AA电化学晶体管(OECT)传感器件。应用循环伏安法(CV)、交流阻抗法(EIS)对分子印迹聚合物电极进行一系列的表征与检测。实验结果表明:以pH=5.2,浓度为0.2mol/L HAc-NaAc(体积比2.1∶7.9)的缓冲液为背景溶液,o-PD与AA的物质的量之比为1∶2,以0.5V/s的扫描速率在0~0.8V内扫描20圈,所得分子印迹膜电极性能最佳。应用以该分子印迹修饰电极作为栅极的电化学晶体管检测AA,得到AA浓度的检测限为0.3μmol/L,沟道电流与AA浓度在0.3~3μmol/L(低浓度)与3~100μmol/L(高浓度)这2个范围内成线性关系。