Gd2Zr2O7纳米晶的制备及表征

以柠檬酸(CA)为螯合剂,乙二醇(EG)为分散剂,通过Pechini法合成出Gd2Zr2O7纳米晶,讨论了pH值、分散剂含量以及热处理温度对样品物相和形貌的影响,采用SEM、TG-DTA、XRD和TEM等测试手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明:溶胶pH值=6,乙二醇含量为柠檬酸的2倍,经900℃煅烧2 h获到Gd2Zr2O7样品结晶度高、晶型完整,为缺陷型萤石结构,属于Fm3m空间群,且粒度均匀,粒径约50 nm,d111面间距为0.304 nm。     

共沉淀法制备Al2O3-ZrO2复合纳米粉体

以ZrOCl2·8H2O、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、Y(NO3)3为原料,NH4HCO3 (AHC)为络合剂,采用共沉淀法制备Al2 O3-ZrO2复合纳米粉体.利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、激光粒度分析仪等对Al2 O3-ZrO2复合粉体进行测试表征,详细研究了pH和AHC/Zr摩尔比对复合粉体的影响.结果表明,当前驱体的煅烧温度低于1200℃时,只形成t-ZrO2相,当煅烧温度达到1300℃时,α-Al2O3相开始形成;沉淀反应的pH和AHC/Zr摩尔比对Al2O3-ZrO2复合粉体的产率有很大的影响.在pH7、AHC/Zr =4.5:1的条件下制备前驱体,经过1300℃煅烧2h得到两相纯度高,分散性能好,粒度分布窄,平均粒径为0.75 μm的Al2O3-ZrO2复合粉体.     

水热-固相法制备Gd2Zr2O7纳米粒子

以Gd2O3和ZrOCl2.8H2O为原料,氨水为矿化剂,在200℃和12～30 h的水热条件下合成的前驱体,经固相反应获得Gd2Zr2O7纳米粒子。用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重差热(TG-DTA)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段分析了样品合成过程的物相变化、产物结构及形貌特征。结果表明:在n(Gd)∶n(Zr)=1∶1,水热合成温度200℃,pH=11,保温24 h,合成的前驱体经1000℃、2 h煅烧获得分散性好、形貌近球形、粒径约23nm的Gd2Zr2O7纳米粒子。     

微纳米LaMgB5O10的制备及表征

采用Mg(NO3)2·6H2O,H3BO3,La(NO3)3·nH2O和不同燃烧剂(甘氨酸,尿素,一水合柠檬酸,柠檬酸铵)反应来合成微纳米LaMgB5O10粉体.讨论了不同还原剂(燃烧剂),时间,温度对产物的影响.采用XRD,SEM,TG-DTA检测手段对产物和产物前驱体进行表征,确定合成微纳米LaMgB5O10粉体的最优条件为甘氨酸做燃烧剂,在900 ℃煅烧5h.合成的产物结晶程度高,分布均匀,分散性好.     

室温固相反应法制备YIG纳米粉体

以Y(NO3)3·6H2O和Fe(NO3)3·9H2O为原料,分别与NaOH和C6H8O7·H2O经室温固相反应合成了粒径分布为20～40 nm的YIG纳米粉体.采用XRD和TEM对粉体产物的晶体结构、形貌、粒径进行了表征,并用该粉体制备了YIG多晶铁氧体,讨论了烧结温度对YIG铁氧体显微结构和磁性能的影响.结果表明:选取柠檬酸为原料其YIG结晶化温度比以NaOH为原料低了接近100 ℃;在1320 ℃烧结3 h可得到显微结构均匀致密的YIG铁氧体,其饱和磁化强度受烧结温度影响很小,基本上在170 mT左右.     

Gd2Zr2O7/ZrO2(3Y)复相粒子原位合成的影响因素

采用原位合成法制备了Gd2Zr2O7/ZrO2(3Y)复相粒子.用XRD、SEM、TEM等测试手段分析了物相组成、产物结构和粉体形貌的影响因素.结果表明:当溶液初始浓度0.05 mol· L-1,体系温度0℃,滴定速率2 mL/min,pH=10,添加1wt;的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)作为分散剂,经1000℃煅烧2h,获得样品的结晶度完整,颗粒较均匀,形貌近球形,粒径约50 nm,经衍射斑点分析Gd2Zr2O7为面心立方晶系,ZrO2(3Y)体心四方晶系,其中前者品格di11面的间距为0.304 nm.背散射电子像的明和暗相区分别显示出存在单相的Gd2Zr2O7和ZrO2(3Y)粒子.     

溶液燃烧法合成ZnxCo1-xAl2O4尖晶石型超细陶瓷色料

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O、Co(NO3)2·6H2O、Al(NO3)3·9H2O和C12H22O11为原料,采用溶液燃烧法合成ZnxCo1-xAl2O4(0≤x≤1)尖晶石型陶瓷色料.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和色度分析仪等检测方法对Zn2+的掺杂量和热处理温度对合成粉体的物相组成、微观形貌和呈色性能的影响规律进行了表征.结果表明:在Zn2掺杂量x=0.2、前驱体溶液中(Zn2++Co2+)浓度为0.3 mol/L、点燃温度400℃、后续热处理温度1200℃和保温时间30 min条件下,合成色料的蓝度值(-b*)达47.03的最大值,其平均晶粒尺寸为120 nm.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Zn3Ga2Ge2O10:Cr3+0.01,Pr3+0.03,Yb3+0.3纳米长余辉材料及其表面修饰的研究

以Ga(NO3)3·8H2O、Zn(NO3)2·6H2O、Pr(NO3)2·6H2O、GeO2、Yb(NO3)3·5H2O、Cr(NO3)2·9H2O为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Cr3+,Pr3+,Yb3+共掺杂的Zn3Ga2Ge2O10长余辉纳米材料(PLNPs).利用XRD,SEM,激发发射图谱,余辉曲线测试确定1000℃煅烧,保温3 h时,基质Zn3 Ga2 Ge2 O10已形成.Yb3+掺杂百分比为0.3时,样品的发光性能最好.Zn3 Ga2 Ge2 O10:Cr3+0.01,Pr3+0.03,Yb3+0.3纳米长余辉材料在波长为267 nm的紫外线激发下发射出中心波长为745 nm的深樱桃红色光,此时晶粒粒径约为150 nm;随着Yb3+掺杂百分比的增加,晶粒粒径逐渐变小.通过FT-IR,Zeta电势,激光粒度测试,TEM及悬浮实验测试表明,PEG修饰PLNPs后,可观察到明显的核壳结构,水合粒径约为155 nm;水溶性大大增加,0.3 mg/mL的浓度下其悬浮时间超过48 h,这表明PEG包裹PLNPs成功.     

溶胶-微乳液-凝胶法合成堇青石陶瓷纳米粉体

配制以 Al(NO3)3·9H2O、Mg(NO3)2·6H2O 和 TEOS 为前驱体原料的溶胶,使其增溶于 Triton X-100/正己醇/环己烷反相微乳液体系中,合成了堇青石纳米粉体.对微乳液拟三元相图、凝胶所需 pH 值及温度条件、溶胶凝胶机理及析晶过程进行了研究.结果表明,该方法合成纳米堇青石的最佳 pH 值为 5.5,微乳液体系的最佳增溶温度为 45℃.所得纳米粉体能在 950 ℃下低温致密化烧结,具有良好的介电性能(ε<3,tanδ<0.001;1 GHz),是应用于高频片式电感等电子元器件的理想介质材料.     

Gd2O2S∶Yb3+,Er3+纳米粉体的水热-还原法制备及其上转换发光性能研究

以Gd2 O3,Yb2 O3,Er2 O3,HNO3,CO(NH2)2和C12H25SO4Na为实验原料,通过水热-还原法制备了yb3+和Er3+共掺杂的Gd2O2S∶ Yb3+,Er3+纳米粉体.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)和上转换发射光谱(UPL)分析手段对合成产物的结构、形貌和上转换发光性能进行了表征.结果表明,Gd3+∶ CO(NH2)2∶ SO2-=2∶ 1∶x的摩尔比对合成产物的结构有显著的影响,当x=1.0时合成的前驱体在90; Ar+ 10; H2混合气氛下800℃煅烧2h可获得单相Gd2 O2S纳米粉体,该Gd2 O2S粉体颗粒呈现近球形,平均颗粒尺寸约30 nm,具有一定的团聚特征.上转换发射光谱表明在980 nm红外光激发下,Gd2 O2S∶Yb3+,Er3+纳米粉体的上转换光谱图的主次发射峰分别位于671 nm和548 nm,归属于Er3+的4 F9/2 →4I15/2和4S3/2→4I15/2跃迁.Er3+的猝灭浓度为5;,Gd2 O2S∶Yb3+,Er3+的发光机制为双光子模型.     

(C2N2H10)2Mg(HP2O7)2·2H2O synthesis and crystal structure

(C₂N₂H₁₀)₂Mg(HP₂O₇)₂·2H₂O, is a new inorganic organic hybrid structure. It has been synthetized using wet chemistry. Its crystal structure consists of cis- and trans-edge sharing [MgO₄(H₂O)₂] octahedra resulting in chains, which are linked via [HP₂O₇] units to form [Mg(HP₂O₇)₂(H₂O)₂]⁴⁻ layers. The Mg²⁺ cations and the ethylendiammonium cations are located on centers of inversion. The ethylendiammonium cations are alternately located in the interlayer space. The cohesion of the crystal is well ensured by coulombic interactions between anions and cations and by several hydrogen bonds. The diphosphate anion shows an eclipsed conformation.     

Crystal structure of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2]·2H2O

Single crystals of Rb₂[GeO₂(OH)₂] · 2H₂O are studied by X-ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system, sp. gr. Pna2₁, a = 13.523(6) Å, b = 8.143(4) Å, c = 13.407(6) Å, Z = 8, R ₁ = 0.0506. In [GeO₂(OH)₂]^2? anions, the Ge-O distances (1.71–1.73(1) Å) are shorter than the Ge-OH distances (1.76–1.80(1) Å). Anions are linked to each other by pairs of hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains. The chains are linked by hydrogen bonds involving water molecules to form a 3D structure. The assignment of the bands in the IR spectrum of the compound under study is performed.     

通过SiO2涂层改善BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热性能

本文研究了SiO2涂层对BaSi2O2N2∶ Eu2蓝绿色荧光粉发光性能和热性能的影响.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2包覆的BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+蓝绿色荧光粉.实验结果表明,最佳镀膜量为6wt;,当镀膜量大于此值时,荧光粉亮度迅速降低.涂覆SiO2后,在150℃下BaSi2O2 N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热猝灭性能提高了2.4;,在500℃热降解后荧光粉的发光性能提高了15;.SiO2涂层显著提高了BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+荧光粉的热稳定性.SiO2涂层的作用机理是在荧光粉表面和氧化气氛之间形成阻挡层,保护Eu2的发光中心在热加热过程中不被氧化.     

Optical properties of the germanate melilites Sr2MgGe2O7, Sr2ZnGe2O7 and Ba2ZnGe2O7

Refractive indices and their dispersion in the wavelength range from 365 nm to 2325 nm and transmission ranges of the tetragonal melilite‐type germanates Sr₂MgGe₂O₇, Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ were determined. The uniaxial positive crystals Sr₂MgGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ both offer the possibility for phase matched second harmonic generation, a detailed analysis of phase matching conditions is given. The refractive indices of Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ show an isoindex (isotropic) point at 467 nm. The investigation was performed on Czochralski grown large single crystals. The crystal structure of all three germanates were determined by means of X ‐ray diffraction. The results corroborate unmodulated melilite‐type structures at room temperature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Crystal structure of bis 4-benzyl piperidinium monohydrogenmonophosphate pentahydrate, [C6H5CH2CHCH2CH2NH2CH2CH2]2HPO4·5H2O

The salt bis 4-benzyl piperidinium monohydrogenmonophosphate pentahydrate is orthorhombic with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 11.235(2) Å, b = 27.924(6) Å, c = 9.321(4) Å space group Pca2₁ with Z = 4. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined to final R value of 0.049 for 1802 independent reflections. The flack parameter is 0.14 with an e.s.d. of 0.23. The structure consists of infinite parallel two-dimensional [110] planes built of mutually connected ions and water molecules by strong O—H,...,O and N—H,...,O hydrogen bonding. There are no contacts other than normal van der Waals interactions between the layers.     

Identification of a new family of diphosphate compounds, AI2BII3(P2O7)2: Structures of Ag2Co3(P2O7)2, Ag2Mn3(P2O7)2, and Na2Cd3(P2O7)2

Syntheses and single-crystal X-ray structural results are reported for three new mixed diphosphates of the family A^I ₂B^II ₃(P₂O₇)₂; Ag₂Co₃(P₂O₇)₂ (I), Ag₂Mn₃(P₂O₇)₂ (II), and Na₂Cd₃(P₂O₇)₂ (III). All crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1 bar: (I) a = 5.351(4), b = 6.375(4), c = 16.532(4) Å, = 80.83(6) = 81.45(4), = 72.87(5)°, V = 528.9(6) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.649 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0428/0.0548 for 3949 obs. reflns; (II) a = 5.432(7), b = 6.619(6), c = 16.51(3) Å, = 80.78(8) = 82.43(9), = 72.82(7)°, V = 557.7(13) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.338 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0679/0.1303 for 2100 obs. reflns and (III) a = 5.67(3), b = 7.08(4), c = 7.90(4) Å, = 77.0(2), = 82.5(2), = 67.8(2)°, V = 286(3) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.249 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0307/0.0342 for 1945 obs. reflns. (I) and (II) are isostructural but (III) is of a different type. All three structures are characterized by layers of P₂O₇ groups alternating with layers of mixed metal atoms. Differences are seen in the conglomerate bonding patterns of B atoms and in the irregular geometry of Ag in (I) and (II) compared to the octahedral bonding seen for Na in (III). The differences in structure may be understood in terms of the ratios of the ionic radii of A and B atoms.     

Synthesis and characterization of (NH4)2CuBr2Cl2·2H2O crystals

Single crystals of a new compound, (NH₄)₂CuBr₂Cl₂.2H₂O, were grown from saturated aqueous solution at room temperature by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized through elemental, powder XRD, thermal and DSC analyses and FTIR and far IR spectra. The elemental analysis and the decomposition pattern formulated using the TG‐DTG studies confirm the stoichiometry of the compound. The crystallinity of the compound is confirmed from the powder XRD pattern. A preliminary single crystal X‐ray diffraction structural analysis reveals that the title compound belongs to the orthorhombic system with a = 7.7466 Å, b = 7.783 Å and c = 8.1211 Å. The low temperature DSC shows thermal anomalies at –161.1, –156.5, –152.4, –145.2, –134, –18.5, and 1.4°C during the heating run and at –4.3, –54.8, –66.1, –90.6, –109.7 and –147.2 °C during the cooling run. The thermal hysterses indicate first order phase transitions in the title compound at these temperatures. The FTIR spectra were used to assign the characteristic vibrational frequencies due to NH₄⁺, CuX₄^2– ions and other chemical bonds. The effect of substitution of two bromine atoms on the phase transitions of a closely related crystal, diammonium tetrachloro cuprate dihydrate is also discussed. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Oxygen-conducting compounds with La2Mo2O9 structure in the ternary system La2Mo2O9-Sm2W2O9-Sm2Mo2O 9 + : Synthesis and properties

Polycrystalline samples in the ternary system La₂Mo₂O₉-Sm₂W₂O₉-Sm₂Mo₂O ₉ ⁺ were synthesized in air. The region of the existence of compounds with the lanthanum molybdate (La₂Mo₂O₉) structure in this system was determined. The polymorphism of the synthesized compounds was studied. Doping with samarium or with samarium and tungsten was shown to lead to the suppression of the transition between the monoclinic and cubic phases α → β and the appearance of the transition β _ms → β between two cubic phases. In samples with a high samarium content, the phase transition β _ms → β manifests itself as significant anomalies in the temperature dependences of the dielectric permeability and electric conductivity. An increase in the concentration of samarium in the samples leads to a substantial decrease in the conductivity compared with the nondoped compound La₂Mo₂O₉.     

Structure of {Pb[S2CN(C2H5)2]2(1,10-phenanthroline)}2

Lead (II) nitrate reacts with 1,10-phenanthroline and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in water to produce yellow bisdiethyldithiocarbamata 1,10-phenanthroline lead(II). Crystals from water are triclinic, space group $P\bar 1$ (#2),a=10.53(2) Å,b=11.050(12)Å,c=24.74 (3) Å, α=94.71 (9)⁰, β=98.15(11)^o, γ=114.11(9)^o,V=2569(6) ų,Z=2. Each lead atom has approximate pentagonal pyramid coordination geometry through the nitrogens of a phenathroline and sulfurs of two dithiocarbamates. Additionally, complexes form loose dimers in which lead atoms are weakly coordinated to a sulfur in an adjacent complex. IR and proton nmr spectrum of the complex are consistent with the solid state structure.