微色谱柱分离-光度法测定高稀土铁矿石中的微量钍

采用HD-8微色谱柱对高稀土铁矿石样品(白云鄂博矿)中的钍进行分离富集,探讨了影响其分离富集的条件。实验表明,在4 mol/L HCl介质中钍可被树脂完全吸附,用3 mL 40 g/L草酸铵溶液可以从吸附柱上完全解吸钍,并结合偶氮胂Ⅲ分光光度法进行测定。所建立的方法适合于含铁、稀土量高的矿石样品中微量钍的分离与测定。     

氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖微球吸附-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量钽EI北大核心CSCD

建立了氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖微球吸附-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量Ta的方法。合成了氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖微球,将其应用于地质样品中痕量Ta的分离富集,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱对富集后的试液进行测定。对氧化石墨烯含量、配体种类和浓度、pH、吸附时间、吸附剂用量等吸附条件和洗脱剂类型、体积、洗脱时间等洗脱条件进行了优化,在优化的条件下,对地质样品标准物质进行测定,Ta的方法检出限为2.0 ng/g,富集倍数为26.7倍。     

巯基棉富集分离水中的痕量汞探讨

用富集法分离水中汞的方法较多。常用的有吹气分离法,活性炭或螯合树脂分离法。但操作复杂费时,需一定的设备。巯基棉(SCF)对汞的吸附能力很强,一般实验室均可制备。本文对用SCF吸附分离、高锰酸钾-硫酸解吸体系做了试验,确定了富集分离的最佳条件。对一般饮用水和轻度污染水不需特殊处理即可测定,是一个简单、准确、快速的吸附分离方法。     

溶胶－凝胶法制备高比表面积的纳米氧化铝及其对过渡金属离子吸附行为的研究

溶胶－凝胶法合成高比表面积纳米氧化铝，以透射电镜（TEM），X射线衍射（ XRD），比表面积测定（BET）等手段对所得的纳米氧化铝进行了表征，表明纳米粒 子的粒径在40－80nm。以ICP－AES为检测手段，考察了纳米氧化铝材料在静态吸附 条件下对于过渡金属离子的富集分离性能。结果表明，在pH8-9范围内，过渡金属 离子Cu,Mn,Cr,Ni可实现定量分离富集。吸附于纳米氧化铝上的金属离子可用1. 0mol/L盐酸溶液完全解脱。将所合成的纳米氧化铝用于实际标准样品黑麦叶和煤烟 灰中Cu,Mn,Cr,Ni的分离富集及ICP－AES测定，结果满意。     

珊瑚中硼的分离及其同位素组成的测定

介绍了用硼特效树脂和阴、阳混合离子交换树脂相结合进行珊瑚中硼的分离和纯化方法，满足了正热电离质谱法测定硼同位素的要求，并且对几个珊瑚样品进行了硼的分离和硼同位素组成的测定，结果满意，为研究珊瑚中的硼同位素示踪古海洋环境变化提供了可能。     

巯基棉分离-催化分光光度法测定环保样品中痕量硒

硒是环保监测中的重要元素之一。用催化分光光度法测定痕量硒,只见于水质、头发等试样中。用巯基棉分离-催化分光光度法测定含大量基体干扰的环保样品中的痕量硒,尚未见报道。本文研究了用此法分离、富集及其测定的条件,巯基棉在 HCl 介质中吸附的酸度为1N,     

氨丙基硅三烷改性介孔二氧化硅及对痕量镉(Ⅱ)的分离富集性能研究

以氨丙基硅三烷作为改性剂,对介孔二氧化硅表面进行修饰,制备了氨基化介孔二氧化硅吸附材料,采用透射电镜和傅立叶红外光谱仪对其进行表征,并用于水样中痕量镉的富集,建立了氨基化介孔二氧化硅分离预富集/火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量镉的方法。考察了溶液pH值、样品流速、洗脱剂类型、干扰离子和吸附容量等对痕量镉分离富集的影响,以及该吸附材料对痕量镉(Ⅱ)的吸附性能。结果表明,溶液pH 7.0,样品流速8 m L/min时镉离子能被制备材料高效吸附,吸附的镉(Ⅱ)用5.0 m L 2 mol/L HNO_3完全洗脱,火焰原子吸收法测定。在最佳实验条件下,方法的线性范围为0.6~20 ng/m L,定量下限为0.5 ng/m L,富集倍数为50倍,对10 ng/m L Cd2+测定的相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.92%,加标回收率为98.8%~104.5%。该方法的抗干扰能力较好,富集柱可循环使用12次以上,可用于环境水样中镉(Ⅱ)的测定。     

P507负载泡塑吸附分离-中子活化法测定地质样品中的稀土元素

研究了P507负载泡塑萃取柱吸附、分离和富集稀土元素的条件,确定了地学样品中微量稀土元素的化学前处理方法和中子活化测量条件。方法的RSD在3.4%~10%之间,回收率大于92%。用国家标准物质进行分析验证,测定结果与推荐值相符。     

用1-(2-噻唑偶氮)-2-萘酚改性硅胶进行痕量铜、钴的富集和分离的研究

本文用分批平衡法和柱富集法研究了TAN改性硅胶(TAN—SG)对铜、钴的富集和分离。ppb级的铜、钴通过TAN—SG柱预富集后,可直接用TAN光度法测定。被TAN—SG吸附的铜可用0.1mol/L的HCl完全洗脱,在此条件下钴不会被洗脱,只有用丙酮+盐酸(10+1)溶液才能完全洗脱钴,因此,铜、钴可以得到完全的分离,它们的回收率均达100％。     

低硼富含有机质的河/雨水正热电离硼同位素的测定

对低硼富含有机质的河/雨水样品硼的分离方法及硼同位素组成的测定进行了研究.采用硼特效树脂富集河/雨水样品,结合微升华技术去除有机质;采用正热离子质谱法进行硼同位素组成的测定.全流程回收率在97.50%～101.17%之间,测试数据和多接受电感耦合等离子体质谱比较接近,测试精度小于0.05‰.经本方法处理后的样品能满足同...     

Boron Separation by the Two—step Ion—Exchange for the Isotopic Measurement of Boron

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＬａｒｇｅｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｔｈｅｉｓｏｔｏｐｉｃｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｏｆｂｏｒｏｎｏｃｃｕｒｉｎｎａｔｕｒｅ .ＴｈｅｂｏｒｏｎｉｓａｕｓｅｆｕｌｔｒａｃｅｒｏｆｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓａｎｄｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆａｑｕｅｏｕｓｆｌｕｉｄｓｉｎｔｈｅＥａｒｔｈ’ｓｃｒｕｓｔａｎｄｈｙｄｒｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ .1 6Ｏｗｉｎｇｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆａｎａ ｌｙｔｉｃａｌｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ ,7,8ａｒａｐｉｄｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｈａｓｂｅｅｎｓｅｅｎｉｎｍａｎｙｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｆｔ…     

有孔虫中硼的分离及其正热电离质谱法测定

针对大洋钻探计划(0DP)钻孔中有孔虫数量少、硼含量低的特点，改进了硼特效树脂和阴、阳混合离子交换树脂相结合进行分离硼的方法，成功地实现了硼的分离，并且首次采用正热电离质语法测定了有孔虫中硼同位素的比值。由于硼的分离过程不产生同位素分馏，测定结果令人满意。     

Determination of boron in water samples by chemical prompt gamma neutron activation analysis

Boron concentration has been determined in groundwater samples, collected from Khuchch, Gujarat, India, by prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) after selective separation and pre-concentration by solvent extraction with 10% 2-ethyl hexane 1,3-diol in CHCl₃. Solvent extraction separation helped to eliminate the interfering elements in PGNAA determination of boron. The sensitivity of PGNAA is found to be 18.83 cps/mg B based on the slope of a calibration plot obtained by carrying out measurements on synthetic boric acid samples containing boron in the range of 30–150 μg. Detection limit of the method is 0.2 μg/g counted for 35,000 seconds at a sample size of 15 gram. The precision (relative standard deviation at 1σ level) and accuracy of the method is 5%. The analytical results of the present method agreed well with well-established spectrophotometric determination of boron as boron-curcumin complex and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).     

Anion exchanger as a reaction/separation medium-absorptiometric determination of trace amounts of boron in waters by on-line complexation with chromotropic acid presorbed on the anion-exchange column

A novel method of on-line absorptiometric determination for trace amounts of boron was developed based on the complexation with chromotropic acid presorbed on an anion-exchange column. On-line reaction and separation were achieved by controlling pH conditions in solutions to accelerate the 1:2 complex formation in the concentration process at pH 3 and to stabilize the complex in the separation process at pH 8. About 75% of the boron introduced into the stream was kinetically collected as the 1:2 complex on the column under the experimental conditions. The 1:2 complex was satisfactorily separated from excess reagent and matrix components by changing the concentration of NaClO4 in the eluent and its peak height on the chromatogram monitored at 350 nm was used for calibration. The sensitivity could be enhanced by increasing the sample amount introduced and the detection limits (3sigma) were 162 ng dm(-3) and 45 ng dm(-3) of boron, when 5.0 cm3 and 13.4 cm3 of the samples were used, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of boron in samples of river water, tap water and ion-exchanged water.     

Determination of Boron Isotopic Composition in Natural Samples by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Thermal ionization mass spectrometry has been used for the determination of isotopic composition of boron in natural samples, like water, with an improved degree of accuracy and precision. After concentration and separation boron is treated with an excess of sodium hydroxide in order to convert it completely to sodium metaborate. The excess of sodium hydroxide present in the sample causes problems in the isotopic analysis. This excess is neutralized with 0.1M nitric acid on the filament while loading the sample by a special technique. This procedure improves the precision and accuracy of the analysis to a large extent.     

Determination of boron in borosilicate glasses by neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis

Major levels of boron in borosilicate glasses have been determined nondestructively by neutron activation analysis. In contrast to chemical methods for determining boron as a major component, the described nuclear method has few interferences and does not require chemical separation of boron prior to its quantitation. The effects of neutron self-shielding by boron (1 to 8% by weight) are examined, minimized by dilution of powdered samples with high purity graphite, and circumvented by comparative analyses. Results of the analysis of a series of glasses with increasing boron composition are 1.150±.005% and 7.766±.035% for the low and high members of the series. Accuracy of these results depends upon comparative analyses with the certified Standard Reference Material, SRM 93a (3.89±0.02% B). Once analyzed, the glasses are useful as secondary standards for alpha track counting, and also ion and electron microprobe analyses of glasses.     

Continuous flow system for the determination of trace boron in iron and steel utilizing in-line preconcentration/separation by Sephadex column coupled with fluorimetric detection

A simple, rapid and sensitive system for the determination of trace boron in iron and steels is presented, in which in-line separation/preconcentration of boron from iron matrix is directly coupled with fluorimetric detection in a continuous flow system. Boron was adsorbed on a small column packed with Sephadex G-25 gel, followed by elution with a small volume of dilute hydrochloric acid. The formation of boron complex with 1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-naphthalenedisulphonic acid in a continuous flow system was used for the sensitive determination of boron by fluorescence detection(lambda(ex)=314 nm and lambda(em)=355 nm). The present FIA system offers many advantages over existing methods, especially with respect to simplicity and sensitivity, permitting semi-automated determination of boron with a short analysis time (about 10 min), low limit of determination (0.1 ppm in steels) and good reproducibility (rsd<3% for 1-18 mug g(-1) boron in steels).The present FIA system can be readily applied to the steel samples.     

Determination of boron in steel by an ICP emission spectrometric technique

Summary A method was developed for the emission spectrometric determination of boron in steel using ICP excitation. Interfering effects of the matrix are avoided by pyrohydrolytic separation of boron. It is possible to determine boron from 1 mg/kg upwards.     

2,4-Difluoro anisole: a promising complexing agent for boron isotopes separation by chemical exchange reaction and distillation

Although methods of boron isotopes separation were intensively pursued about 60 years, the chemical exchange distillation is the only method that has been applied in industrial scale production of ¹⁰B. The present anisole BF₃ system suffers from the drawbacks like high melting point, relatively low separation coefficient and instability under reaction conditions, which demand a continuous search for more effective and efficient donors for boron isotope separation. A series of fluoro-substituted anisole derivatives were screened in this paper, among which 2,4-difluoro anisole exhibited good properties compared with anisole. Studies on the boron trifluoride and 2,4-difluoro anisole adduct, its thermodynamic and physical properties related to large-scale isotopic separation is reported. The results showed that 2,4-difluoro anisole is better than anisole in separation coefficient, freezing point and stability under pyrolysis conditions, which suggest a further detailed investigations on boron trifluoride and 2,4-difluoro anisole adduct.