多普勒效应测试仪的改进

为了解决电磁波多普勒效应在实验室演示的困难，采用单片机和一系列大规模集成电路设计了一种演示电磁波多普勒效应的测试仪器，分析了电磁波的多普勒效应原理，给出了该仪器的组成结构，介绍了该仪器铁特点。     

东大完成的合作开发项目受到UNESCO赞赏

东南大学物理系物理仪器研究室于1986年接受联合国教科组织(UNESCO)时资助与该组织合作开发15种可提供给第三世界使用的物理实验仪器。这15种仪器包话课堂演示用物理实验仪器，普通物理实验仪器和近代物理实验仪器等。     

铂电阻温度计的分度与实验装置

铂电阻温度计的分度与实验装置李文成，谢家春（天津大学物理系３０００７２）一、前言电阻温度计是科学实验及生产中用于测温的主要仪器之一，而铂电阻温度计被国际规定为用于１３．８１～６３０．７４℃的测温标准仪器．因此，在物理实验教学中使学生了解铂电阻温度计的...     

转动实验仪器的比较研究

测物体转动拨量，验证转动定律是普物实验的基本内容．目前测转动馈量的仪器已有几种：如三线摆、扭摆和塔轮型转动实验仪；1984年南开大学物理系谭成章教授等设计、研制成功新型转动仪器——气垫转盘．笔者根据教学使用情况，对上述三线摆和气垫转盘作了一点比较研究，现分述如下：一、直观教学效果比较出物体转动保量是这个实验的基本内容，验证转动定律、平行轴定理都要通过出转动惯量I的值进行验证．测I值的方法有几种，笔者认为直接用转动定律I一M／卢的测量方法最简捷，实验教学效果最好．这是因为，按定义转动惯量是物体保持原有转…     

利用小家电做物理演示实验

用小家电做演示实验，取材容易，现象明显，生动直观，同时弥补了实验仪器的缺乏，而且实验过程有声有色，学生很感兴趣．     

用于开放性实验和演示实验的自制磁场测定仪

介绍作设计制作的磁场测定仪的原理、选材、制作、调试、使用方法及相关的讨论，该仪器可测狭小空间的磁场，确定磁场的性质和空间分布，该制作，既可以由教师精心制作为演示仪器，也可以作为开放性实验为大学生开设，本制作和材料均取自废旧仪器中的零散元件，成本十分低廉，如果不计较成本，对电路和元件进行精确优化，并认真定标，还可用于定量测量。     

浅谈我校的"学生自主实验"

我校（初中）在这两年开展了“学生自主实验”．这是因为新的物理课程，要求教师尽快地从“为考试而教”转变为“为创造而教”，不再是“教参～教材一学生”的教学程序和模式，而要变成“学生一活动一教材”的物理教学新模式，从而进入到教育创新的广阔天地．基于这种教学理念，我校“学生自主实验”区别于课堂上的教师演示实验与学生实验，是学生在已有知识基础上自主质疑，应用学校实验室提供的仪器及化学药品（仪器及药品目录挂在实验室外墙上，学生可以随时查阅），自拟探究课题，或选择实验室提供的课题（课题也在实验室外墙上），     

仪器保有量中的相关因素

分析了影响仪器保有量的相关因素，通过定级得修正值，确定仪器保有量。     

夫兰克-赫兹实验的计算机仿真

为了利用现代化的手段改进实验教学，我们研制了F-H实验的计算机仿真系统。该系统以计算机动画技术模拟了F-H实验的各种仪器。学生脱离现实的实验仪器，通过键盘操作完成实验操作。实验中教师专家系统随时进行指导和评估，加深学生对实验原理的理解。该系统把教材、教师指导、实验操作和学生的独立思考熔为一体，增加了实验的趣味性和可重复性，激发了学生做实验的热情，极大地提高了实验教学的效果。     

高炉炉墙厚度在线测量实验--科研成果用于开放性实验和演示实验

将高炉炉墙厚度在线监测技术这一科研成果引入开放性实验和演示实验，介绍了实验教材的编写、电路制作、仪器标定以及实验教学的内容。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.