基于纳米金/硫堇层层自组装的新型电流型酶-癌胚抗原免疫传感器

将Nafion 膜固定在金电极(Au)表面, 通过静电吸附和共价键合作用将硫堇(Thi)和纳米金颗粒(nano-Au)层层自组装到Nafion膜修饰的金电极表面. 再通过形成的纳米金单层吸附癌胚抗体(anti-CEA), 最后用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)代替牛血清白蛋白(BSA)封闭电极上的非特异性吸附位点, 并同时起到放大响应电流信号的作用, 从而制得高灵敏、高稳定电流型酶-癌胚抗原(CEA)免疫传感器. 通过循环伏安和交流阻抗考察了电极表面的电化学特性, 并对该免疫传感器的性能进行了详细的研究. 该传感器对CEA检测的线性范围为2.5~80.0 ng/mL, 检测限为0.90 ng/mL.     

基于丝网印刷电极的甲胎蛋白电化学免疫传感器

报道了一种基于金纳米粒子(AuNPs)双重信号放大的高灵敏电化学免疫传感器,并应用于肝癌标志物甲胎蛋白(AFP)的检测。通过在丝网印刷电极(SPE)表面电沉积AuNPs提高电极的重现性,利用AuNPs的吸附作用固定AFP抗体,用于捕获样品中的待测AFP抗原,并进一步与固定了辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记检测抗体的纳米金免疫探针发生特异性结合,所形成的夹心免疫复合物可以催化底物得到响应电流。用扫描电镜(SEM)和微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)等技术研究电极组装过程以及电极的化学性质,讨论了影响免疫传感器性能的因素。在最优实验条件下,传感器的峰电流信号与AFP浓度在2.5~30ng/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.16ng/mL。该传感器具有灵敏度高、成本低、仪器体积小的优点,具有较好的应用前景。     

石墨烯-壳聚糖复合物修饰电极构建电化学免疫传感器对1-芘丁酸的检测研究

采用石墨烯(GS)和壳聚糖(CS)复合膜修饰玻碳电极(GS-CS/GCE),利用1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺(NHS)(4∶1)活化GS-CS/GCE,共价固定多环芳烃抗体(anti-PAHs),构建灵敏度高、稳定性好的非标记电流型免疫传感器,用于1-芘丁酸(PBA)的检测。运用扫描电子显微镜对GS-CS复合膜的形貌进行表征。在pH 7.0含10 mmol/L K3Fe(CN)6和0.1 mmol/L KCl的磷酸盐溶液中,通过循环伏安法和示差脉冲伏安法研究修饰电极表面的电化学性质,并考察了免疫传感器的电化学性能。研究表明,由于石墨烯和壳聚糖的协同作用,GS-CS修饰的玻碳电极在Fe(CN)64-/3-溶液中的峰电流明显增大,有利于提高免疫传感器的灵敏度。在优化实验条件下,电极表面的anti-PAHs抗体固定量显著提高,增强了电极的分子识别性能。由于anti-PAHs抗体-抗原结合物的导电性较差,免疫传感器的峰电流随着待测溶液中PBA浓度的增大而减小,PBA浓度在0.1～80μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.03μg/L。该免疫传感器重现性好、特异性强,用于实际样品的测定,回收率为90%～105%。     

基于纳米银与有机多孔材料/纳米金修饰的甲胎蛋白免疫传感器研究

在金电极表面电沉积银为氧化还原探针,利用有机多孔材料(PTC-NH2)、纳米金(nano-Au)固载甲胎蛋白抗体(anti-AFP),制备出用于检测甲胎蛋白(AFP)的安培型免疫传感器。通过交流阻抗技术、循环伏安法研究了电极的电化学特性,考察了孵育时间、测试液pH值等实验条件对传感器性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对电极的修饰过程进行了表征。该传感器对AFP有良好的电流响应,线性范围分别为1.0～20.0ng/mL和20.0～60.0 ng/mL,检测限为0.6 ng/mL。     

基于聚2,6-二氨基吡啶膜及纳米金修饰的癌胚抗原免疫传感器研究

在玻碳电极表面电聚合2,6-二氨基吡啶(pPA), 利用硫堇(Thi)、纳米金(nano-Au)固载癌胚抗体, 制得稳定性好、灵敏度较高、线性范围宽的电流型免疫传感器. 通过循环伏安法考察了该免疫传感器的电化学特性, 在优化的实验条件下, 该免疫传感器的峰电流随着检测溶液中癌胚抗原(CEA)浓度的增大而减小, 并在0.5～20和20～160 ng/mL CEA范围内呈现出良好的线性关系, 检测下限为0.2 ng/mL. 该免疫传感器具有制作简单、重现性好、线性范围宽等优点, 可用于临床上对CEA的检测.     

基于中性红电聚合膜的伏安型甲胎蛋白免疫传感器

用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上电聚合一层稳定的中性红聚合物膜,再通过共价键合作用将戊二醛和甲胎蛋白抗体自组装到电极表面,最后用辣根过氧化物酶封闭电极上的非特异性吸附位点,并同时起到放大响应电流信号的作用,制得高灵敏伏安型甲胎蛋白抗原免疫传感器。实验结果表明,该传感器对甲胎蛋白抗原具有良好的电流响应,该传感器的线性范围为1.00～10.0ng/mL和10.0～200ng/mL,检出限(3σ)为0.40ng/mL。     

基于纳米金/聚赖氨酸修饰的丝网印刷电极免疫传感器对双酚A的灵敏检测

该文采用一次性丝网印刷碳电极为基底,利用电沉积法制备了聚L 赖氨酸/纳米金修饰电极,构建了双酚A(BPA)电化学免疫传感器。结果表明,当抗原和第一抗体的稀释倍数为1 000倍,第一抗体的孵育时间为60 min,电化学检测环境的pH值为7.4时,BPA浓度在1~250 ng/mL范围内与还原峰电流值呈线性关系,其相关系数(r2)为0.993,检出限为0.85 ng/mL。该方法具有良好的特异性、重现性、稳定性,加标回收率为98.3%~104%,说明BPA免疫传感器对实际水样中双酚A的检测具有潜在的应用价值。     

基于石墨烯/壳聚糖/碳纳米管复合膜的新型电流型甲胎蛋白传感器

在玻碳电极上电沉积石墨烯/壳聚糖/碳纳米管复合膜,通过戊二醛连接抗体,建立了新型电流型甲胎蛋白传感器,通过循环伏安法和交流阻抗考察了其电化学特性。在优化的实验条件下,传感器的峰电流随着检测溶液中甲胎蛋白(AFP)浓度的增大而增大,并在0.05～100ng/mL浓度范围内呈现线性关系,回归方程为△I=0.51c+0.68(ng/mL);检测限为0.02ng/mL(R=0.9990)。该免疫传感器具有制作简单、灵敏度较高、重现性好、线性范围宽等优点,可用于临床上对AFP的检测。     

蛋白A与联硫基二(琥珀酰亚胺丙酸盐)修饰电化学免疫传感器测定雌二醇(英文)

将抗体结合蛋白A和交联剂联硫基二(琥珀酰亚胺丙酸盐)(DTSP)组成的骨架修饰到电极表面,再将单克隆雌二醇抗体与骨架中的蛋白A相结合,制备出电化学免疫传感器.利用样品雌二醇与辣根过氧化酶所标记的雌二醇同传感器表面抗体的竞争性结合,将该传感器用于测定溶液中样品雌二醇的浓度;利用方波伏安法监测电化学还原辣根过氧化酶催化产生的苯醌分子的电流,以还原电流为纵坐标,以雌二醇浓度为横坐标绘制标准曲线.结果表明,雌二醇浓度在50～1 500ng.L-1范围内与方波伏安还原电流呈良好的线性关系,灵敏度为0.51μA.ng-1.L,检测限为50ng.L-1.所制备的免疫传感器良好的分析性能得益于蛋白A和DTSP所组成的骨架,该骨架能够增加免疫分子组分在电极表面的修饰量,并能够控制抗体在电极上的结合方位,使其抗原结合位点朝向电极外端,减少结合空间阻碍.     

基于PoPD-MWCNTs-离子液体/纳米金的髓过氧化物酶免疫传感器

在离子液体([EMIM]Br)中, 将聚邻苯二胺(PoPD)-多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)复合物原位电聚合到金电极(Au)表面, 利用纳米金固载髓过氧化物酶(MPO)抗体, 构建了一种用于MPO检测的无需标记的电流型免疫传感器. 采用循环伏安法(CV)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对修饰过程进行表征. 探讨了邻苯二胺单体浓度、pH、孵育时间和孵育温度对该免疫传感器性能的影响. 实验结果表明, 该传感器在最适条件下对MPO响应良好, 其线性范围为0.25～350 ng/mL, 线性相关系数为0.9985, 检出限为0.07 ng/mL. 该电流型免疫传感器具有稳定性好、灵敏度较高、特异性好、结果准确可靠和可再生等优点, 可应用于临床检测.     

Pseudo Capacitive Studies of Polyaniline-Carbon Nanotube Composites as Electrode Material for Supercapacitor

This study describes the formation of composites of polyaniline (PANI)-Carbon Nanotube (CNT) using in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of the monomer aniline. The PANI-CNT composites were characterized by FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy and XRD method. The surface morphology of the composites was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pseudo-capacitive behavior of deposited PANI over the surface of CNT was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The composite was mixed with activated carbon for making the electrode. The specific capacitance of the prepared electrode was tested by means of a half cell test. The PANI-CNT composite with 0.02 M aniline in initial polymerization solution had the thinnest layer and highest specific capacitance of 597.82 F/g in 1 M H₂SO_4.     

Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence immunosensor using PtAg@carbon nanocrystals composites as labels and carbon nanotubes-chitosan/gold nanoparticles as enhancer

An ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor was developed using PtAg@carbon nanocrystals (CNCs) as excellent labels based on carbon nanotubes-chitosan/AuNPs (CNT-CHIT/AuNPs) composite modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) for prostate protein antigen (PSA) detection. The CNCs were obtained simply by electro-oxidation of graphite with abundant carboxyl groups at their surfaces. The PtAg bimetallic nanocomposites with hierarchically hollow structures were fabricated through simple replacement reaction using dealloyed nanoporous silver (NPS) as both a template and reducing agent. Structure characterization was obtained by means of transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The PtAg@CNCs composites exhibit a 6 times higher ECL intensity than the pure CNCs labeled anti-PSA. The as-prepared CNT-CHIT/AuNPs composite can attach more antibody than pure CNTs. Due to the dual-amplification techniques, the concentrations of PSA were obtained in the range from 1 pg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) with a detection limit of 0.6 pg mL(-1). Finally, the as-proposed ECL immunosensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, specificity and stability and could become a promising technique for tumor marker detection.     

Preparation of micron-sized composite polymer particles containing hydrophilic 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and their biomedical applications

Micron-sized polystyrene or PS particles were first prepared by dispersion polymerization. Then a series of polystyrene/poly(styrene-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) or PS/P(S-HEMA) composite polymer particles was prepared by seeded copolymerization using different amounts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) at the constant core/shell ratio of 1/0.5. The produced PS seed and composite polymer particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Adsorption behaviors of some biologically active macromolecules were studied under similar conditions. In each case the magnitude of adsorption on composite polymer particles decreased with the increase in HEMA content in the recipe, which means that the hydrophobic interaction between the surface of the particles and biomolecules decreased. The specific activities of trypsin aqueous solution and adsorbed trypsin on PS seed and composite polymer particles prepared with different HEMA contents were also measured and compared. The activity of adsorbed trypsin on composite polymer particles improved significantly with the incorporation of hydrophilic HEMA.     

硅藻土负载AgO复合材料的制备及热分解非等温动力学

采用化学氧化沉淀法, 以过硫酸钾为氧化剂制备了硅藻土负载过氧化银(AgO)复合材料, 并使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和激光粒度仪对其进行了表征, 借助热重(TG)分析研究了复合材料的热分解过程和非等温热分解动力学. 结果表明, 制备的复合材料为正方晶系方英石和单斜晶系AgO混合体, 且AgO质量分数为12.7%; 复合材料的中位径为18.53 μm, 比表面积为203.32 m²/kg, 颗粒的粒度分布在0.614~116.5 μm之间. 复合材料中AgO在171 ℃开始分解成Ag₂O, 在更高温度时Ag₂O进一步分解成Ag; 热分解反应服从以核生成和核成长为控制步骤的A1机理, 其热分解表观活化能为131.37 kJ/mol, 反应频率因子为3.19×10¹³ s^-1. 同自制的AgO粉末相比, 复合材料中AgO的热分解温度升高, 表观活化能上升约40 kJ/mol.     

Preparation of Imprinted PVB/β‐CD Nanofiber by Electrospinning Technique and Its Selective Binding Abilities for Naringin

A novel molecularly imprinted composite nanofiber was prepared by a simple electrospinning technique, in which polyvinylbutyral (PVB) was chosen as matrix, β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) was used as a functional monomer and naringin (NG) as template molecules. After cross‐linked by hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), the composite nanofiber exhibited a high specific binding capacity. The morphological structure of the nanofibers was studied by means of infrared spectrum (IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The β‐CD molecules were mostly homogeneously distributed within the PVB nanofiber without forming phase separated crystalline aggregates. Compared with traditional imprinted β‐CD polymer, the binding experiments demonstrated that the molecularly imprinted composite nanofiber shows the specific binding sites and the selective binding ability for NG. The molecularly imprinted nanofiber could be used at least six times without any loss in binding capacity.     

Preparation of La-Ti Composite Oxide Nanocrystal and Examination of Their Surface Topography with Atomic Force Microscope

Atomic force microscope (AFM) is a kind of scanning probe microscope (SPM) derived from scanning tunnel microscope (SCM)1,2. Enjoying such advantages as simple preparation of sample and nanometric differentiation scale 3, AFM is greatly welcome in chemistry, material and biology science research4~7. Composite oxides containing rare-earth element and transitional metal such as titanium as the third element enjoy many promising applications owning to their excellent physical and chemical pr…     

DNA aptamer selected for specific recognition of prostate cancer cells and clinical tissues

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men lack of efficient early diagnosis and therapeutics, calling for effective molecular probes. Herein, we performed cell-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-SELEX) to obtain specific recognition of human prostate cancer cells PC- 3M. Four aptamers were successfully obtained that can bind to target cells with high affinity and specificity. A 51-nt truncated sequence named Xq-2-C1 was identified after further elaborative analysis on the secondary structure. More importantly, the achieved aptamer Xq-2-C1 not only demonstrated excellent specific to target cells, but also revealed specific recognition to clinical prostate cancer tissue. The tissue imaging results showed that Xq-2-C1 had better recognition ratio for clinical prostate cancer tissue samples (85%) compared to the random sequence (9%). These results demonstrate that these newly generated aptamers would furnish potential applications in the early diagnosis and clinical treatment of prostate cancer.     

纳米金属-偶氮染料共掺杂复合膜的制备与吸收蓝移现象

为了达到高密度存储, 关键而有效的方法是获得更短波长的光存储材料. 报道了具有纳米金属-偶氮染料包覆共掺杂结构复合材料的制备及光吸收蓝移现象. 实验发现, 在这种独特结构的复合膜中, 具有存储功能的偶氮染料甲基橙的最大吸收波长比其单独存在于复合膜中蓝移约23 nm, 复合膜的热稳定性提高. 用TEM, SPM, UV-vis, TGA对样品的物理特性进行了表征. 描述了包覆结构的模型, 分析了波长蓝移的机理. 研究结果表明, 具有这种结构的甲基橙有望成为与蓝紫光半导体激光器(GaN)匹配的新一代光存储材料.     

Mn-doped ZnSe d-dots-based α-methylacyl-CoA racemase probe for human prostate cancer cell imaging

In this paper, we report the successful use of non-cadmium-based Mn-doped ZnSe d-dots (Mn/ZnSe) as highly efficient and nontoxic optical probes for human prostate cancer cells imaging. Mn/ZnSe d-dots are directly prepared in aqueous solution. The α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is overexpressed in prostate cancers; the presence of antibodies specific for AMACR is more sensitive and specific than serum prostate specific antigen levels in distinguishing patients with prostate cancers. Mn/ZnSe d-dots were linked to anti-AMACR to form Mn/ZnSe d-dots-anti-AMACR bioconjugates for the direct prostate cancer cell imaging. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2 and 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay demonstrated that Mn/ZnSe d-dots exhibited favorable cytocompatibility to LNCaP cells with high concentration (1 mM) and long-time incubation (24 h). Furthermore, cellular imaging results demonstrated that Mn/ZnSe d-dots were remarkably efficacious for high-specificity cell imaging. The antibody-mediated delivery of the bioconjugates was further confirmed by the observation of no fluorescence signals in vitro targeting in nonprostate-cancer-based cell lines which are negative for AMACR. Mn/ZnSe d-dots as non-cadmium-based safe and efficient optical imaging nanoprobes could therefore be used for targeting imaging and treatment of cancers in the early stage.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of NiCo-layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets Decorated on Biomass Carbon Skeleton for High Performance Supercapacitor

Afacile hydrothermal strategy is adopted to synthesize the composite of NiCo-layered double hydroxide(NiCo-LDH) with biomass carbon as substrate for supercapacitor electrodes. The prepared NiCo@BC was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical tests. The SEM images demonstrated that numerous NiCo-LDH nanosheets directly grew on the surface of biomass carbon uniformly. Electrochemical tests indicated that the NiCo@BC electrode exhibited good capacitive behavior with a specific capacitance of 606.4 F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g. In addition, the composite electrode showed excellent cyclic stability of 87.1% even after 1000 cycles. These results manifest that NiCo@BC nanocomposite is a promising candidate for the electrode material for future supercapacitor practical applications.