离聚体的结构表征 Ⅲ.EXAFS法测定含氟的铜离聚体的精细结构

本文报道了用先进的EXAFS及ESR等方法研究了羧酸型含氟的铜(Ⅱ)离聚体离子微区的内部精细结构,结果表明,铜离聚体的离子微区主要由羧酸根桥键的双核配位结构单元及平面四方形的配位结构单元等聚集而成。在双核配位结构单元中第一层为Cu~(2+)—O配位,配位数为4,配位键键长为1.96A,第二配位层为Gu~(2+)—Cu~(2+)配位,Cu~(2+)—Gu~(2+)间距为2.64A。平面四方形的配位结构单元Cu~(2+)—O的配位数为4,配位键键长为1.96A。共聚物中羧基含量对离聚体的基本配位结构单元和离子微区的精细结构影响较小,但对微区大小有影响。     

Investigation of restriction endonuclease EcoRII complex with DNA in solution by FTIR spectroscopy

The X-ray structure of type IIE EcoRII restriction endonuclease has been solved but the structure of the R.EcoRII-DNA complex is still unknown. We report here on the structure of the pre-reactive R.EcoRII-DNA-Ca²⁺ complex in solution examined by FTIR spectroscopy. The secondary structure of R.EcoRII as well as the structure of the target DNA in the R.EcoRII-DNA-Ca²⁺ complex was characterized. It was shown that the R.EcoRII-DNA-Ca²⁺ complex formation is accompanied by changes in the spectrum of both DNA bases and DNA sugar-phosphate backbone that suggest contacts of the enzyme with different groups of atoms in DNA. The change of the R.EcoRII secondary structure in the R.EcoRII-DNA-Ca²⁺ complex is also observed.     

浓度及冷冻鄄解冻处理对CuCl2水溶液中Cu2+区域结构的影响

应用扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)光谱研究了CuCl2水溶液中Cu2+的区域环境结构, 通过测定CuCl2水溶液在不同浓度条件下及冷冻-解冻(FT)处理前后Cu K边EXAFS 吸收谱, 研究了浓度及冷冻-解冻处理对Cu2+第一配位层结构的影响. EXAFS实验结果表明, CuCl2水溶液中Cu2+第一配位层距离中心原子Cu最近邻原子为O原子, 配位数介于3.0-4.3之间, Cu—O键长在0.192-0.198 nm 之间, 这种结构与Cu2+的Jahn-Teller效应有关. 不同浓度的CuCl2水溶液中Cu2+的区域环境结构有很大不同, 随着CuCl2水溶液浓度的升高, Cu2+第一配位层配位数减小, Cu—O键伸长. 结构参数拟合结果证实冷冻-解冻处理对Cu2+的区域环境结构有影响, CuCl2溶液经冷冻-解冻处理后, Cu2+第一配位层配位数变大, 热无序度增加.     

Matrix isolation and ab initio study of the HXeCCH...CO2 complex

The HXeCCH...CO2 complex is studied experimentally and computationally. The complex is prepared in a low-temperature xenon matrix using UV photolysis of propiolic acid (HCCCOOH) and thermal mobilization of H atoms at 45 K. Photolysis of propiolic acid leads to the HCCH...CO2 complex as one of the photolysis products. The HCCH...CO2 complex is further photolyzed to the HCC...CO2 complex. Thermal annealing leads to the formation of HXeCCH complexed with CO2. The H-Xe stretching absorption of the HXeCCH...CO2 complex is blueshifted (+31.9 and +5.8 cm(-1)) from the value of the HXeCCH monomer in a xenon matrix. In the calculations, three HXeCCH...CO2 structures were found (one parallel and two linear structures) corresponding to the true energy minima on the potential energy surface. For the H-Xe stretching mode, the calculations give blueshifted values of +19.2 or +19.5 cm(-1) depending on the computational level [MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) and MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ] for the parallel structure and +19.4 or +27.9 cm(-1) for one linear structure. For the second linear structure, the H-Xe stretching frequency is redshifted by -8.6 or -9.4 cm(-1) at these levels of theory. Based on the calculations, the experimental band shifted by +5.8 cm(-1) (1492.2 cm(-1)) most likely corresponds to the HXeCCH...CO2 parallel structure. The band with larger blueshift of +31.9 cm(-1) (1518.3 cm(-1)) can be due to another matrix site of the same structure or to the blueshifting linear structure.     

Dynamic effects on the periselectivity, rate, isotope effects, and mechanism of cycloadditions of ketenes with cyclopentadiene

The cycloadditions of cyclopentadiene with diphenylketene and dichloroketene are studied by a combination of kinetic and product studies, kinetic isotope effects, standard theoretical calculations, and trajectory calculations. In contrast to recent reports, the reaction of cyclopentadiene with diphenylketene affords both [4 + 2] and [2 + 2] cycloadducts directly. This is surprising, since there is only one low-energy transition structure for adduct formation in mPW1K calculations, but quasiclassical trajectories started from this single transition structure afford both [4 + 2] and [2 + 2] products. The dichloroketene reaction is finely balanced between [4 + 2] and [2 + 2] cycloaddition modes in mPW1K calculations, as the minimum-energy path (MEP) leads to different products depending on the basis set. The MEP is misleading in predicting a single product, as trajectory studies for the dichloroketene reaction predict that both [4 + 2] and [2 + 2] products should be formed. The periselectivity does not reflect transition state orbital interactions. The (13)C isotope effects for the dichloroketene reaction are well-predicted from the mPW1K/6-31+G** transition structure. However, the isotope effects for the diphenylketene reaction are not predictable from the cycloaddition transition structure and transition state theory. The isotope effects also appear inconsistent with kinetic observations, but the trajectory studies evince that nonstatistical recrossing can reconcile the apparently contradictory observations. B3LYP calculations predict a shallow intermediate on the energy surface, but trajectory studies suggest that the differing B3LYP and mPW1K surfaces do not result in qualitatively differing mechanisms. Overall, an understanding of the products, rates, selectivities, isotope effects, and mechanism in these reactions requires the explicit consideration of dynamic trajectories.     

EPR paramaters and defect structure of the trigonal Ti2+ center in ZnS

The axial Ti2+ center in a nearly wholly cubic ZnS crystal is assigned to the Ti2+ ion on the hexagonal site of wurtzite structure caused by stacking faults. On the ground of the assignment, the EPR parameters (zero-field splitting D, g factor g( parallel) and g-anisotropy Deltag=g( parallel)-g( perpendicular)) of the axial Ti2+ center are calculated from the high-order perturbation formulas based on the cluster approach for the EPR parameters of 3d2 ion in trigonal symmetry. From the calculations, the local atom-position parameter u(loc) (which is different from the corresponding parameter u in the host wurtzite structure) and hence the defect structure of the Ti2+ center are estimated. The results (the calculated EPR parameters and the defect structure) are discussed.     

乙酰丙酮和1-萘甲酸甲酯加成物C17H18O4的晶体结构和分子力学计算

The structure of the product from the [2+2] photocycloaddition of acetylacetone to methyl 1-naphthoate was determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data. C_(17)H_(18)O_4, triclinic, P_1~-, a=0.7401(1), b=0.7656(1), c=1.3882(1) nm, α=84.75(1), β=86.49(1), γ=65.08(1)°, V=0.7102 nm, Z=2, D_c=1.339 g·cm~(-3), μ(MoK_a)=1.0 cm~(-1), F(000)=304. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined to final R=0.049 for 2442 MoKa reflections. The particular bridged structure of the product molecule indicates a [2+2+2] intramolecular cycloaddition in succession to the primary [2+2] photocycloaddition. Molecular mechanics calculations confirmed further that the molecular structure of the ultimate product takes a configuration of comparatively favourable steric energy even though the bridged structure itself is rather strained.     

硅-硫团(SiS_2)_n~+(n=4,5)的结构和振动光谱的量子化学研究

用密度泛函（ＤＦＴ） 方法研究了硅硫团簇（ＳｉＳ２） ｎ＋（ ｎ ＝ ４ ,５） 的各种可能几何构型和电子结构,并计算了相应的振动光谱,得到了（ＳｉＳ２）ｎ＋ 的形成规律,即（ＳｉＳ２）ｎ ＋ 以硅、硫交错形成四元环链的形式增长．     

用密度泛函方法研究质子化苯基丙酮-水团簇

The structure and growth trend of the protonated acetophenone-water clusters have been investigated using the DFT-B3LYP method combined with the standard 6-31+G(d,p) basis set. In order to obtain more accurate single-point energy the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p) method was adapted. The results show that the formation of H+C8H8O-H2O is a barrierless reaction process and the equilibrium distance between the proton and the O atom in C8H8O molecule is 1.015 A. For H+C8H8O-(H2O)n(n=1,2,3) clusters, the proton lies between the acetophenone molecule C8H8O and the water molecule H2O. The distance between the proton and the O atom of the C8H8O molecule increased from n=1 to n=3; C8H8O-H+-H2O can be regarded as an solvation shell. For H+C8H8O (H2O)n (n=4,5,6,7,8) clusters, the proton lies between the two H2O molecules forming a H5O2+ structure, C8H8O-H5O2+ is an important structure, which the other H2O molecules will attack from different sides.     

Neutron diffraction studies of ions in aqueous solution

The effect of ions on the structure of water is discussed in terms of results for ionic hydration as derived from neutron diffraction isotopic substitution experiments. Results are presented for alkali ions (Li⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺), alkaline earth ions (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Sr²⁺) and for the anions Cl⁻, ClO⁻₄) and NO⁻₃, from which it is inferred that the water structure is disrupted more by cations with higher charge density.     

金属离子对RhCl（CO）（TPPTS）2催化1—己烯氢甲酰化反应的影响

在以水溶性铑－膦配合物为催化剂的烯烃氢甲酰化反应中,铑的存在形态及配位结构对烯烃氢甲酰化反应的转化率及选择性起着决定性的作用．在反应过程中,特别是工业生产过程中,会由于各种原因导致一些杂质进入反应体系,这些杂质可能会影响铑－膦配合物催化剂的性质,改变...     

The luminescence of mercury-like ions in and the crystal structure of SrLaBO4

The crystal structure of SrLaBO₄ contains triangular borate groups. The luminescence of mercury-like ions (Sn²⁺, Sb³⁺, Tl⁺, Pb²⁺, Bi³⁺) in this host lattice is characterized by a large Stokes shift. The Pb²⁺ is a very efficient activator at room temperature. The luminescent properties are discussed in terms of earlier models related to an off-center position of the metal ion. The emission of Eu³⁺ shows that the crystal structure has a disordered nature and confirms an off-center position. Energy transfer from Pb²⁺ to Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺ was studied and found to be inefficient.     

氧气对褐煤水蒸气气化半焦的活化及机理

以胜利褐煤为原料,利用一段流化床/固定床石英反应器,进行N_2/O_2/H_2O/H_2O+O_2气氛的褐煤热解/气化实验。采用BET、Raman、FT-IR、微波消解ICP-AES、TGA等技术表征半焦。研究氧气添加对气化反应以及半焦结构和反应性的影响,解析了氧气对气化半焦的活化机理。结果表明,氧气添加可以改变半焦结构,活化半焦,从而促进转化率、H_2产率和CO_2产率的提高。氧气对气化半焦的活化作用主要包括两个方面,一是芳核与氧气发生氧化分解反应,破坏了芳环大π键,形成了新的官能团,从而促进了反应(C+H_2O→H_2+CO)的发生;二是随反应的进行,芳香大环(≥6)结构解聚为芳香小环(3-5)结构,同时氧原子进入芳核,形成缺陷位C-O-C,从而导致半焦微晶结构的缺陷程度提高、缩聚程度降低,进而导致半焦反应性和表面吸附作用提高,促进反应(CO+H_2O→H_2+CO_2)的发生。     

Structure Analysis of Beta-alumina Synthesized by Solid State Reaction

The crystal structure of a solid electrolyte, beta-Al2O3, was investigated by XRD analysis and demonstrated by Diamond software. Its chemical formula was verified by the Ag ion molten salt exchange method and X-ray fluorescence analysis(XRF). The chemical formula of β-Al2O3 is Na2O·8.52Al2O3, and its crystal is of hexagonal, space group P63/mmc, with a = 5.5941  and c = 22.5300 . The chemical formula of β'-Al2 O is Na2O·6.03Al2O3, and its crystal is of trigonal, space group R 3 m, with a = 5.6017 and c = 33.6219 . The maximum span in the sodion migration of β'-phase(2.4283 ) is only about a third of that for the β'-phase(6.9037 ), so the β'-phase has higher ionic conductivity than the β-phase.     

Characterization of the product ions from the collision-induced dissociation of argentinated peptides

Tandem mass spectrometry performed on a pool of 18 oligopeptides shows that the product ion spectra of argentinated peptides, the [bn + OH + Ag]+ ions and the [yn - H + Ag]+ ions bearing identical sequences are virtually identical. These observations suggest strongly that these ions have identical structures in the gas phase. The structures of argentinated glycine, glycylglycine, and glycylglycylglycine were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/DZVP level of theory; they were independently confirmed using HF/LANL2DZ. For argentinated glycylglycylglycine, the most stable structure is one in which Ag+ is tetracoordinate and attached to the amino nitrogen and the three carbonyl oxygen atoms. Mechanisms are proposed for the fragmentation of this structure to the [b2 + OH + Ag]+ and the [Y2 - H + Ag]+ ions that are consistent with all experimental observations and known calculated structures and energetics. The structures of the [b2 - H + Ag]+ and the [a2 - H + Ag]+ ions of glycylglycylglycine were also calculated using DFT. These results confirm earlier suggestions that the [b2 - H + Ag]+ ion is an argentinated oxazolone and the [a2 - H + Ag]+ an argentinated immonium ion.     

一种香豆素类荧光探针的合成及其性能研究

本文设计合成了一种基于香豆素的荧光探针L,通过氢谱、质谱对其结构进行表征。该探针在DMSO/H_2O(体积比9∶1)体系中对Co~(2+)和Ni~(2+)具有较好的选择性和灵敏度。Co~(2+)和Ni~(2+)的加入使得探针L的荧光发射发生猝灭,其他金属离子未对探针的荧光产生明显的影响。探针L与Co~(2+)和Ni~(2+)的配位比均为1∶2,其对Co~(2+)和Ni~(2+)的检出限分别为1.002×10~(-7)和9.78×10~(-6) mol/L,结合常数分别是1.06×10~6和9.84×10~5 L·mol~(-1)。     

用分子对接方法预测HIV-1整合酶与金精三羧酸抑制剂的相互作用

用分子对接方法(Docking)研究了HIV-1整合酶与其抑制剂金精三羧酸的结合过程.为弄清金属离子在结合中所起的作用,选择含有一个Mg+2或不含Mg+2的两种不同的整合酶受体分别与金精三羧酸对接.结果表明, Mg+2对稳定配体与受体的结合起了重要作用. 金精三羧酸配体与含有一个金属Mg+2的整合酶受体对接,最优结合自由能为-45.19 kJ/mol. 当Mg+2失去后,整合酶的活性中心构象将发生变化,使金精三羧酸抑制剂与整合酶的结合自由能(-24.35 kJ/mol)明显增加. 预测了未知的HIV-1整合酶与其抑制剂金精三羧酸的复合物结构, 并可对基于结构的抗HIV-1整合酶的药物设计提供重要信息.     

Fourier transform infrared spectra of transition metal ion-containing polyanilines synthesized in different reaction conditions

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been employed to investigate the detailed chain structure changes during the chemical oxidative polymerisation of aniline in different reaction conditions including different polarity reaction medium, reaction temperature, reactants molar ratio and in the presence of different transition metal ions such as Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+. The results show that stronger polarity reaction medium and lower reaction temperature were beneficial to obtain 1,4-para-disubstituted linear chain structure polyaniline with higher electrical conductivity. The higher oxidation degree polyaniline contained more linear chain structure than that in lower oxidation degree. Polyanilines containing Fe2+ and Cu2+ had more linear chain structure than that containing Co2+ and Ni2+. These observations were in accordance with experimental measurements of electrical conductivity.     

Electron spin resonance studies of manganese(II) and copper(II) salts of poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid)s

The ionic interaction of poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) ionomer neutralized with Mn²⁺ or Cu²⁺ was studied by ESR spectroscopy to explore the local structure in the ionic aggregate. ESR spectra of the ethylene ionomer were obtained as functions of degree of neutralization and temperature. The existence of both isolated and aggregated cations in the ionomer was confirmed by ESR. In addition, the formation of a Cu²⁺?Cu²⁺ dimer structure similar to the crystal structure of copper acetate monohydrate was found in ethylene ionomer containing the Cu²⁺. Cation-cation interactions changed markedly around 70°C with increasing temperature, representing the onset of the motion of cations in the aggregated ionic structure.     

Rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of eight-membered rings

Experiments to develop a rhodium catalyst for the [4 + 2 + 2] cycloisomerization of dienynes with a second alkyne are described. The generality of the reaction is probed in terms of dienyne structure and alkyne structure. A catalyst system that provides cyclooctatrienes in greater than 70% yield is reported. Several experiments to determine the nature of the catalyst are described.