Photo Catalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes over Mn2+ Doped TiO2 Catalyst under UV/Solar Light:An Insight to the Route of Electron Transfer in the Mixed Phase of Anatase and Rutile

Mn²⁺ ion was doped into the TiO₂ matrix and its photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the degradation of a mono azo dye methyl orange (MO) and a di‐azo dye brilliant yellow (BY) under UV/solar light. X‐ray diffraction results revealed the phase transformation from anatase to rutile due to the inclusion of Mn²⁺ ion into the TiO₂ matrix. All the doped catalysts showed a red shift in the band gap to the visible region. The degradation reaction of the dyes was found to be dependent on its structure. It was found that mono azo dye degrades faster than di azo dye under UV/solar light. The rate constant under identical conditions calculated for the degradation of MO is 2.4 times (under UV light) and 4.5 times (under solar light) higher compared to BY. Among the photocatalysts studied, Mn²⁺(0.06 at.%)‐TiO₂ showed higher activity under both UV and solar light illumination. The synergestic effect in the bicrystalline framework of anatase and rutile effectively suppresses the charge carrier recombination and enhances the photocatalytic activity. The degradation reaction was followed by UV‐visible spectroscopy and the photoproducts formed were analyzed by GC‐MS techniques.     

Three‐Dimensional Ordered Assembly of Thin‐Shell Au/TiO2 Hollow Nanospheres for Enhanced Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalysis

An Au/TiO₂ nanostructure was constructed to obtain a highly efficient visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst. The design was based on a three‐dimensional ordered assembly of thin‐shell Au/TiO₂ hollow nanospheres (Au/TiO₂‐3 DHNSs). The designed photocatalysts exhibit not only a very high surface area but also photonic behavior and multiple light scattering, which significantly enhances visible‐light absorption. Thus Au/TiO₂‐3 DHNSs exhibit a visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activity that is several times higher than conventional Au/TiO₂ nanopowders.     

Combined Photoredox and Iron Catalysis for the Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes

Successful combinations of visible‐light photocatalysis with metal catalysis have recently enabled the development of hitherto unknown chemical reactions. Dual mechanisms from merging metal‐free photocatalysts and earth‐abundant metal catalysts are still in their infancy. We report a photo‐organo‐iron‐catalyzed cyclotrimerization of alkynes by photoredox activation of a ligand‐free Fe catalyst. The reaction operates under very mild conditions (visible light, 20 °C, 1 h) with 1–2 mol % loading of the three catalysts (dye, amine, FeCl₂).     

Effective photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye over nanosized Ag/AgBr-modified TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> loaded on zeolite

Zeolite-based photocatalysts were prepared by the sol-gel and deposition methods. The photocatalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The activity of the prepared photocatalysts was evaluated by the UV-induced degradation of acid blue 92, a textile dye in common use. The effect of various parameters, such as catalyst concentration, initial dye concentration, thiosulphate concentration and pH, on the rate and efficiency of the photocatalytic degradation of acid blue 92 was investigated. The results showed that each parameter influenced the degradation rate and efficiency in a particular way. It was also found that, under optimised conditions, Ag/AgBr/TiO₂/zeolite exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance. A comparison of catalytic activity when exposed to visible light under the same conditions showed that the photocatalysts containing AgBr had the highest activity.     

Tailoring the Optical Absorption of Water‐Stable ZrIV‐ and HfIV‐Based Metal–Organic Framework Photocatalysts

New Zr^IV‐ and Hf^IV‐based metal–organic framework photocatalysts, termed VNU‐1 and VNU‐2 (where VNU=Vietnam National University), were synthesized and their resulting structures fully characterized. By employing a highly π‐conjugated linker, namely 1,4‐bis(2‐[4‐carboxyphenyl]ethynyl)benzene, the optical absorption properties were effectively red‐shifted into the visible light region. This strategy, coupled with the high water stability of the materials, led to enhanced MOF‐driven photocatalytic degradation, under ultraviolet‐visible light, of organic dye pollutants commonly found in wastewater.     

A Porous and Stable Porphyrin Metal‐Organic Framework as an Efficient Catalyst towards Visible‐Light‐Mediated Aerobic Cross‐Dehydrogenative‐Coupling Reactions

Porphyrin metal‐organic frameworks (PMOFs) are emerging as heterogeneous photocatalysts owing to the well‐designed frameworks incorporated with powerful light‐harvesting porphyrin chromophores. The porous and stable framework Ir?PCN‐224 (which is also denoted as Ir?PMOF‐1), which has been prepared by the self‐assembly of Ir(TCPP)Cl (TCPP=tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrin) and ZrCl₄, is reported herein to be efficient for the aerobic cross‐dehydrogenative carbon?phosphorus coupling reaction, giving rise to a high turn‐over number (TON) of up to 17200 under visible light irradiation (λ≥420 nm). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments disclose that the active species might be the superoxide radical anion (O₂^.?). Additionally, the intermediate imine cation has been detected by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).     

Bi‐, Y‐Codoped TiO2 for Carbon Dioxide Photocatalytic Reduction to Formic Acid under Visible Light Irradiation

Bi‐ and Y‐codoped TiO₂ photocatalysts were synthesized through a sol‐gel method, and they were applied in the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to formic acid under visible light irradiation. The results revealed that, after doping Bi and Y, the surface area of TiO₂ was increased from 5.4 to 93.1 m²/g when the mole fractions of doping Bi and Y were 1.0% and 0.5%, respectively, and the lattice structures of the photocatalysts changed and the oxygen vacancies on the surface of the photocatalysts formed, which would act as the electron capture centers and slow down the recombination of photo‐induced electron and hole. The photocurrent spectra also proved that the photocatalysts had better electronic transmission capacities. The HCOOH yield in CO₂ photocatalytic reduction was 747.82 μmol/g_cat by using 1% Bi‐0.5% Y‐TiO₂ as a photocatalyst. The HCOOH yield was 1.17 times higher than that by using 1% Bi‐TiO₂, and 2.23 times higher than that by using pure TiO₂. Furthermore, the 1% Bi‐0.5% Y‐TiO₂ showed the highest apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 4.45%.     

Application of cyclodextrins in cancer treatment

Four novel porphyrins and their corresponding zinc complexes were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. Effects of the spacer length of peripheral substituents of porphyrin are investigated in TiO₂-porphyrins hybrid systems by photodegradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution under visible light. The photocatalysts were characterized by means of scanning X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FT-IR spectra. The results indicated that zinc porphyrins were successfully loaded and interacted with the surface of TiO₂ microsphere, which is crucial to enhance the activity of the catalytic composite under visible light. All the new photocatalysts showed much enhanced photoactivity than bare TiO₂. Especially, the photocatalytic activity of 5,10,15-triphenyl-20-[4-(4-naphthoxy)butoxy] phenyl zinc porphyrin-TiO₂ is higher than others.     

Z型复合催化剂g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO光催化活性的研究

随着科学技术的不断进步和经济的快速发展,人类对自然资源的需求量越来越大,在开发利用自然资源的同时,大量的有机污染物也随之进入自然环境.这些物质不仅污染环境、破坏生态,更对人类的生活和健康带来了巨大的威胁.研究证实,半导体光催化剂在光照条件下可以破坏有机污染物的分子结构,最终将其氧化降解成CO2、H2O或其它不会对环境产生二次污染的小分子,从而净化水质.近年来,有关光催化降解有机污染物的报道日益增多. ZnO作为一种广泛研究的光催化降解材料,因其无毒、低成本和高效等特点而具有一定的应用前景.但是ZnO较大的禁带宽度(3.24 eV)导致其只能吸收紫外光部分,而对可见光的吸收效率很小,极大地制约了其实际应用.除此之外, ZnO受光激发产生的电子-空穴分离效率较低、光催化过程中的光腐蚀严重也是制约其实际应用的重要因素.为了提高ZnO的光催化活性和稳定性,本文合成了用g-C3N4修饰的氧空位型ZnO(g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO)复合催化剂,在有效调控ZnO半导体能带结构的同时,通过负载一定量的g-C3N4以降低光生电子-空穴对的复合速率和反应过程中ZnO的光腐蚀,增强催化剂的光催化活性和稳定性.本文首先合成前驱体Zn(OH)F,然后焙烧三聚氰胺和Zn(OH)F的混合物得到g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合催化剂,并采用电子顺磁共振波谱(EPR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-vis)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等表征了它们的结构及其性质. EPR结果表明,ZnO焙烧后具有一定浓度的氧空位,导致其禁带宽度由3.24 eV降至3.09 eV,因而提高了ZnO对可见光的吸收效率. UV-vis结果显示, Vo-ZnO复合g-C3N4后对可见光的吸收显著增强. HRTEM和FT-IR结果均表明, g-C3N4纳米片和Vo-ZnO颗粒之间通过共价键形成了强耦合,这对g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合催化剂中光生载流子的传送和光生电子-空穴对的有效分离起到重要作用.可见光催化降解甲基橙(MO)和腐殖酸(HA)的实验进一步证明, g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合材料具有较好的光催化活性,优于单一的g-C3N4或Vo-ZnO材料.同时还发现, g-C3N4的负载量对光催化活性有显著影响,当氮化碳的负载量为1 wt%时,所制材料具有最高的光催化活性：可见光照射60 min后,MO降解率可达到93%, HA降解率为80%.复合材料光催化活性的增强一方面是因为氧空位的形成减小了ZnO的禁带宽度,使得ZnO对可见光的吸收能力大大增强;另一方面, g-C3N4和Vo-ZnO的能带符合了Z型催化机理所需的有效能带匹配,使得光生电子-空穴对得到了有效的分离,从而提高了光催化活性.降解MO的循环实验表明, g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO催化剂具有很好的稳定性且不容易发生光腐蚀.与此同时,我们对比了用不同方法制备的g-C3N4/ZnO材料的催化性能.结果显示,本文制备的g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合材料具有更好的降解效率.总体而言,对于降解有机污染物, g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO可能是一个更为有效可行的催化体系.此外,本文也为设计与制备其他新型光催化剂提供了一条新的思路.     

ZnCr Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Nanosheets Assisted Formation of Hierarchical Flower‐Like CdZnS@LDH Microstructures with Improved Visible‐Light‐Driven H2 Production

The development of new semiconductor photocatalysts toward splitting water has supplied a promising way to obtain sustainable and clean hydrogen energy. Herein, CdZnS@layered double hydroxide (LDH) composites with a hierarchical flower‐like microstructure have been fabricated with the aid of ZnCr–LDH nanosheets as templates. XRD, SEM and HRTEM show that the ZnCr–LDH nanosheets are uniformly dispersed within the composites. The surface of the hierarchical structures is rough and composed of numerous nanocrystals of CdZnS. The HRTEM images indicate that the surface of CdZnS nanocrystals is mainly composed of the (111) plane. Moreover, the visible‐light‐driven H₂ production performance of the CdZnS in the presence and absence of ZnCr–LDH nanosheets has been measured. The results show that ZnCr–LDH nanosheets play an important role in the hierarchical morphology and photocatalytic activity of the as‐prepared samples. In the water‐splitting process, the visible‐light‐driven H₂‐production rate of hierarchical flower‐like CdZnS@LDH is 4.03 times and nearly 10 times higher than that of pristine CdZnS microsphere and pure commercial CdS, respectively. Therefore, this work not only achieves enhanced catalytic performance of the CdZnS by the introduction of ZnCr–LDH nanosheets, but also supplies an insight into the relationship between the hierarchical morphology and the semiconductor photocatalytic activity.     

Synthesis of thermo‐responsive 4‐arm star‐shaped porphyrin‐centered poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer radical polymerization

Tetrafunctional porphyrins‐containing trithiocarbonate groups were synthesized by an ordinary esterification method. This tetrafunctional porphyrin (TPP‐CTA) could be used as a chain transfer agent in a controlled reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization to prepare well‐defined 4‐arm star‐shaped polymers. N,N‐Diethylacrylamide was polymerized using TPP‐CTA in 1,4‐dioxane. Poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) (PDEA) is known to be a thermo‐responsive polymer, and exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water. The star‐shaped PDEA polymer (TPP‐PDEA) was therefore also thermo‐responsive, as expected. The LCST of this polymer depended on its concentration in water, as confirmed by turbidity, dynamic light scattering (DLS), static light scattering (SLS), and ¹H NMR measurements. The porphyrin cores were compartmentalized in PDEA shells in aqueous media. Below the LCST, the fluorescence intensity of TPP‐PDEA was about six times larger than that of a water‐soluble low molecular weight porphyrin compound (TSPP), whose fluorescence intensity was independent of temperature. Above the LCST, the fluorescence intensity of TPP‐PDEA decreased, while the intensity was about three times higher than that of TSPP. These observations suggested that interpolymer aggregation occurred due to the hydrophobic interactions of the dehydrated PDEA arm chains above the LCST, with self‐quenching of the porphyrin moieties arising from these interactions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2009     

Great enhancement of photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped titania by coupling with tungsten oxide

The TiO2-N-x%WO3 composite photocatalysts were prepared by introducing WO3 into nitrogen-doped TiO2. The composite catalysts present much higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2 and nitrogen-doped TiO2 under both ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. Diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectra, XPS analysis, and IR spectra show that the coordinated nitrogen species (or N-metal-O linkages) may contribute to the visible light photocatalytic activity. WO3 coupling increases the active nitrogen species and thus enhances the visible light activity of the composite photocatalysts. The superior activity of TiO2-N-x%WO3 composite photocatalysts upon UV light irradiation can be rationalized in terms of efficient charge separation and high adsorption affinity of WO3.     

Synthesis, characterization, and visible light activity of new nanoparticle photocatalysts based on silver, carbon, and sulfur-doped TiO2

New nanoparticle photocatalysts based on silver, carbon, and sulfur-doped TiO2 having only the homogeneous anatase crystalline phase and high surface area were successfully synthesized by a modified sol-gel route. The catalysts were characterized by EDX, XRD, BET, UV-vis, IR, and Raman spectroscopy. The effects of the experimental parameters on the visible light reactivity of the catalysts were evaluated for the photodegradation of gaseous acetaldehyde as a model indoor pollutant. The activity results show that the silver(I) ion, Ag(+), doping significantly promotes the visible light reactivities of carbon and sulfur-doped TiO2 catalysts without any phase transformation from anatase to rutile. Moreover, Ag/(C, S)-TiO2 photocatalysts degrade acetaldehyde 10 times faster in visible light and 3 times faster in UV light illuminations than the accredited photocatalyst P25-TiO2. The commendable visible photoactivities of Ag/(C, S)-TiO2 new nanoparticle photocatalysts are predominantly attributable to an improvement in anatase crystallinity, high surface area, low band gap and nature of precursor materials used.     

铜卟啉-TiO_2复合光催化剂制备及降解4-NP的研究

合成了取代基数目不同的3种铜卟啉配合物,并与纯锐钛矿型TiO2作用,得到相应的铜卟啉敏化TiO2复合光催化剂.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)考察了铜卟啉-TiO2复合光催化剂的形貌特征,紫外-可见光谱和X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果表明,铜卟啉负载于TiO2表面,未改变TiO2的晶型.可见光降解4-硝基苯酚(4-NP)实验结果表明,复合催化剂性质稳定,可多次重复使用,卟啉环外围极性取代基数目越多,铜卟啉光敏化效果越好.     

具有异质结的铋系光催化剂研究进展

由于人类面临的能源危机与环境污染问题日益严重,光催化技术作为最有可能解决这两大问题的技术而备受关注。其中,光催化剂是光催化技术的核心。开发具有宽光谱响应、高载流子分离效率的光催化剂既是研究热点也是难点。铋系光催化剂具有较强的可见光吸收能力。但是,提高铋系光催化剂对入射光的吸收效率、降低光生载流子复合效率仍是提高其光催化活性的关键。目前主要通过以下策略来解决这些问题：(1)贵金属负载,(2)半导体复合,(3)金属/非金属掺杂,(4)碳材料修饰,(5)铋金属负载等。最后还简要探讨了具有异质结的铋系光催化剂的发展趋势及其潜在应用。
　　采用贵金属负载于铋系光催化剂(构建肖特基结),可以通过等离子体共振效应拓宽铋系光催化剂的光吸收范围,同时贵金属还能有效转移半导体上的光生电子,促进光生载流子的有效分离。但是,采用贵金属负载存在昂贵、容易发生团聚等不足。通过半导体之间构建紧密异质结,不仅可以调节所制备复合催化剂的能带结构,满足不同光催化反应的要求,而且由于内电场的存在可以促进光生载流子定向转移,从而提高光生载流子的分离效率。除此之外,通过杂原子掺杂可以在原子层面上构建异质结结构,也能有效抑制光生载流子的复合。近年来,通过与具有较好导电性能的碳材料复合,可以快速转移铋系半导体上产生的光子,提高光催化剂的活性和量子效率。铋纳米颗粒具有与贵金属类似的性能,通过采用铋金属对铋系半导体进行负载也可以发生等离子体共振效应,从而可以提高铋系半导体的活性。最后,作者展望了铋系半导体复合光催化剂发展的三个重要方向：(1)创制非化学计量比的铋系半导体复合光催化材料;(2)通过与还原能力更强的半导体构建复合光催化材料,实现光催化 CO2还原制备有机物和光催化全解水的应用中去;(3)充分利用铋系半导体化合物具有较强氧化能力的优点,将其应用于光催化有机物合成中,比如光催化甲苯类有机物选择性氧化等。     

还原氧化石墨烯-硒化银纳米复合材料的水热合成与表征及其活性氧物种产生(英文)

A visible-light photocatalyst containing Ag2Se and reduced graphene oxide(RGO) was synthesized by a facile sonochemical-assisted hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron mi-croscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectros-copy results indicated that the RGO-Ag2Se nanocomposite contained small crystalline Ag2Se nano-particles dispersed over graphene nanosheets and absorbed visible light. The high crystallinity of the nanoparticles increased photocatalytic activity by facilitating charge transport. N2 adsorp-tion-desorption measurements revealed that the RGO-Ag2Se nanocomposite contained numerous pores with an average diameter of 9 nm, which should allow reactant molecules to readily access the Ag2Se nanoparticles. The RGO-Ag2Se nanocomposite exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than bulk Ag2Se nanoparticles to degrade organic pollutant rhodamine B and industrial dye Texbrite BA-L under visible-light irradiation(λ 420 nm). The generation of reactive oxygen spe-cies in RGO-Ag2Se was evaluated through its ability to oxidize 1,5-diphenylcarbazide to 1,5-diphenylcarbazone. The small size of the Ag2Se nanoparticles in RGO-Ag2Se was related to the use of ultrasonication during their formation, revealing that this approach is attractive to form po-rous RGO-Ag2Se materials with high photocatalytic activity under visible light.     

漂浮型BiFeO3/膨胀珍珠岩的制备及其可见光催化性能

利用水热法制备了新颖的、漂浮型的膨胀珍珠岩(EP)负载BiFeO₃(BiFeO₃/EP)复合光催化材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis-DRS)对制备的复合材料进行了表征与分析。SEM和TEM结果清楚地表明BiFeO₃纳米粒子已被负载到EP表面。与纯BiFeO₃相比,BiFeO₃/EP复合材料明显提高了对可见光的吸收能力,减小了带隙宽度,在可见光下对亚甲基蓝(MB)的降解表现出更强的光催化活性。其中,70%BiFeO₃/EP复合材料对MB染料废水的光催化活性最高,其光催化反应一级速率常数是纯BiFeO₃的2.2倍。由于质轻中空的特点,制备的BiFeO₃/EP颗粒漂浮在液面上,有利于相分离和反应后光催化剂的回收。材料的重复性试验表明,复合材料在MB光降解过程中是相当稳定的。     

多酸掺杂Bi2O3-x/Bi光催化剂用于高效可见光催化降解四溴双酚A和NO去除

四溴双酚A(TBBPA)是一种重要的塑料添加剂和阻燃剂,广泛用于树脂、塑料、胶黏剂以及涂料中.它不仅是持久性的机污染物,还是一种内分泌干扰物,具有免疫毒性、神经毒性和细胞毒性.NOx,特别是NO,是主要的大气污染物之一,是形成PM2.5的重要前体,也容易引起酸雨,引发光化学烟雾、臭氧损耗、温室效应等,严重危害生态环境和...     

Photodegradation of Rhodamine B on Sulfur Doped ZnO/TiO2 Nanocomposite Photocatalyst under Visible-light Irradiation

Sulfur doped ZnO/TiO₂ nanocomposite photocatalysts were synthesized by a facile sol‐gel method. The structure and properties of catalysts were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV‐vis diffusive reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and N₂ desorption‐adsorption isotherm. The XRD study showed that TiO₂ was anatase phase and there was no obvious difference in crystal composition of various S‐ZnO/TiO₂. The XPS study showed that the Zn element exists as ZnO and S atoms form SO^2?₄. The prepared samples had mesoporosity revealed by N₂ desorption‐adsorption isotherm result. The degradation of Rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation was chosen as probe reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/TiO₂ nanocomposite. The commercial TiO₂ photocatalyst (Degussa P25) was taken as standard photocatalyst to contrast the prepared different photocatalyst in current work. The improvement of the photocatalytic activity of S‐ZnO/TiO₂ composite photocatalyst can be attributed to the suitable energetic positions between ZnO and TiO₂, the acidity site caused by sulfur doping and the enlargement of the specific area. S‐3.0ZnO/TiO₂ exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation after Zn amount was optimized, which was 2.6 times higher than P25.     

利用地球上丰富的炭黑和NiS_2双助催化剂修饰提高CdS纳米片体系的可见光产氢活性(英文)

光催化产氢技术是目前解决能源和环境问题的最有潜力的方法之一,因此制备安全高效的光催化剂已成为目前的研究热点.在目前研究的各种光催化剂中,CdS光催化剂因为具有较窄的带隙(2.4 eV)和合适的导带位置,所以在可见光催化产氢领域受到广泛关注.然而,光生电子/空穴对易复合和光腐蚀作用极大地限制了CdS光催化剂的放大应用.因此,人们采用众多改性策略以提高CdS光催化剂的可见光产氢活性,其中构建CdS纳米结构和负载助催化剂被认为是最有效的方式.构建CdS纳米结构既可以缩短载流子的迁移路径,也可以减少CdS晶体中的缺陷.很多不同纳米结构的CdS光催化剂已经被开发,例如纳米线、纳米颗粒和纳米棒等.因为制备过程极为复杂繁琐,所以CdS纳米片的研究鲜见报道.本文采用乙酸鎘和硫脲为原材料,通过简单的溶剂热法合成了CdS纳米片.在CdS的各类助催化剂中,由于常用的Pt,Ag和Au等贵金属的高成本和低储量等问题严重限制了它们的实际应用,所以近年来众多非贵金属助催化剂(例如MoS_2,WS2,NiS,NiO和WC等)得到了广泛关注.由于非贵金属助催化剂存在弱电导率和低功函数等问题,影响了对光生电子的收集和利用.纳米碳材料具有极高的电导率、强可见光吸收、有效的载流子分离和较多的反应位点等优点,因此组合纳米碳材料和非贵金属助催化剂被认为是一种有效的解决方案.本文首次采用炭黑和NiS_2作为双助催化剂改性CdS纳米片,通过简单的溶剂热/沉淀两步法成功合成了廉价高效的CdS/CB/NiS_2三元光催化体系.光催化产氢性能测试表明,CdS-0.5%CB-1%NiS_2展现出最高的光催化效率(166.7μmol h~(-1)),分别是CdS NSs和CdS-1.0%NiS_2的5.16和1.87倍.X射线衍射、高分辨电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱结果证实了CdS催化剂的片状结构,且炭黑和NiS_2成功负载在CdS纳米片表面.紫外-可见漫反射结果表明,随着炭黑和NiS_2的负载,复合催化剂的吸收边缘产生明显的红移,且对可见光的吸收增强.荧光光谱、阻抗和瞬态光电流曲线测试结果证明,炭黑和NiS_2的加入可以有效地促进光生电子/空穴对分离.极化曲线结果表明,加入炭黑和NiS_2可以降低CdS的产氢过电势,因此加速表面产氢动力学.总之,炭黑和NiS_2之间显著的协同效应极大地提高了可见光吸收,促进光生电子/空穴对分离,加速表面产氢动力学,最终得到了三元光催化体系极高的光催化产氢活性.