彩色多普勒超声鉴别诊断胃间质瘤的临床作用价值

本文探讨彩色多普勒超声鉴别诊断胃间质瘤的临床价值。选取疑似胃间质瘤患者88例为研究对象,比较胃间质瘤和非胃间质瘤间彩色多普勒超声特征差异。经术后病理学诊断,胃间质瘤63例,非胃间质瘤25例。彩色多普勒超声诊断胃间质瘤的灵敏性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为87.30%、84.00%、86.36%、93.22%和72.41%;胃间质瘤肿瘤直径、阻力指数、血流丰富比例和液化比例明显高于非胃间质瘤(P0.05);中危和高危胃间质瘤肿瘤直径和液化比例明显高于极低和低危胃间质瘤(P0.05)。彩色多普勒超声在诊断胃间质瘤中有一定价值。     

彩色多普勒超声结合磁共振成像对胎盘植入的诊断价值分析

本文分析了彩色多普勒超声结合磁共振成像对胎盘植入的诊断价值。选取我院产科2016年1月～2018年6月期间收治的64例胎盘植入患者为研究对象,分别对其实施彩色多普勒超声诊断、磁共振成像诊断、彩色多普勒超声联合磁共振成像诊断,以手术结果为参照,对比3种诊断方案的符合率、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和约登指数。手术结果证实,64例胎盘植入患者中有粘连性胎盘15例、植入性胎盘30例、穿透性胎盘19例,诊断符合率顺序为:彩色多普勒超声联合磁共振成像磁共振成像彩色多普勒超声,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);3种诊断方案的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、约登指数相比较,彩色多普勒超声联合磁共振成像磁共振成像彩色多普勒超声,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。据此可知,在进行胎盘植入诊断时,彩色多普勒超声联合磁共振成像效果更佳,不失为一种优选影像学诊断方案,值得加以推广使用。     

高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺良/恶性结节的诊断价值

本文探讨了高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节良/恶性的诊断价值.选择疑似甲状腺结节患者82例作为研究对象,本研究比较了高频超声和彩色多普勒超声与术后病理结果的差异;绘制了ROC曲线,分析了高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节良/恶性的诊断效能.结果发现,病理学检查与高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声检查相比较,差异不具有...     

高频超声联合PSV、RI、Adler血流分级在甲状腺良恶性结节中的诊断价值

本研究探讨高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声参数在诊断甲状腺良恶性结节中的价值。选取40例甲状腺癌患者作为观察组,42例甲状腺良性结节患者作为对照组,比较两组、不同N和T分期患者高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声参数,并对数据进行统计分析。两组结节形态、边界、回声、钙化超声征象比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组A/T_C、A/T_L、TI-RADS分级评分、PSV、RI、Adler血流分级评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。各参数联合诊断恶性甲状腺结节的AUC为0.902,诊断N1分期的AUC为0.879,诊断Ⅲ+Ⅳ分期的AUC为0.915,均大于任一单一参数(P<0.05)。可见采用高频超声、彩色多普勒超声联合观测甲状腺结节征象与A/T_C、A/T_L、TI-RADS分级、PSV、RI、Adler分级,可诊断结节性质,并能评估恶性结节患者术前肿瘤分期,为临床治疗、决策提供量化参考。     

彩色多普勒超声结合弹性成像技术在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤中的应用价值

本文对彩色多普勒超声(CDUs)结合弹性成像技术(UE)在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤中的应用价值进行了分析。选取2018年1月~2019年2月本院乳腺肿瘤患者103例为研究对象,所有患者均给予CDUs、UE检查,以病理检查为对照,分析CDUs、UE及二者结合对乳腺良恶性肿瘤的鉴别价值。病理检查显示,103例乳腺肿瘤患者中,恶性48例(46.60%)、良性55例(53.40%);乳腺肿瘤恶性者CDUs、UE得分明显高于良性者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤的敏感度、特异度、准确度中,CDUs为79.17%、72.73%、75.73%,UE为75.00%、65.45%、69.90%,CDUs与UE结合为95.83%、90.91%、93.20%,CDUs结合UE明显高于CDUs、UE,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本文证实CDUs、UE对乳腺良恶性肿瘤具有良好的鉴别价值,且CDUs结合UE的鉴别价值更高。     

高场强磁共振和彩色多普勒超声对梨状肌综合征的诊断价值比较

本研究主要探讨高场强MRI和彩色多普勒超声参数对梨状肌综合征的诊断价值。选取2017年6月~2019年6月本院收治且已临床确诊的31例梨状肌综合征患者作为观察组,选取同期于本院体检的健康人群31例作为对照组,高场强MRI检测坐骨神经信号强度及肌肉信号强度,彩色多普勒超声检测梨状肌厚度和坐骨神经厚度。结果显示,观察组患侧梨状肌厚度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),患侧序列T2WI的神经信号强度/肌肉信号强度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),梨状肌厚度、神经信号强度/肌肉信号强度诊断梨状肌综合征的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.836、0.869,二者联合诊断梨状肌综合征的AUC为0.945。高场强MRI和彩色多普勒超声均有一定的诊断价值,且彩色多普勒超声对梨状肌综合征患者检出率更高,两者联合可进一步提高梨状综合征的诊断价值。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声在子宫内膜病变诊断中的应用研究

目的探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声在诊断子宫内膜病变中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析湖北省浠水县妇幼保健院自2014年1月—2015年6月收治的54例子宫内膜病变患者的临床资料,其中28例经阴道超声诊断患者设为观察组,26例经腹部超声诊断患者设为对照组,比较两组患者超声诊断结果与病理诊断结果的差异。结果观察组患者超声诊断总符合率为88.89%,明显高于对照组的61.11%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者子宫内膜增生、子宫内膜息肉及子宫黏膜下肌瘤的诊断符合率分别为90.91%、93.33%、88.89%,明显高于对照组的63.64%、66.67%、55.56%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者萎缩性子宫内膜和子宫内膜癌的诊断符合率差异不明显,无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组良性病变患者的血流信号显示率、动脉阻力指数分别为27.27%和(0.70±0.12)和恶性病变患者的100%、(0.35±0.08)差异明显,有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经阴道超声检查诊断子宫内膜病变准确率明显高于经腹部超声检查,而且能够在一定程度上反映子宫内膜病变性质,具有较高的临床推广价值。     

乳腺癌术前灰阶超声与彩色多普勒超声联合应用对预后的预测价值

目的探究乳腺癌术前灰阶超声与彩色多普勒超声联合应用对预后的预测价值。方法选取温州医科大学附属第一医院2013年5月—2015年5月期间收治的乳腺癌患者83例,治疗前均行灰阶超声与彩色多普勒超声检查,分析患者超声检查结果、临床征象与术后随访2年期间患者预后的关系,从而分析术前灰阶超声与彩色多普勒超声联合应用对乳腺癌患者预后的预测价值。结果乳腺癌肿块边界清晰、边界不清晰、边界恶性晕的患者2年无瘤生存率依次降低,边界恶性晕与边界不清晰患者死亡率均显著高于边界清晰患者(P0.05);肿瘤≥2 cm患者2年无瘤生存率显著低于2 cm患者;淋巴结转移患者2年无瘤生存率显著低于无转移患者(P0.05);血流分级Ⅱ级患者2年无瘤生存率明显低于0级(P0.05),Ⅲ级患者2年无瘤生存率显著低于0级和Ⅰ级(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者术前联合应用灰阶超声与彩色多普勒超声检查可确定肿瘤边界、大小及淋巴转移等征象,其与患者无瘤生存率、死亡率等预后指标密切相关,可作为预测乳腺癌患者预后的重要方法。     

彩色多普勒超声在浅表软组织肿块诊断中的应用分析

本研究探讨彩色多普勒超声在浅表软组织肿块诊断中的应用价值。选取浅表组织肿块患者210例,其中良性病变患者172例,恶性病变患者38例,给予彩色多普勒超声检查。结果显示,恶性病变形态不规则、内部不均匀低回声、边界模糊、内部血流丰富比例明显高于良性病变(P<0.05);恶性病变病灶收缩期峰值流速(Vmax)和阻力指数(RI)明显高于良性病变(P<0.05),病灶最大长径/最大短径(L/S)明显低于良性病变(P<0.05);年龄、形态、内部回声、边界、内部血流、Vmax和RI建立Logistic回归方程,其诊断恶性病变的ROC曲线下面积为0.910(P<0.05),灵敏性和特异性达到84.00%和96.00%。可见彩色多普勒超声在浅表软组织肿块良恶性诊断中有较好的应用价值。     

产前胎儿超声心动图在先天性心脏病产前诊断中的应用价值

本研究探讨了产前胎儿超声心动图在先天性心脏病产前诊断中的应用价值,选取3000例孕妇作为研究对象,均于孕20~24周接受胎儿超声心动图和普通彩色多普勒超声检查。以妊娠结局为参照,分析了产前胎儿超声心动图检查和普通彩色多普勒超声诊断先天性心脏病的敏感性、特异性和准确度,并比较了不同检查切面对先天性心脏病的产前诊断率。结果表明,产前胎儿超声心动图诊断先天性心脏病的敏感度、特异度、准确度显著优于普通彩色多普勒超声(P<0.05);四腔心显示胎儿心脏畸形率显著高于其他切面(P<0.05)。综上所述,产前胎儿超声心动图对先天性心脏病产前的诊断效能较高,诊断结果明确,可显著减少先天性心脏病的漏诊率。     

Tobacco-specific Carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl )-1-butanone(NNK) Activating ERK1/2 MAP Kinases and Stimulating Proliferation of Hmnan Mammary Epithelial Cells

Cigarette smoking is correlated with the development of various cancers. 4 - (Methylnitrosoamino) -1 - ( 3 -pyridyl) -1-butanone (NNK) is one of the major tobacco-specific carcinogens in the cigarette smoke, which increases the risk of breast cancer. In the present study, it was demonstrated that NNK rapidly activated ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases in human normal mammary epithelial cells. It was found that there are two different routes for the activation of ERK1/2with NNK. One is from nicotinic receptor nAchR to MEK1/2, and the other is from tyrosine kinase containing receptor to MEK1/2. The tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK shows a strong proliferative effect on normal human mammary epithelial cells and cancer mammary epithelial cells.     

Tobacco-specific Carcinogen 4- （Methylnitrosoamino） -1- （3-pyridyl） - 1-butanone（NNK） Activating ERK1/2 MAP Kinases and Stimulating Proliferation of Human Mammary Epithelial Cells

Cigarette smoking is correlated with the development of various cancers. 4- （Methylnitresoamino） -1- （3-pyridyl） - 1-butanone（NNK） is one of the major tobacco-specific carcinogens in the cigarette smoke, which increases the risk of breast cancer. In the present study, it was demonstrated that NNK rapidly activated ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases in human normal mammary epithelial cells. It was found that there are two different routes for the activation of ERK1/2 with NNK. One is from nicotinic receptor nAchR to MEK1/2, and the other is from tyrosine kinase containing receptor to MEK1/2. The tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK shows a strong proliferative effect on normal human mammary epithelial cells and cancer mammary epithelial cells.     

超微血管成像和超声造影对乳腺癌病灶内微血流及超微血管的评价及其联合诊断价值

本文探讨了超微血管成像(SMI)和超声造影(CEUS)对乳腺癌病灶内微血流及超微血管的评价,及其联合检查对乳腺癌的诊断价值。选取2017年6月~2019年3月我院收治的经手术病理证实的乳腺癌患者106例(106个肿块)作为研究对象,所有患者术前均完成彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)、CEUS及SMI检查。比较SMI、CEUS对乳腺癌的诊断准确率及对病灶内血流信号、穿支血管的显示情况。结果显示,106例乳腺癌(106个肿块)中,SMI和CEUS对乳腺癌的诊断准确率分别为79.25%、83.96%,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SMI联合CEUS检查对乳腺癌的诊断准确率为96.23%,明显高于单一SMI或CEUS的诊断准确率(P<0.05)。在血流信号显示上,SMI检出不丰富血流信号、丰富血流信号分别为64个、42个;CEUS表现为低增强64个、等增强及高增强为42个;SMI和CEUS评价乳腺癌病灶内微血管及血流供应情况具有较好的一致性(P<0.05)。在穿支血管显示上,SMI检出44个、CDFI检出34个,SMI能够清晰检出CDFI不能检出的穿支血管10个。表明SMI和CEUS诊断乳腺癌病灶内微血管及血流供应情况具有较好的一致性,对乳腺癌均有较高的诊断价值,二者联合检查有助于提高乳腺癌的诊断准确率。     

Glycoprotein synthesis as a function of epithelial cell arrangement: biosynthesis and release of glycoproteins by human breast and prostate cells in organ culture.

We demonstrate that a technique is available to investigate glycoprotein synthesis in organ cultures of human breast and prostate surgical specimens where the 3-dimensional epithelial cell arrangement remains intact. Malignant breast and prostate epithelium maintained their capacity to synthesize glycoproteins for at least 3 days as followed by the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into macromolecules. Over 70% of incorporation was by malignant cells as judged by autoradiography. Labeled glycoproteins were released into glandular lumina and consequently into the culture fluid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed predominantly one group of macrmolecules released with an apparent molecular weight of 48,000 +/- 6,000 daltons. This glycoprotein was found in all of the breast specimens studied, which included 1 medullary, 1 infiltrating lobular, and 8 infiltrating duct carcinomas. The pattern was independent of the availability of estrogen receptors. A similar glycoprotein was also observed in the culture media from a Grade I and a Grade II well-differentiated infiltrating prostate carcinoma. Incorporation was below the level of detection in 4 of 6 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A more complex pattern of labeled glycoproteins was found in the media of a Grade II and a Grade III poorly-differentiated prostate carcinoma. The established human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 synthesized and released a similar 48,000 molecular weight glycoprotein but additional components with larger molecular weights were also released. An intriguing interpretation that 3-dimensional tissue integrity restricts some glycoprotein synthesis is discussed. Cells grown in 2-dimensional monolayers could escape from such a topographic restriction and express additional families of glycoproteins.     

经腹联合经阴道彩超在评估凶险型前置胎盘合并胎盘植入中的应用价值

本文对经腹联合经阴道彩超在评估凶险型前置胎盘(PPP)合并胎盘植入中的应用价值进行了探讨。选取我院2017年6月~2019年6月PPP患者172例,所有患者均给予经腹彩超、经阴道彩超检查,以产后病理结果为对照,分析经腹彩超、经阴道彩超,以及二者联合,对PPP合并胎盘植入的评估价值。产后病理结果显示,172例PPP患者中,有合并胎盘植入患者120例(69.77%)、无合并胎盘植入患者52例(30.23%)。对PPP合并胎盘植入的敏感度、特异度、准确度进行评估,结果显示,经腹彩超其值分别为76.67%、73.08%、75.58%,经阴道彩超分别为83.33%、80.77%、82.56%,经腹联合经阴道彩超则分别为96.67%、96.15%、96.51%,二者联合明显高于经腹彩超、经阴道彩超,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。证实经腹、经阴道彩超是评估PPP合并胎盘植入的有效检查方法,且二者联合的评估价值更高,值得临床推广。     

Measurement of urinary estriol glucuronides during the menstrual cycle by high-performance liquid chromatography

A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for measuring estriol-3-glucuronide (E3-3-G) and estriol-16-glucuronide (E3-16-G) in the urine of non-pregnant women is described. Estriol conjugates were extracted from 4 ml of urine with a small cartridge of graphitized carbon black (Carbopack B). After washing, E3-3-G and E3-16-G were desorbed separately by a two-step elution system. After solvent removal, the two glucuronides were quantified by isocratic ion-suppression HPLC with fluorimetric detection. The analytical recovery of the two estriol metabolites was about 95%. The detection limit of the method was 0.6 ng/ml for both analytes in urine, which is well below the concentrations of clinical interest, and the method is not susceptible to substantial interferences. Data relative to urinary levels of E3-3-G and E3-16-G measured by this method on a daily basis in early morning samples from nine women during their menstrual cycles were compared with those reported in the literature and obtained by radioimmunoassay techniques. Moreover, the potential use of defined changes in the concentrations of the two conjugates for predicting the fertile period of women was assessed.     

New Generation of Meso and Antiprogestins (SPRMs) into the Osteoporosis Approach

Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL) play key roles in bone metabolism and the immune system. The RANK/RANKL complex has also been shown to be critical in the formation of mammary epithelia cells. The female hormones estradiol and progesterone closely control the action of RANKL with RANK. Blood concentration of these sex hormones in the postmenopausal period leads to an increase in RANK/RANKL signaling and are a major cause of women’s osteoporosis, characterized by altered bone mineralization. Knowledge of the biochemical relationships between hormones and RANK/RANKL signaling provides the opportunity to design novel therapeutic agents to inhibit bone loss, based on the anti-RANKL treatment and inhibition of its interaction with the RANK receptor. The new generation of both anti- and mesoprogestins that inhibit the NF-κB-cyclin D1 axis and blocks the binding of RANKL to RANK can be considered as a potential source of new RANK receptor ligands with anti-RANKL function, which may provide a new perspective into osteoporosis treatment itself as well as limit the osteoporosis rise during breast cancer metastasis to the bone.