量子隧道态-声子耦合系统的变分法研究

本文采用变分法研究了量子隧道态-声子耦合系统的基态能量。发现:系统的基态可以用位移态及位移-压缩态这两种变分态描述,且随着耦合强度的增加,稳定的基态将由位移态向位移-压缩态转变。本文给出这种转变的相图。 关键词：     

A New Binomial–Negative-Binomial Combinatorial State in Quantum Optics Theory and Its Generation

Based on the concept of the binomial state and the negative-binomial state we introduce a new binomial–negative-binomial combinatorial state in quantum optics theory. We show that such a state can be implemented in the laser channel as an output state when the initial state is a pure number state. The master equation related to the laser channel is solved by virtue of the entangled state representation.     

High efficient scheme for remote state preparation with cavity QED

In this paper, a scheme is proposed for remote state preparation （RSP） with cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED）. In our scheme, two observers share two-atom nonmaximally entangled state as quantum channels and can realize remote preparation of state of an atom. We also propose a generalization for remote preparation of N-atom entangled state by （N＋1）-atom GHZ-like state （N ≥ 2）. By this scheme, one single-atom projective measurement is enough for the RSP of a qubit or N-atom entangled state, and the probability of success for RSP is unity. Furthermore, we have considered the case where observers use W-like state as quantum channels to realize RSP of a qubit. We compare our scheme with existing ones.     

Quantum interference between a single-photon Fock state and a coherent state

We derive analytical expressions for the single mode quantum field state at the individual output ports of a beam splitter when a single-photon Fock state and a coherent state are incident on the input ports. The output states turn out to be a statistical mixture between a displaced Fock state and a coherent state. Consequently we are able to find an analytical expression for the corresponding Wigner function. Because of the generality of our calculations the obtained results are valid for all passive and lossless optical four port devices. We show further how the results can be adapted to the case of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In addition we consider the case for which the single-photon Fock state is replaced with a general input state: a coherent input state displaces each general quantum state at the output port of a beam splitter with the displacement parameter being the amplitude of the coherent state.     

Four-mode coherent-entangled state and its application

A new kind of four-mode continuous variable coherent-entangled state is proposed in the Fock space by using the technique of integration within an ordered product, which exhibits both the properties of a coherent state and an entangled state, and spans a complete and orthonormal representation. The conjugate state of the four-mode continuous variable coherent-entangled state is derived by using the Fourier transformation. Moreover, a simple experimental protocol of generating a four-mode continuous variable coherent-entangled state is proposed by using beam splitters. As applications of this four-mode continuous variable coherent-entangled state, a four-mode entangled state and a four-mode squeezing-Fresnel operator are constructed.     

Scheme for Cloning an Unknown Entangled State with Assistance via Non-maximally Entangled Cluster States

We propose a scheme for cloning unknown two-particle entangled state and its orthogonal complement state with assistance from a state preparer. Two stages were included in this scheme. The first stage requires usual teleportation by using a one-dimensional non-maximally four-particle cluster state as quantum channel, after Alice’s (the state sender) Bell measurement, Bob (the state receiver) can get the original state with certain probability. In the second stage, after having received Victor’s (the state preparer) classical message, the perfect copies and complement copies of an unknown state can be produced in Alice’s place, the probability of Alice to get the original state or its orthogonal complement state are calculated. Assisted cloning of an arbitrary unknown two-particle entangled state is discussed in the latter scheme.     

The influence of electric field on a parabolic quantum dot qubit

This paper calculates the time evolution of the quantum mechanical state of an electron by using variational method of Pekar type on the condition of electric--LO-phonon strong coupling in a parabolic quantum dot. It obtains the eigenenergies of the ground state and the first-excited state, the eigenfunctions of the ground state and the first-excited state This system in a quantum dot may be employed as a two-level quantum system qubit. The superposition state electron density oscillates in the quantum dot with a period when the electron is in the superposition state of the ground and the first-excited state. It studies the influence of the electric field on the eigenenergies of the ground state, the first-excited state and the period of oscillation at the different electron--LO-phonon coupling constant and the different confinement length.     

Glassy-like states of bulk rare gases

Defining a glassy-like state of a system of bound atoms as a frozen, amorphous, thermodynamically unstable state, we consider a glassy-like state of a condensed rare gas as a configurationally excited state of bound atoms that tends to the thermodynamic equilibrium by diffusion of voids. The criterion for a critical cooling rate is the minimum cooling rate of the liquid state that leads to formation of a glassy-like state. Comparing this glassy-like state with that experimentally obtained by deposition of argon atoms on a cold target, we conclude that glassy-like states are characterized by short-range parameters. On the basis of cluster studies, peculiarities of the liquid aggregate states and glassy-like states are formulated. A glassy-like state of a cluster or a bulk system of bound atoms is a configurationally excited state below the freezing point; the liquid aggregate state exhibits configurational excitations but is characterized by thermal motion of atoms, consistent with the Lindemann criterion.     

注入半导体激光器混沌相位周期控制方法研究

提出外部光注入半导体激光器混沌相位控制方法，通过周期调制注入光的相位相移将激光器的混沌控制到多种周期状态.数值结果表明：在不同强度光注入下，(1)通过半波长周期相位相移调制控制混沌激光到周期态、双周期态、三周期态、四周期态以及多周期态等；(2)通过四分之一波长周期相位相移调制控制混沌激光到周期态和多周期态，并在高频调制控制时能够产生激光锁模现象，其锁模区域是19—21GHz；(3)波长周期相位相移调制控制也能使混沌激光控制到三周期态和多周期态等. 关键词： 混沌 控制 激光器 周期     

Analytical gradients of a state average MCSCF state and a state average diagnostic

An efficient method for calculating the Lagrange multipliers and the analytical gradients of one state included in a state average MCSCF wave function is presented. It is demonstrated that the state average energy of an ‘equal-weight’ scheme is invariant to rotations within the state average subspace and that the corresponding rotations should be eliminated from the Lagrangian equations. Finally, a diagnostic is presented, which gauges the energy difference between a state defined by a state average calculation and the corresponding fully variational multi-configurational SCF state.     

飞秒激光控制的分子量子动力学研究：(Ⅰ)三维二能级系统

结合MCDTDH方法和优化控制理论，以吡嗪分子为例，模拟了在给定不同的目标态下具有3个振动模两个电子态的分子系统的量子动力学过程. 以电子激发态作为目标态，优化激光场为一个楔形脉冲，它所激发的电子波函数在两个调制模空间中振荡最后达到平衡位置，并有较高的目标态产生率.发现目标态的选择强烈地影响波函数随时间的演变情况，若目标态在各个模的平衡位置，在优化激光场的作用下，电子波函数被直接激发到其平衡位置；若目标态不在振动模的平衡位形，其电子波函数经过强烈的振荡以达到平衡态. 关键词： 优化控制 MCTDH 方法 分子量子动力学     

Distribution of a modulated squeezed state over a lossy channel

The distribution of a modulated squeezed state over a quantum channel is the basis for quantum key distribution(QKD) with a squeezed state. In this Letter, a modulated squeezed state is distributed over a lossy channel. The Wigner function of the distributed state is measured to observe the evolution of the quantum state over a lossy channel, which shows that the squeezing level and the displacement amplitude of the quantum state are decreased along with the increase of the channel loss. We also measure the squeezing level in the frequency domain by the frequency shift technique. The squeezing of the modulated squeezed state at the modulation frequency is observed in this way. The presented results supply a reference for a QKD with a squeezed state.     

Teleportation with Tripartite Entangled State via Thermal Cavity

Teleportation schemes with a tripartite entangled state in cavity QED are investigated. The schemes do not need Bell state measurements and the successful probabilities reach optimality. In addition, the schemes are insensitive to both the cavity decay and the thermal field. We first consider two teleportation schemes via a tripartite GHZ state. The first one is a controlled one for an unknown single-qubit state. The second scheme is teleportation of unknown two-atom entangled state. Then we consider teleporting of single-qubit arbitrary state via a tripartite W state.     

Free energy and the relative entropy

Under the assumption of an identity determining the free energy of a state of a statistical mechanical system relative to a given equilibrium state by means of the relative entropy, it is shown: first, that there is in any physically definable convex set of states a unique state of minimum free energy measured relative to a given equilibrium state; second, that if a state has finite free energy relative to an equilibrium state, then the set of its time translates is a weakly relatively compact set; and third, that a unique perturbed equilibrium state exists following a change in Hamiltonian that is bounded below.     

Quantum Information Splitting by Using Asymmetric Multi-particle State

We propose schemes for quantum information splitting by using asymmetric multi-particle entangled state. Explicit protocols for the quantum information splitting of a single-qubit state and a two-qubit entangled state via asymmetric three-particle entangled state are illustrated. The four-particle asymmetric entangled state are also used as quantum channel to split the unknown two-qubit entangled state. We also consider the security against certain eavesdropping attacks.     

利用Raman相互作用传送两比特的未知原子态

实现量子态的隐形传送,尤其是多比特量子态的隐形传送在量子信息领域中有非常重要的作用。本文提出了一种隐形传送两比特未知原子态方案。在此方案中,用一个三粒子纠缠态作为量子信道,传送两比特未知原子态。     

spin-Peierls系统低能量激发谱的理论研究

用玻色化技术和量子自洽方法研究了spin-Peierls系统的低能量激发谱,计算了二聚化相的基态、单粒子激发态和双粒子束缚态的能量、阻挫对其低能量行为的影响及其各自的自旋-自旋关联函数.结果表明,随着阻挫的增大,spin-Peierls系统中的基态能会逐渐减小,单粒子激发态能隙和双粒子束缚态能隙却会增大.双粒子束缚态和基态的关联函数具有类似的短程关联,而单粒子激发态的关联函数具有长程关联.因此导出,单粒子激发态为自旋三重态,双粒子束缚态与基态类似为自旋单态,它存在于双粒子连续激发态的下边.该结果与Ain等 关键词： spin-Peierls系统 束缚态 关联函数     

Dynamics of the even-binomial state in some quantum system

The effect of the even-binomial state (the state which interpolates between the even-number state and the even-coherent state) on the Jaynes-Cummings model and resonance fluorescence for a single atom and for many cooperative atoms is discussed. The study of two quantum optical systems in such a state provides more insight into the continuous passage from the even-number state to the even-coherent state. The squeezing phenomenon and the correlation functions are examined.     

类氢原子核质量对电子状态的影响

在孤立的两体复合系统中,讨论其中一体的变化如何影响另一体的状态,有助于了解单粒子混合态与纯态的关系.本文讨论5个孤立的一维类氢原子模型系统,原子核的质量互不相同.这5个两体(电子与原子核)复合系统的相对运动状态都处于纠缠态,其中电子状态都用约化密度矩阵表示的混合态描述.在原子核质量趋近无穷大的一维氢原子模型中,电子处于纯态.为比较这里的纯态和混合态,在位置表象中计算了这些混合态的纯度、它们分别与纯态的保真度、以及所有这些态的相干性.研究表明,原子核的质量越大,纯度和保真度越接近1,混合态的相干性与纯态的也越接近.这样的纯态及其相干性可以是这种混合态及其相干性的近似,并与原子核及库仑相互作用有关.     

Assisted Cloning and Orthogonal Complementing of an Arbitrary Unknown Two-Qubit State with χ-Type Entangled States

We propose a scheme for cloning an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state and its orthogonal complement state with the assistance from the state preparer. Our scheme includes two stages. The first stage requires a quantum teleportation process, in which an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state can be deterministically teleported from the sender to the receiver with χ-type entangled states as the quantum channel. In the second stage, with the assistance of the state preparer, either a perfect copy or an orthogonal complement state of an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state can be obtained with a certain probability.