11-钨钛合过渡金属杂多酸钾的合成与性质

11-系列不饱和杂多阴离子可作为配体与过渡金属或希土离子生成混合型杂多阴离子。由于这种无机高分子配合物对某些有机合成反应具有催化活性及抗病毒性能,新型化合物的合成仍吸引着人们的关注。11-钨钛杂多阴离子除与希土离子生成K_(13)[Ln(TiW_(11)O_(39))_2]·xH_2O型化合物外,也可与过渡金属离子生成混合型杂多阴离子。本文报道了K_n[TiW_(11)M(H_2O)O_(39)]·xH_2O(M=Mn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Fe~(3+),Co~(3+)和Cr~(3+))型杂多酸盐的合成与性质。     

镧系元素的双—（9—钨—2—钼磷）杂多酸钾的合成与性质研究

自1971年Peacock等首次合成出以杂多阴离子为配位体的镧系元素的一些杂多配合物[Ln(XW_(11)O_(39))_2]~(n-)(X=P,Si)以来,Zuhairi等又合成出镧的一些其它杂多钨酸盐[La(XW_(11)O_(39))_2]~(n-)(X=B,Si,Ge,P,As)。 为开发新型的镧系元素催化剂,我们系统地研究了镧系元素的杂多钨酸盐和杂多钼酸盐。本文报道有关K_(11)[Ln(PW_9Mo_2O_(39))_2]·nH_2O(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Er,Yb)的合成及性质的研究结果。     

镧系元素的杂多钨钛酸盐的合成与性质研究

自1971年Peacock等首次合成以不饱和杂多阴离子作配体的镧系元素杂多配合物[Ln(XW_(11)O_(39)]~(n-)(X=Si,P)以来,这方面的报道较多。过渡元素的引入有可能改善这类化合物的某些活性,尤其是催化活性,但迄今为止尚未见报道,本文首次合成出以TiW_(11)O_(39)~(3-)为配体的镧系元素杂多钨酸盐K_(13)[Ln(TiW_(11)O_(39))_2]·xH_2O(Ln=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu),并对其IR、UV光谱及热、磁性质进行了测试和初步研究。     

Keggin结构和Dawson结构杂多酸(盐)及其衍生物的氧化还原性质研究

本文系统研究了Keggin结构和Dawson结构两大系列几十个杂多酸(盐)及其钒和稀土衍生物LnHSiMo_(12),SiMo_(12-n)V_n,M_(1.5)PMo_(12),PMo(12-n)V_n,PW_(12-n)V_n,Ln(PMon_(11))_2,Sm(XMon_(11))_2和P_2Mo_(13-n)V_n等在溶液中的氧化还原性质,得到了它们的氧化序。发现Keggin结构杂多阴离子及其稀土衍生物还原电势与nq~2线性相关(n,q分别为中心离子的主量子数和电荷)。根据静电模型对两大系列杂多化合物的氧化还原规律性给予了合理说明。     

双2:17钼磷系列稀土杂多蓝的合成和性质研究

首次合成和离析了八种以缺位型Dawson结构钼磷杂多阴离子为配体的稀土杂多蓝K_(17)H_2[Ln-(P_2Mo_(17)O_(61))_2]·nH_2O和K_(17)H_4[Ln(P_2Mo_(17)O_(61))_2]·nH_2O(Ln=La,Pr,Sm,Yb).通过元素分析、电位滴定、红外光谱、紫外光谱、极谱、循环伏安、X射线光电子能谱、热重-差热分析和电子顺磁共振对杂多蓝进行了表征.实验结果表明,杂多阴离子还原为杂多蓝后,性质发生了某些变化,但结构基本不变,配体P_2Mo_(17)O_(61)~(10-)仍为a_2型.     

过渡元素及镧系元素11-钨锰杂多酸钾配合物的合成与性质

本文合成了以11-钨锰杂多阴离子为配体的4个配合物:K_6Z(H_2O)MnW_(11)O_(39)xH_2O(Z=ZD、Ni)和K_(13)Ln(MnW_(11)O_(39))_2·xH_2O(Ln=La、Nd)。用化学分析、离子交换、电导滴定、IR、UV、x-射线光电子能谱等进行了表征,还对其热性质等进行了研究。     

九钨三锰硅酸钾异构体的合成及其转移氧原子的性质

Hill~[1],Finke~[2]和Neumann~[3]曾分别报道[Pw_(11)O_(39)M]~(n-)、[P_2W_(17)O_(61)M]~(n-)和[SiW_(11)O_(39)Ru]~(5-)具有催化烯烃环氧化反应的性质,三取代的Keggin杂多阴离子有相似的性质.本文首次报道α-和β-K_6H_4[SiW_9O_(37)Mn_3(H_2O)_3]·xH_2O的合成及其转移氧原子的性质,为研究杂多酸盐的催化提供了一个新的含锰杂多阴离子.     

杂多酸盐(TBA)_n[XW_9Mo_2(CH_3SiOSiCH_3)O_(39)]的合成和表征

具有Keggin衍生结构,以α-[SiW_(11)(RSiOSiR)O_(39)]~(4-)(R=C_2H_5、C_6H_5、NC(CH_2)_3、C_3H_5)为阴离子的杂多酸盐已有报道,但以[XW_9Mo_2(RSiOSiR)O_(39)]~(n-)为阴离子的杂多酸盐尚未见报道。本文首次合成六种以[XW_9Mo_2(CH_3SiOSiCH_3)O_(39)]~(n-)以及[XW_(11)(CH_3SiOSiCH_3)O_(39)]~(n-),(X=Si,P,Ge)为阴离子的杂多酸四丁基铵(TBA)盐,并对它们进行了表征。     

含铁杂多酸盐Mossbauer谱研究——Ⅳ.钼磷铁杂多酸盐的合成和Mossbauer谱

合成了钼磷铁杂多黄(NH_4)_4[PFeMo_(11)O_(40)H_2]·9H_2O和杂多蓝(NH_4)_4[PFeMo_(11)O_(40)Ha]·11H_2O的铵盐晶体.用_(57)Fe同位素增丰Mossbauer谱法,结合磁化率测定,研究其结构与性质,并讨论了四极分裂值Q(?)和Keggin结构杂多阴离子中MO_6(M=Mo,Fe)八面体畸变大小的关系,进一步证实Keggin结构杂多蓝阴离子中Mo(V)—O—Fe(III)间存在反磁交换作用.     

过渡金属取代的钨铁杂多配合物的合成与表征

由P-souchay首先发现的11系列缺陷型杂多阴离子,通式为XM11O39n-,是由Keggin结构失去一个M基团后形成的,它们仍保持着Keggin基本结构,并具有很强的配位活性(五啮配体),当其它金属离子进入上述空缺位置时,就形成了三元杂多配合物,阴离子通式一般为[XM11O39Z(H2O)]n-[1](X为杂原子,M为MO和W,Z为取代金属离子),简写为XM11Z。现在X和Z的范围不断扩大[2],也不断有XM11Z应用于催化合成等多种领域的报道[3～5]。本文介绍了由过渡金属取代的钨铁杂多酸盐即过渡金属三元杂多配合物的合成,并对其性质和结构进行了表征。1　实验部分1.1　仪…     

Thermogravimetric and dynamic mechanical analysis of LLDPE/EMA blends

The thermal stability of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA) blends was studied using thermogravimetry. The blend ratio as well as the presence of compatibilizer has significant effect on thermal stability of the blends. The compatibilization of the blends using LLDPE-g-MA has increased the degradation temperature. Phase morphology was found to be one of the most decisive factors that affected the thermal stability of both uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends. Dynamic mechanical behavior of the blend was studied by dynamic mechanical analysis. The storage modulus of the blends decreased with increase in EMA content. When compatibilized with LLDPE-g-MA the storage modulus of the blend increases. LLDPE-g-MA is an effective compatibilizer as it increases the thermal stability and modulus of the blend.     

几种酚醛树脂热裂解的研究

采用热失重、差热分析、热机分析、裂解气体容积分析及组分的色谱分析等方法,对几种热固性酚醛树脂的热裂解进行了研究。结果表明酚醛树脂的热稳定性与二亚甲基醚键的存在很有关系,随着醚键的增多而热稳定性降低。对树脂的热裂解机理进行了讨论。     

Unexpected selective enhancement of the thermal stability of aromatic polyimide materials by cerium dioxide nanoparticles

The unusual effect of selective enhancement of the thermal stability of aromatic polyimide materials was established through the introduction of cerium dioxide nanoparticles into these polymers as nanofiller. Depending on the chemical structure of the polymers, a marked increase or a substantial decrease in the thermal stability of the nanocomposite material was registered by thermal analysis, as compared with that of unfilled polymer material. The positive effect was registered only for the composite materials based on the matrix polyimides containing the sulfur atoms located in the sulfonic groups arranged in the elementary units. The results of the thermogravimetric examination are compared with the data obtained during the mechanical tests of the same samples. The possible reasons for the alteration of the thermal stability of polymers by ceria nanoparticles are discussed. The effect above can be of substantial practical interest providing new options for the design of polyimide nanocomposite materials with enhanced thermal stability.     

Thermal stability of some polyferrocenyleniminoimides and polyferrocenylenazomethines

The thermal stability of new ferrocene polymers from the class of polyferrocenyleniminoimides and polyferrocenylenazomethines was studied by means of differential thermal analysis as well as thermogravimetry. It was established that polyferrocenylenazomethines show good thermal stability up to 200° and are more stable than polyferrocenyleniminoimides. The presence of ethereal, sulphidic and disulphidic bridges in the diaminic component of the polymers decreases their thermal stability.     

Polycarbonate Resins: Synthesis and Thermogravimetric Analysis

Resins from diphenols with an aromatic ring as side group, phosgene, and a triphenol as crosslinking agent were synthesized under phase transfer conditions. The resins obtained with a phase transfer catalyst showed higher thermal stability than those obtained without catalyst. The function of the catalyst is to transport triphenol from the aqueous phase to the organic phase. The thermal stability of the resins was related to the structure and the content of triphenol. It was found that resins derived from diphenol I exhibited higher thermal stability as the content of triphenol increased. On the other hand, when diphenol II was used, the thermal stability decreased as the content of triphenol increased, due to steric hindrance of the methyl group on the side ring. Also, a resin from the triphenol alone was synthesized in the same conditions. The kinetic parameters of the decomposition process were determined for all resins.     

Effects of hydroxyvalerate contents in thermal degradation kinetic of cellulose acetate propionate/poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) blends

Thermal stability of polymers is an important parameter that determines the application as well as the processing conditions. The green polymers have shown low thermal stability, such as the polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). The PHAs with different comonomers containing hydroxyvalerate (HV) were studied. It was seen that the green polymer showed a fast thermal degradation process. The addition of the HV comonomer modified this profile and the thermal degradation kinetic. The blend prepared between the PHAs and other polymers can modify the thermal degradation process of the green polymers. In the present study, blends of cellulose acetate propionate and PHAs were prepared, and the thermal degradation kinetics of these blends were evaluated. It was observed that the cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) phase in the blends modified the thermal degradation process and kinetic profile of the PHA phase. In the blends, the thermal stability of the PHAs was slightly modified because of CAP reducing the reactivity of the PHAs. On the other hand, the thermal stability of the CAP phase in the blends is not largely modified by the PHA phase. However, the hydroxyvalerate comonomer decreases the reactivity of the CAP phase at the start of thermal degradation of the same. The interaction between the phases promotes the synergetic interaction, which slightly improves the thermal stability of the two polymers blends.     

电极界面缓冲层对P3HT:PC61BM太阳能电池热稳定性的影响

基于溶液法加工制备的聚合物太阳能电池的高温热稳定性是决定器件能否兼容后续高温热封装工艺, 如热压封装、高温原子层沉积(ALD)等的一个关键. 本文分别利用聚(3, 4-乙烯二氧噻吩)-聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT:PSS)和MoO₃作为阳极缓冲层, 以及ZnO和LiF 作为阴极缓冲层, 制备了结构为氧化铟锡(ITO)/阳极缓冲层/3-己基取代聚噻吩:(6, 6)-苯基C₆₁-丁酸甲酯(P3HT:PC₆₁BM)/阴极缓冲层/Al 的太阳能电池, 系统地比较研究了不同界面缓冲材料对器件光电转换性能及稳定性的影响, 特别是在高温煺火条件下器件的性能稳定性差异. 结果表明, 聚合物太阳能电池的热稳定性同器件的结构以及所用的缓冲层材料有密切的相关性. 其中, 利用MoO₃及ZnO分别作为阳极与阴极界面修饰层的P3HT:PC₆₁BM器件在120-150 ℃的温度范围内能够较好地保持器件的光电转换性能. 这一结果为后续需要高温封装工艺的器件提供了有意义的结构优化指导. 此外, 研究结果还表明利用ZnO作为阴极缓冲层能够改善器件的长时间稳定性.     

Thermal degradation of aliphatic hyperbranched polyesters and their derivatives

In this study results of thermal degradation of aliphatic hyperbranched polyesters, AHBP, and their derivatives, determined by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis in inert atmosphere (N₂) are presented. The thermal stability of linear polyester PHPA (polyhydroxypivalic acid), additionally synthesized from hydroxypivalic acid, was also studied. AHBP samples, from second to tenth pseudo-generation, were synthesized starting from 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid and di-trimethylolpropane. Modification of some selected AHBP samples was accomplished with the propionyl and benzoyl chloride, as well as with stearic acid. Thermal degradation of AHBP samples starts in the region between 250 °C and 275 °C and it ends around 430 °C. The thermal stability of AHBP samples increases with the number of end groups in the macromolecule, as well as with the modification of end groups with stearic acid and propionyl chloride. An AHBP sample of the fourth pseudo-generation, where all -OH end groups are modified with benzoyl chloride, shows lower thermal stability than the corresponding unmodified sample. The thermal stability of the linear polyester PHPA is lower than the thermal stability of the AHBP samples of the similar molar mass. The activation energies of thermal degradation for all synthesized AHBP samples were also calculated.     

Graft modification of poly(vinyl chloride) and related reactions

Cationically polymerizable olefins can be efficiently grafted onto poly(vinyl chloride) in the presence of alkylaluminum compounds. The substitution of labile chlorines in PVC by various branches yields a product of improved thermal stability as compared with unmodified PVC. Thus the grafting of a few per cent of polyisobutylene or poly-butadiene onto PVC gives graft copolymers superior in thermal stability to the PVC backbone, as determined by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses as well as color development of molded films. At advanced stages of thermal degradation the thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-isobutylene) (PVC-g-PIB is some 40°C superior to the unmodified PVC. In addition to grafting of polymer chains onto the PVC backbone, other methods are also available to achieve improved thermal stability. In pentane suspension, alkylaluminum compounds efficiently alkylate labile chlorines in PVC, and the product exhibits improved thermal stability. Alternatively, PVC carbonium ions can alkylate aromatic compounds, and these products also exhibit high heat stability. Based on the assumption that certain alkylaluminums quantitatively react with labile chlorines in PVC, it was estimated that 2–3% of the chlorines present in suspension-grade PVC are labile.     

Fluorescence characterization of the thermal stability of collagen mimic peptides

The thermal stability of triple helical structure plays a critical role in collagen biosynthesis, function and degradation. CD technique was utilized to characterize the thermal stability of synthetic collagen mimic peptides. Fluorescence spectroscopy is widely used with easy access all around the world because of its inexpensive instrumentation, low operation cost, easy operation, and high sensitivity. Here we have developed an alternative fluorescence method to detect the thermal stability of collagen mimic peptides. We have demonstrated that fluorescence spectroscopy could measure the thermal stability of collagen mimic peptides with low concentrations under different circumstances. This highly sensitive fluorescence self-quenching assay will greatly expedite the studies of sequence-dependent properties of collagen mimic peptides, and it has great potential in the application of determining the thermal stability of triple helix systems such as collagens, collectins, adiponectin, macrophage scavenger and C1q.