Sorption of Oil by Swollen Graphite: Contributions of Specific Surface Area and Specific Volume

Sorption of heavy oil by swollen graphites obtained from residual graphite hydrosulfate at 300- 900°C was studied. The dependence of the sorption capacity for oil on the specific surface area and specific volume of the swollen graphite sorbent was analyzed.     

Influence of Pretreatment of Expanded Graphite on Its Sorption Properties with Respect to Petroleum

Petroleum sorption on expanded graphite prepared from residual graphite hydrosulfate at 300-900°C was studied as influenced by pretreatment of the sorbent with water.     

Properties of polyamide 6 and thermoplastic polyurethane blends containing modified montmorillonites

In this paper are reported some experimental data related to the influence of preparation regimes and characteristics of exfoliated graphite based sorbents produced by thermal expansion of H₂SO₄-graphite intercalation compounds (H₂SO₄-GICs) on their sorption properties. Investigations involving X-ray diffraction analyses, surface area, bulk density and oil sorption capacity measurements, have been performed. Sorption capacity was discussed as a function of bulk density, total pore volume and surface area. Some empirical correlation between studied characteristics of exfoliated graphite have been found. The differences among the obtained samples, as a consequence of synthesis conditions, were also put in evidence by thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA) performed after their exposure to oil sorption.It was found that thermal analysis method could provide information about the exfoliated graphite pore system related to the sorbed oil oxidation rate. The capacity for oil uptake was also discussed in the case of graphite oxide soot.     

Adsorption Properties of Natural Carbonaceous Adsorbents and Thermally Expanded Graphite

Structural and sorption characteristics of natural carbonaceous sorbents and thermally expanded graphite were examined. Acid-base sites on the sorbent surface were characterized qualitatively and quantitatively. The performance of the materials in wastewater treatment to remove anionic surfactants was studied.     

Effect of synthesis parameters on characteristics of expanded graphite

Effect of synthesis parameters on the characteristics of expanded graphite were studied. The starting sample, intercalated graphite, was treated by several methods: thermal shock (400, 1000°C) and programmed heating (400–700°C). The samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. The programmed-heating method yields better texture characteristics as compared with the thermal shock. The programmed-heating method was used to obtain high-quality expanded graphite with high specific surface area (299 m² g^–1) at a comparatively moderate temperature of 400°C.     

石墨及石墨/双马来酰亚胺减摩树脂复合材料的XRD研究

利用X射线衍射对鳞片石墨、可膨胀石墨、膨胀石墨和纳米石墨薄片以及石墨 /双马来酰亚胺、纳米石墨薄片 /双马来酰亚胺减摩复合材料进行了研究,探讨它们之间在结构上的关系以及以复合材料中双马来酰亚胺预聚体对石墨层间距的影响.实验结果表明:可膨胀石墨中插层剂的插入除了增大石墨层间距外,还减小相邻插层剂未插入的石墨层间距;膨胀石墨的结构除了保留强度很弱的石墨特征峰外,还有大量强度极其微弱、层间距大小不一的峰;超声波对膨胀石墨的结构有整合、均匀化作用;双马来酰亚胺预聚体不能插入鳞片石墨层间,而能插入纳米石墨薄片的层间.     

Natural aging of shape stabilized phase change materials based on paraffin wax

Natural aging of shape-stabilized phase change materials containing linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), paraffin wax and expanded graphite (EG) in Qatari climate has been studied. It was found that expanded graphite significantly improved the performance of prepared SSPCMs in multiple ways. Firstly, EG suppressed leakage of paraffin wax from the compact shape of SSPCMs. The addition of 15 wt% of EG to shape stabilized phase change materials (SSPCMs) containing 50 wt% of wax caused a decreasing in the leakage of wax by 50% over 210 days of natural aging.Secondly, ∖expanded graphite enhanced the photochemical stability of the blends; this was confirmed by FTIR analysis, where carbonyl index decreased with EG content.     

The Iodimetric Value Measurement of Expanded Graphite

The shape of expanded graphite is a netted and hollow structure.It is very easy to adsorb molecules and adsorption power is better. The research has proved:the expanded graphite had its ability to adsorb weigh oil etc. The capacity of adsorptive materials has been expressed by the iodimetric adsorption value, but the iodimetric adsorptive value of expanded graphite has not been reported until so far.The paper measures the iodimetric adsorption value by the iodimetry, and the apparatus is used easily and simply. The operation is not more difficult and the accuracy is higher, and the reagent is usual.     

钴铁氧体/膨胀石墨及其聚吡咯复合物的制备和油水分离性能

用化学共沉淀法和原位乳液聚合法分别制备了钴铁氧体/膨胀石墨复合微粒(CF/EG)和钴铁氧体/膨胀石墨/聚吡咯复合物(CF/EG/PPy)。用现代分析技术表征了样品的组成、结构、形貌、电-磁性能和油水分离性能。结果表明,CF粒子已填嵌入到膨胀石墨的层间,CF/EG/PPy复合物的核(CF/EG)和壳(PPy)之间存在着一定的相互作用,样品的油水分离效果与膨胀石墨的层间空隙成正比,其次序为:EG>CF/EG>CF/EG/PPy。磁性的CF/EG微粒回收容易,重复使用性能优良,循环5次的效率不低于90%。     

Fabrication and physicochemical characterization of graphene oxide derived from thermally expanded graphite

Graphene oxide was obtained from expanded graphite according to the modified Hummers method. The reaction time was significantly reduced (from 24 to 8 h) by applying the expanded graphite in the oxidation process. The interlayer distance in obtained samples was equal to 0.70–0.74 nm. Structural features of the material were studied by the powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, XPS spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy.     

膨胀石墨对油亲和吸附分析

膨胀石墨对油亲和吸附分析曹乃珍沈万慈温诗铸（清华大学，北京１０００８４）金传波（山东省临沂电大，临沂２７６０００）关键词膨胀石墨油吸附膨胀石墨表面和内部有许多网络状的孔，表面积较大，因而有很好的吸附能力［１］，特别对于较大的非极性有机分子有较强的吸附...     

Gas chromatographic determination of sorption of aroma substances by corn starch cryosponges

The sorption ofRosmarinus Officinals L. essential oil components by the corn starch cryosponge was studied. The hydrophobic interactions of monoterpene hydrocarbons with polysaccharides of the starch result in their quantitative sorption. The sorption of aroma compounds containing oxygen atoms is twofold lower. the templating effect of mono- and disaccharides (glucose, sucrose, maltose, and some essential oil components) was found.     

Sorbents and supports based on nanoporous carbon xerogels

The physicochemical properties of nanoporous carbon materials (TUMaNs) prepared by the carbonization of porous phenol-formaldehyde resin were studied. According to high-resolution electron microscopic data, these materials are nanographites composed of 5-to 10-μm globules, which form chaotically arranged microblocks 3–4 graphene layers in thickness. The materials have a developed system of 1.5-to 3.0-nm micropores and a specific surface area of 450–700 m²/g. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, the samples consisted of strongly disordered graphite with uniquely large interlayer distances of 0.375–0.390 nm. The sorption properties of TUMaN toward hydrogen and light hydrocarbons were studied. The amount of absorbed hydrogen was higher than analogous values for materials with comparable or even larger specific surface areas. With respect to the sorption of light hydrocarbons, the properties of TUMaN were similar to those of silica and alumina. Nickel supported on TUMaN exhibited an unusually high activity and selectivity in butadiene hydrogenation to butenes. Palladium on TUMaN was highly effective in the hydrofining of ethylene for the removal of acetylene impurities.     

石蜡/碱改性硅藻土/膨胀石墨复合相变储热材料的制备及性能

通过碱处理,优化了硅藻土(DIA)的孔隙结构,提高了孔隙率,增加了石蜡(paraffin)负载量。通过直接浸渍法制备了新型性状稳定的石蜡/碱改性DIA/膨胀石墨(EG-alDIAP)复合材料,并研究了其结构与性能的关系。结果表明,复合相变材料的石蜡负载量从47.4%提高到了61.1%,进而提高了复合材料的储热性能;向改性DIA中添加膨胀石墨(EG)提高了复合材料的传热能力,添加质量分数10%EG时导热系数提高了113%(从0.276 W·m^-1·K^-1提高到了0.589 W·m^-1·K^-1)。随着EG含量的升高,复合相变材料的相变潜热有所增加,但化学相容性、稳定性等无明显变化。含 10%EG的石蜡/碱改性 DIA复合材料具有可靠的储能性能、良好的温度调节性能和蓄放热能力。     

石蜡/碱改性硅藻土/膨胀石墨复合相变储热材料的制备及性能

通过碱处理,优化了硅藻土(DIA)的孔隙结构,提高了孔隙率,增加了石蜡(paraffin)负载量。通过直接浸渍法制备了新型性状稳定的石蜡/碱改性DIA/膨胀石墨(EG-alDIAP)复合材料,并研究了其结构与性能的关系。结果表明,复合相变材料的石蜡负载量从47.4%提高到了61.1%,进而提高了复合材料的储热性能;向改性DIA中添加膨胀石墨(EG)提高了复合材料的传热能力,添加质量分数10%EG时导热系数提高了113%(从0.276 W·m^-1·K^-1提高到了0.589 W·m^-1·K^-1)。随着EG含量的升高,复合相变材料的相变潜热有所增加,但化学相容性、稳定性等无明显变化。含10%EG的石蜡/碱改性DIA复合材料具有可靠的储能性能、良好的温度调节性能和蓄放热能力。     

Carbon sorbents for immobilization of tritium-containing waste oils

Emission of tritium from the pump oil-carbon sorbent-cement compositions (where the carbon sorbent is thermally expanded graphite or charcoal fabricated by thermal or radiation evaporation of a cellulose material) was studied. The compositions are characterized by a high hold-up ability with respect to oil components, when the matrix is contacted with water. The apparent diffusion coefficients of tritium are equal to 10⁻¹⁵–10⁻¹⁶ m² s⁻¹. The compositions are found to be resistant to radiation and can be recommended for solidification of radioactive waste oils.     

Conducting Materials Based on Thermally Expanded Graphite

The electrical conductivity of composites produced from thermally expanded graphite, isoprene rubber, and polyvinyl chloride plastisol was studied as influenced by the process conditions.     

Adsorption of Oil Substances by Carbon Monolith and Their Subsequent Determination by GC/GC/MS

Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin - A monolith based on foamed graphite is used for the sorption of hydrocarbons (alkanes, cycloalkanes, arenes) as markers of oil pollution. This material is...     

Kinetics study of oil sorption with open‐cell polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer blend foams prepared via continuous extrusion foaming

The objective of the present work was to study the sorption kinetics of open‐cell polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer (PP/POE) blend foams. First, open‐cell PP/POE foams of different cell structures were prepared by controlling the foaming temperature via a continuous extrusion foaming process. Second, the effect of the cell structures on the sorption process, rate, and capacity was studied. Pseudo‐first order and pseudo‐second order models were applied to study the sorption kinetics of the PP/POE foams for cyclohexane. Third, the sorption rate and sorption capacity by both volume and weight of the PP/POE foam for different oils and solvents were studied to show how the intrinsic properties of the testing oils and solvents affected the sorption performance. The results showed that the sorption with the PP/POE foams followed the pseudo‐second order kinetics model. Both the cell structures of the foams and the intrinsic properties of the testing oils and solvents affected the sorption performance. For the same testing oil, a higher open‐cell content in the foam was favorable for a higher sorption rate, and a higher void fraction was favorable for a higher sorption capacity. For the same foam, a lower viscosity of the testing oil was favorable for a higher sorption rate. The sorption capacity by volume was closely related to the viscosity of the testing oil, while both the viscosity and the density of the testing oil determined the sorption capacity by weight.     

Sorption of trypsin on the polysiloxane rubber surface

The sorption kinetics of trypsin on medical polysiloxane rubber and polysiloxane rubber modified with graphite was studied. The effect of the nonuniformity and hydrophilicity of the rubber surface on the trypsin immobilization rate was analyzed.