Unified statistical distribution of quantum particles and Symmetry

In this paper we propose a unified statistics of Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics by suggesting that every particle can be associated with matter or fundamental forces with certain probability. The main Justification for this proposal is the possibility of extension of the spin-statistics theory to include a hypothetical quantum particles have fractional spin. The concept of Supersymmetry can be related to this unified statistics.     

Anomalous wave function statistics on a one-dimensional lattice with power-law disorder

Within a general framework, we discuss the wave function statistics in the Lloyd model of Anderson localization on a one-dimensional lattice with a Cauchy distribution for random on-site potential. We demonstrate that already in leading order in the disorder strength, there exists a hierarchy of anomalies in the probability distributions of the wave function, the conductance, and the local density of states, for every energy which corresponds to a rational ratio of wavelength to lattice constant. Power-law rather than log-normal tails dominate the short-distance wave-function statistics.     

Braided groups and algebraic quantum field theories

We introduce the notion of a braided group. This is analogous to a supergroup with Bose-Fermi statistics ±1 replaced by braid statistics. We show that every algebraic quantum field theory in two dimensions leads to a braided group of internal symmetries. Every quantum group can be viewed as a braided group.     

极值温差红外图像的自适应双局部增强算法

针对目前红外焦平面成像系统在观察目标、特别是极值温差目标时,各温度段灰度描述不均匀和细节不够的问题,提出了一种自适应红外图像双局部增强算法。详细介绍了通过空间分布和灰度统计特性两个方向实现对极值温差图像自适应增强的方法,该方法首先从红外图像的空间分布特性出发,将图像切割成多个局部图像,然后再从直方图灰度分布出发,将局部图像的直方图进行聚类分段,并对分段直方图均衡增强,最后对生成的每个局部图像增强结果进行线性插值拼接完成增强算法。通过在红外焦平面系统中实验证明了极值温差自适应的红外图像双局部增强算法的可行性,并获得了很好的效果,成像质量有明显提高。     

Quantum mechanical version of the classical Liouville theorem

In terms of the coherent state evolution in phase space,we present a quantum mechanical version of the classical Liouville theorem.The evolution of the coherent state from |z>to|sz-rz*> corresponds to the motion from a point z(q,p) to another point sz-rz* with |s|2-|r|2=1.The evolution is governed by the so-called Fresnel operator U(s,r) that was recently proposed in quantum optics theory,which classically corresponds to the matrix optics law and the optical Fresnel transformation,and obeys group product rules.In other words,we can recapitulate the Liouville theorem in the context of quantum mechanics by virtue of coherent state evolution in phase space,which seems to be a combination of quantum statistics and quantum optics.     

Study of Lorentz violation in INTEGRAL gamma-ray bursts

We search for possible time lags caused by quantum gravitational effects using gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by INTEGRAL. The advantage of this satellite is that we have at our disposal the energy and arrival time of every detected single photon, which enhances the precision of the time resolution. We present a new method for seeking time lags in unbinned data using a maximum likelihood method and support our conclusions with Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis establishes a conservative lower bound on the Lorentz invariance violation scale, which is several orders of magnitude below the Planck mass, whose value may however increase if better statistics of GRBs were available. Furthermore, we disagree with previous studies in which a non-monotonic function of the redshift was used to perform a linear fit.     

The Fourier transform as a signature for chaos in nuclear energy levels

Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and nuclei - The Fourier transform of the autocorrelation function is an alternative test to characterize level statistics. For GOE statistics there is a...     

Parametric modelling of Poisson-Gaussian random matrix ensembles

We analyse a scheme of transition from the Poissonian statistics for quantum levels to the Gaussian one of random matrix ensembles in the framework of level dynamics discussed by Yukawa. We propose a means of connecting these two limiting statistics by showing a result that Yukawa's parameter / of the exponential family can be efficiently replaced by the ratio <E>/<Q> which reflects directly a degree of the eigenvalue correlations of each sample matrix in the ensemble. On this basis, we discuss a correspondence between the level statistics of a generic quantum system and its classical regular/chaotic dynamics in terms of the semiclassical power spectrum and its second moment formulated by Feingold-Peres and Prosen-Robnik. We also discuss some limiting proceduresN (infinite limit of the matrix dimension) pertinent to the Gaussian ensembles, and remark about the possibility offractional power law of Brody's type.     

Locating wide band acoustic sources using higher order statistics

The conventional array processing algorithms are effective when the propagation model and the array geometry are known and when the additive noise is white or with a known covariance matrix. In several real situations these assumptions are not verified, hence a degradation of their performances. To cope with this problem, we resort to the higher order statistics of the received signals. The interest of the published papers was the separation of the narrow band and uncorrelated acoustic sources. In this paper, we propose a cumulant based algorithm to characterize the wide band and fully correlated signals. This algorithm removes the additive Gaussian noise and then improves the existing narrow band array processing techniques. This method consists in combining the different information contained in the analysis band by using the optimal transformation matrices. The basic idea is based on both the fourth order statistics and the whitening processing of the received data. This leads to cleaned data and then to improve the source separation. The performance of the proposed algorithm is obtained by simulations for several test cases of interest.     

Punishment Mechanism with Self-Adjusting Rules in Spatial Voluntary Public Goods Games

The phenomena of cooperation in animal and human society are ubiquitous, but the selfish outcome that no player contributes to the public good will lead to the "tragedy of the commons". The recent research shows that high punishment can improve the cooperation of the population. In this paper, we introduce a punishment mechanism into spatial voluntary public goods games with every individual only knowing his own payoff in each round. Using the self-adjusting rules, we find that the different cost for punishment can lead to different effects on the voluntary public goods games. Especially, when the cost for punishment is decreased, a higher contribution region will appear in the case of low r value. It means even for the low r value, individuals can form the contributing groups in large quantities to produce a more efficient outcome than that in moderate r value. In addition, we also find the players' memory can have effects on the average outcome of the population.     

Part II. Algebraic tails in three-dimensional quantum plasmas

We review various exact results concerning the presence of algebraic tails in three-dimensional quantum plasmas. First, we present a solvable model of two quantum charges immersed in a classical plasma. The effective potential between the quantum charges is shown to decay as 1/r ⁶ at large distances r. Then, we mention semiclassical expansions of the particle correlations for charged systems with Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics and short-ranged regularization of the Coulomb potential. The quantum corrections to the classical quantities, from orderh ⁴ on, also decay as 1/r ⁶. We also give the result of an analysis of the charge correlation for the one-component plasma in the framework of the usual many-body perturbation theory; some Feynman graphs beyond the random phase approximation display algebraic tails. Finally, we sketch a diagrammatic study of the correlations for the full many-body problem with quantum statistics and pure 1/r interactions. The particle correlations are found to decay as 1/r ⁶, while the charge correlation decays faster, as 1/r ¹⁰. The coefficients of these tails can be exactly computed in the low-density limit. The absence of exponential screening arises from the quantum fluctuations of partially screened dipolar interactions.     

高功率二极管激光器失效特性研究

利用统计分析手段,对高功率二极管激光器封装中各工艺环节引起器件失效的原因进行了分析和归类.根据几种失效模式的分析结果,焊接空隙、结短路、腔面退化是引起高功率DL失效的主要模式,针对高功率二极管激光器失效的主要模式,对焊料沉积夹具及焊接工艺参数进行了改进和优化,大大提高了封装工艺水平,使封装的器件成品率由原来的77%提高到了85%以上.     

单分子光子源光子统计的非平衡探测

研究了在Hanbury Brown Twiss探测方式下，非平衡探测系统对光子统计测量的影响。通过记录2个单光子计数器响应的单分子光子源输出的每一个事件，分析具有泊松统计背景的实际单分子光子源的光子统计特性，讨论并给出了非平衡探测系统的单分子光子源Mandel参数。研究表明：非理想的50／50分束器、非理想的线性传输效率和非理想的探测器都会使单分子光子源Mandel参数的实际测量结果小于平衡系统的Mandel参数，最后给出了单分子光子源Mandel参数的非理想探测的校正表达式。     

On the equivalence of the first and second order equations for gauge theories

We prove that every solution to the SU(2) Yang-Mills equations, invariant under the lifting to the principle bundle of the action of the group, O(3), of rotations about a fixed line in ⁴, with locally bounded and globally square integrable curvature is either self-dual or anti-self dual. In other words we prove, under the above assumptions, that every critical point of the Yang-Mills functional is a global minimum.We prove also that every finite extremal of the Ginzburg-Landau action functional on ², with the coupling constant equal to one, is a solution to the first order Ginzburg-Landau equations. The relationship between the Ginzburg-Landau equations and the O(3) symmetric, SU(2) Yang-Mills equations on ² ×S ² is established.This work supported in part through funds provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant PHY 79-16812.     

Residence time statistics for N renewal processes

We present a study of residence time statistics for N renewal processes with a long tailed distribution of the waiting time. Such processes describe many nonequilibrium systems ranging from the intensity of N blinking quantum dots to the residence time of N Brownian particles. With numerical simulations and exact calculations, we show sharp transitions for a critical number of degrees of freedom N. In contrast to the expectation, the fluctuations in the limit of N→∞ are nontrivial. We briefly discuss how our approach can be used to detect nonergodic kinetics from the measurements of many blinking chromophores, without the need to reach the single molecule limit.     

基于复杂网络研究中国温度变化的区域特征

为分析中国温度变化复杂性的区域特征,利用中国地区435个台站1961—2002年逐日平均温度序列,分别构建温度波动网络,并计算网络拓扑统计性质,给出全国的空间分布图像.顶点RRD,RDD,DRR,DDR,DdR的顶点度异常高,以这些顶点为代表的温度波动模态发生概率较大,对温度变化的趋势预测有一定的指导意义;根据5种顶点的顶点度在全国435个台站中的排行分布,将它们的主要作用区域依次定义为：全国型、次全国型、东部型、西南混合型及混合型.各 关键词： 气候变化 气候复杂网络 拓扑结构 复杂性     

Braid Group Statistics Implies Scattering in Three-Dimensional Local Quantum Physics

It is shown that quantum fields for massive particles with braid group statistics (Plektons) in three-dimensional space-time cannot be free, in a quite elementary sense: They must exhibit elastic two-particle scattering into every solid angle, and at every energy. This also implies that for such particles there cannot be any operators localized in wedge regions which create only single particle states from the vacuum and which are well-behaved under the space-time translations (so-called temperate polarization- free generators). These results considerably strengthen an earlier “NoGo-theorem for ’free’ relativistic Anyons”.     

On maximal surfaces in asymptotically flat space-times

Existenc of maximal and almost maximal hypersurfaces in asymptotically flat space-times is established under boundary conditions weaker than those considered previously. We show in particular that every vacuum evolution of asymptotically flat data for the Einstein equations can be foliated by slices maximal outside a spatially compact set and that every (strictly) stationary asymptotically flat space-time can be foliated by maximal hypersurfaces. Amongst other uniqueness results, we show that maximal hypersurfaces can be used to partially fix an asymptotic Poincaré group.Supported in part by the NSF grant PHY 8503072 to Yale University     

Exact thermodynamic behavior of a generalized spin-isospin ising system on the Bethe lattice

We study a generalized Ising system consisting of a Bethe lattice on every site of which two spin-1/2 and two isospin-1/2 (or atomic species A) states can be realized, the spin-species interacting with appropriate nearest neighbor couplings. The system is equivalent to that of four states per site and we obtain its exact thermodynamic behavior. The case of a fixed concentration of species is the annealed or liquid magnetic binary alloy. The temperature dependence of the short-range-order (SRO) parameter of such systems is obtained as an application of the theory and discussed in connection with relevant material from the literature. When fixing both the concentration and the nearest neighbor spatial correlation of the species, we obtain Eggarter's formulas for the frozen-in species problem, which therefore are only approximately valid even on the Bethe lattice.