工具变量线性回归模型的平均估计

针对工具变量线性回归模型的未知参数研究了模型平均框架,该框架能同时适用于独立数据和相依数据.在这一框架下,文章推导了模型平均估计的渐近分布,构造了一个覆盖真实参数的概率趋于预定水平的置信区间,并证明了该置信区间与基于全模型的置信区间渐近等价.最后,文章还进行了模型研究,以考察模型平均估计在有限样本下的表现.     

泊松回归模型中协变量含误差的经验似然推断

在模型的协变量含有测量误差的情况下,考虑一类泊松回归模型的统计推断问题.通过巧妙地构造辅助随机向量,提出一个工具变量类型的经验似然统计推断方法.证明构造的经验对数似然比函数渐近服从标准卡方分布,进而给出了回归系数的置信区间.所提出的估计方法可以有效地消除测量误差对估计精度的影响,并且具有较好的有限样本性质.     

分位数置信区间的估计方法分析

构造了基于分位数两种估计量的渐近置信区间,并找到分位数基于样本次序统计量的渐近置信区间.同时,建立了基于分布函数核估计定义的分位数估计量的渐近正态性,并使用经验似然方法构造出分位数的两种渐近置信区间.在模拟分析中,基于置信区间的平均长度和覆盖率,分析构造分位数的五种渐近置信区间的有限样本表现.     

有重复观测的变系数EV模型的参数估计

构造了有重复观测的变系数EV模型中的诸多参数估计,包括系数函数、测量误差方差以及测量误差与回归误差的协方差等估计,去除了有关测量误差方差已知或可靠比已知的假定.在一些较弱的条件下,证明了所有的这些估计都是强相合的,同时获得了系数函数估计的渐近正态性以及收敛速度.     

测量误差模型中方差的一个非负估计及其性质

本文研究了测量误差模型中方差的估计问题.利用非负定的估计阵取其正部的方法,得到了测量误差模型中方差的一个非负估计.这个估计是渐近无偏的,有强相合性和渐近正态性.     

异方差线性测量误差模型的平均估计

频率模型平均估计近年来受到较多关注,但目前文献对有测量误差数据的模型平均估计方法研究较少.文章考虑异方差线性测量误差模型平均估计方法,基于Mallows权重选择准则提出了新的模型平均估计,并在理论上证明了其渐近最优性.模拟结果表明,新方法相较于一些常用的模型平均(如SAIC,SBIC)与模型选择方法(如AIC,BIC)具有较大优势.     

纵向数据下变系数测量误差模型的渐近估计

本文主要研究纵向数据下变系数测量误差模型的估计问题.利用B样条方法逼近模型中未知的变系数,构造关于B样条系数的二次推断函数来处理未知的个体内相关和测量误差,得到变系数的二次推断函数估计,建立估计方法和结果的渐近性质.数值模拟结果显示本文提出的估计方法具有一定的实用价值.     

非参数部分带有测量误差的部分线性变系数模型的经验似然推断

研究非参数部分带有测量误差的部分线性变系数模型,构造了模型中未知参数的局部纠偏经验对数似然比统计量,在适当条件下,证明了所提出的统计量具有渐近x2分布,由此结果可以用来构造未知参数的置信域.并且还构造了未知参数的最大经验似然估计及系数函数的估计,证明了它们的渐近性质.最后通过数值模拟研究了所提估计方法在有限样本下的实际...     

核实数据下反映缺失非线性EV模型的经验似然推断

考虑一类带有不完全数据的非线性模型,其协变量带有测量误差且反映变量随机缺失.通过核实数据和借补数据构造了回归参数θ的估计的经验对数似然比统计量,证明了所构造的似然比函数渐近独立标准X_1~2变量的加权和分布.在权未知的情况下,分别采用定义权的相合估计法和构造调整被估计的经验对数似然法构造出θ的渐近置信域.进一步,基于借补方法构造了反映变量均值的调整经验对数似然比统计量,并证明了统计量渐近标准X_1~2分布,所得结果可以用来构造反映均值的置信域.     

右删失情形下平均生存时间的加权Bootstrap推断

在右删失情形下,基于一类合成数据,采用加权Bootstrap方法获得了平均生存时间的加权Bootstrap估计及其加权Bootstrap分布,并就权重是否独立两种情形,证明了此估计的相合性及此分布近似的有效性.基于此,构造了平均生存时间的置信区间.在数值模拟中,取权为Dirichlet(n;1,…,1),并从覆盖概率和区间长度角度,比较了加权Bootstrap和渐近正态逼近产生的置信区间.     

Frequentist model averaging for linear mixed-effects models

Linear mixed-effects models are a powerful tool for the analysis of longitudinal data. The aim of this paper is to study model averaging for linear mixed-effects models. The asymptotic distribution of the frequentist model average estimator is derived, and a confidence interval procedure with an actual coverage probability that tends to the nominal level in large samples is developed. The two confidence intervals based on the model averaging and based on the full model are shown to be asymptotically equivalent. A simulation study shows good finite sample performance of the model average estimators.     

Technology scoring model for reflecting evaluator’s perception within confidence limits

The main purpose of this study is to propose a new technology scoring model for reflecting the total perception scoring phenomenon which happens often in many evaluation settings. A base model used is a logistic regression for non-default prediction of a firm. The point estimator used to predict the probability for non-default based on this model does not consider the risk involved in the estimation error. We propose to update the point estimator within its confidence interval using the evaluator’s perception. The proposed approach takes into account not only the risk involved in the estimation error of the point estimator but also the total perception scoring phenomenon. Empirical evidence of a better prediction ability of the proposed model is displayed in terms of the area under the ROC curves. Additionally, we showed that the proposed model can take advantage when it is applied to smaller data size. It is expected that the proposed approach can be applied to various technology related decision-makings such as R&D investment, alliance, transfer, and loan.     

Jackknifing in partially linear regression models with serially correlated errors

In this paper jackknifing technique is examined for functions of the parametric component in a partially linear regression model with serially correlated errors. By deleting partial residuals a jackknife-type estimator is proposed. It is shown that the jackknife-type estimator and the usual semiparametric least-squares estimator (SLSE) are asymptotically equivalent. However, simulation shows that the former has smaller biases than the latter when the sample size is small or moderate. Moreover, since the errors are correlated, both the Tukey type and the delta type jackknife asymptotic variance estimators are not consistent. By introducing cross-product terms, a consistent estimator of the jackknife asymptotic variance is constructed and shown to be robust against heterogeneity of the error variances. In addition, simulation results show that confidence interval estimation based on the proposed jackknife estimator has better coverage probability than that based on the SLSE, even though the latter uses the information of the error structure, while the former does not.     

响应变量删失情况下线性模型的FIC模型选择和模型平均

本文给出了响应变量随机右删失情况下线性模型的FIC (focused information criterion) 模型选择方法和光滑FIC 模型平均估计方法, 证明了兴趣参数的FIC 模型选择估计和光滑FIC 模型平均估计的渐近正态性, 通过随机模拟研究了估计的有限样本性质, 模拟结果显示, 从均方误差和一定置信水平置信区间的经验覆盖概率看, 兴趣参数的光滑FIC 模型平均估计均优于FIC, AIC (Akaikeinformation criterion) 和BIC (Bayesian information citerion) 等模型选择估计; 而FIC 模型选择估计与AIC 和BIC 等模型选择估计相比, 也表现出了一定的优越性. 通过分析原发性胆汁性肝硬化数据集, 说明了本文方法在实际问题中的应用.     

Semiparametric estimation of average treatment effect through a random coefficient dummy endogenous variable model

This paper provides an estimation procedure for average treatment effect through a random coefficient dummy endogenous variable model. A leading example of the model is estimating the effect of a training program on earnings. The model is composed of two equations: an outcome equation and a decision equation. Given the linear restriction in outcome and decision equations, Chen (1999) provided a distribution-free estimation procedure under conditional symmetric error distributions. In this paper we extend Chen’s estimator by relaxing the linear index into a nonparametric function, which greatly reduces the risk of model misspecification. A two-step approach is proposed: the first step uses a nonparametric regression estimator for the decision variable, and the second step uses an instrumental variables approach to estimate average treatment effect in the outcome equation. The proposed estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. Furthermore, we investigate the finite performance of our estimator by a Monte Carlo study and also use our estimator to study the return of college education in different periods of China. The estimates seem more reasonable than those of other commonly used estimators.     

左删失右截断数据的分位数的固定宽度序贯置信区间估计

基于左截断右删失数据下的乘积限估计构造了分位数固定宽度序贯置信区间及其估计，研究了序贯置信区间估计的渐近性质。作为副产品，获得了分位数估计近邻点的Bahadur表示定理。这个表示定理是推导分位数固定宽度序贯置信区间估计渐近性质的重要基础。同时，在文中，进行了一些计算机模拟试验，证明了左截断右删失数据下分位数估计的序贯方法是效的和精确的。     

Interval estimation of mean response time for a G/M/1 queueing system: empirical Laplace function approach

Mean response time is an important performance measure for a queueing system. In this paper, we propose a consistent and asymptotically normal (CAN) estimator of the mean response time for a G/M/1 queueing system, which is based on the fixed point of empirical Laplace function. The confidence interval for the mean response time can be constructed by applying the proposed CAN estimator and its estimated variance. And we carried out a simulation study to perform the accuracy of the constructed confidence interval by calculating the coverage percentage and the relative average length of confidence interval. Detailed discussions of all simulation results for three various models of G/M/1‐type system are presented and some valuable conclusions are provided. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

球内三维均匀分布区域半径的估计

讨论了球内三维均匀分布区域半径的估计,利用次序统计量得到球形区域半径的估计量和置信区间,并证明了所给置信区间为一定条件下的最短置信区间.     

Inference for the Mean Difference in the Two-Sample Random Censorship Model

Inference for the mean difference in the two-sample random censorship model is an important problem in comparative survival and reliability test studies. This paper develops an adjusted empirical likelihood inference and a martingale-based bootstrap inference for the mean difference. A nonparametric version of Wilks' theorem for the adjusted empirical likelihood is derived, and the corresponding empirical likelihood confidence interval of the mean difference is constructed. Also, it is shown that the martingale-based bootstrap gives a correct first order asymptotic approximation of the corresponding estimator of the mean difference, which ensures that the martingale-based bootstrap confidence interval has asymptotically correct coverage probability. A simulation study is conducted to compare the adjusted empirical likelihood, the martingale-based bootstrap, and Efron's bootstrap in terms of coverage accuracies and average lengths of the confidence intervals. The simulation indicates that the proposed adjusted empirical likelihood and the martingale-based bootstrap confidence procedures are comparable, and both seem to outperform Efron's bootstrap procedure.     

Empirical likelihood analysis of the Buckley-James estimator

The censored linear regression model, also referred to as the accelerated failure time (AFT) model when the logarithm of the survival time is used as the response variable, is widely seen as an alternative to the popular Cox model when the assumption of proportional hazards is questionable. Buckley and James [Linear regression with censored data, Biometrika 66 (1979) 429-436] extended the least squares estimator to the semiparametric censored linear regression model in which the error distribution is completely unspecified. The Buckley-James estimator performs well in many simulation studies and examples. The direct interpretation of the AFT model is also more attractive than the Cox model, as Cox has pointed out, in practical situations. However, the application of the Buckley-James estimation was limited in practice mainly due to its illusive variance. In this paper, we use the empirical likelihood method to derive a new test and confidence interval based on the Buckley-James estimator of the regression coefficient. A standard chi-square distribution is used to calculate the P-value and the confidence interval. The proposed empirical likelihood method does not involve variance estimation. It also shows much better small sample performance than some existing methods in our simulation studies.